Okuqukethwe
I-Pisolithus tintorius (Pisolithus tinctorius)
- I-Pisolitus ayinampande
- I-Lycoperdon capitatum
- I-Pisolithus arhizus
- Udayi we-Scleroderma
- I-Pisolitus ayinampande;
- I-Lycoperdon capitatum;
- I-Pisolithus arhizus;
- Udayi we-Scleroderma.
Incazelo Yangaphandle
Izidumbu ezithela izithelo ze-pisolitus ezingenazimpande zikhulu kakhulu, zingafinyelela ubude obuyi-5 kuye ku-20 cm, nobubanzi obungu-4 kuya ku-11 (kwezinye izimo kufika ku-20) cm. .
I-pseudopod yalesi sikhunta ibonakala ngobude obuyi-1 kuye ku-8 cm nobubanzi obuyi-2-3 cm. Inezimpande ezijulile, i-fibrous futhi iminyene kakhulu. Emakhowe amancane, ivezwa ngobuthaka, futhi kwabadala iba yinto engathandeki kakhulu, enyanyekayo.
Inkathi yeGrebe nendawo yokuhlala
Phambilini, ikhowe le-Pisolithus tinctorius lalihlukaniswa njengekhowe le-cosmopolitan, futhi lalitholakala cishe yonke indawo, ngaphandle kwezifunda ezingalé kwe-Arctic Circle. Imingcele yendawo yalesi sikhunta iyabuyekezwa njengamanje, njengoba ezinye zezinhlobo zayo ezikhulayo, ngokwesibonelo, eNingizimu Nenkabazwe nasezindaweni ezishisayo, zihlukaniswa njengezinhlobo ezihlukene. Ngokwesisekelo salolu lwazi, kungashiwo ukuthi udayi we-pisolitus utholakala endaweni ye-Holarctic, kodwa izinhlobo zawo ezitholakala eNingizimu Afrika nase-Asia, e-Afrika Ephakathi, e-Australia naseNew Zealand cishe zingezohlobo oluhlobene. Endaweni Yezwe Lethu, udayi we-pisolithus ungabonakala eNtshonalanga yeSiberia, eMpumalanga Ekude naseCaucasus. Isikhathi se-fruiting esebenzayo kakhulu senzeka ehlobo nasekuqaleni kwekwindla. Ikhula iyodwa noma ngamaqembu amancane.
Ukudaya i-pisolithus ikhula ikakhulukazi enhlabathini ene-asidi nempofu, ezindaweni ezigawuliwe emahlathini, ezimila kancane kancane, ezindaweni zokulahla uhlaza nasezinkwalini ezikhule kancane kancane. Nokho, la makhowe awasoze abonwa enhlabathini yohlobo lwe-limestone. Ayivamile ukumila emahlathini angakaze athintwe umuntu. Ingakha i-mycorrhiza nge-birch kanye nezihlahla ze-coniferous. I-mycorrhiza yangaphambili ene-eucalyptus, ubhabhulini nama-oki.
Ukudleka
Abaningi abacosha amakhowe babheka i-pisolithus tint njengekhowe elingadliwa, kodwa eminye imithombo ithi imizimba engakavuthwa yala makhowe ingadliwa ngokuphepha.
Amakhowe avuthiwe alolu hlobo asetshenziswa eningizimu yeYurophu njengesitshalo sikadayi wezobuchwepheshe, lapho kutholakala khona udayi ophuzi.
Izinhlobo ezifanayo kanye nokwehluka kuzo
Ukubukeka kwesici se-pisolitus yodayi, kanye nokuba khona kwe-multi-chamber gleba kuyo, kuvumela abaqoki bamakhowe ukuthi bahlukanise ngokushesha lawa makhowe kwezinye izinhlobo. Lolu hlobo lwamakhowe alunayo imizimba yezithelo efana nokubukeka.
Olunye ulwazi mayelana namakhowe
Igama elijwayelekile lekhowe elichaziwe livela emagameni amabili anezimpande zesiGreki: ipisos (okusho ukuthi “uphizi”) kanye ne-lithos (okuhunyushwe ngokuthi “itshe”). Udayi we-Pisolithus uqukethe into ekhethekile ebizwa nge-triterpene pizosterol. Ihlukanisiwe ne-fruiting body ye-fungus futhi isetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kwezidakamizwa ezingalwa ngokuphumelelayo nezimila ezisebenzayo.
I-Pisolitus dyer inamandla okukhula emhlabathini one-acidic kanye ne-nutrient. Leli khwalithi, futhi, linikeza isikhunta salolu hlobo ukubaluleka okubalulekile kwemvelo ukuze kubuyiselwe futhi kutshalwe amahlathi ezindaweni ezinenhlabathi enokuphazamiseka kwezobuchwepheshe. Uhlobo olufanayo lwesikhunta lusetshenziselwa ukutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi ezinkwalini nasezindaweni zokulahla.