I-Psychology

Pierre Marie Felix Janet (1859-1947) Isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo saseFrance, isazi sezifo zengqondo kanye nesazi sefilosofi.

Wafunda e-Higher Normal School nase-University of Paris, ngemva kwalokho waqala ukusebenza emkhakheni we-psychopathology eLe Havre. Wabuyela eParis ngo-1890 futhi waqokwa uJean Martin Charcot ukuthi aphathe ilabhorethri yezengqondo emtholampilo waseSalpêtrière. Ngo-1902 (kuze kube ngu-1936) waba uprofesa wezengqondo e-College de France.

Eqhubeka nomsebenzi kadokotela u-JM Charcot, wakha umqondo ongokwengqondo we-neuroses, okuthi, ngokusho kukaJean, kusekelwe ekwephuleni kwemisebenzi yokwenziwa kwengqondo, ukulahlekelwa ibhalansi phakathi kwemisebenzi yengqondo ephakeme nephansi. Ngokungafani ne-psychoanalysis, uJanet ubona izingxabano zengqondo hhayi umthombo wezinzwa, kodwa imfundo yesibili ehambisana nokuphulwa kwemisebenzi ephakeme yengqondo. Umkhakha wokuqulekile ulinganiselwe nguye ezinhlotsheni ezilula ze-psychic automatisms.

Ngama-20‒30s. UJanet wasungula ithiyori yengqondo evamile esekelwe ekuqondeni kwengqondo njengesayensi yokuziphatha. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokungafani nokuziphatha, uJanet akanciphisi ukuziphatha ezenzweni eziyisisekelo, kuhlanganise nokuqaphela ohlelweni lwengqondo. U-Janet ugcina imibono yakhe ku-psyche njengohlelo lwamandla olunamazinga amaningi okushuba okuhambisana nobunkimbinkimbi bemisebenzi yabo yengqondo ehambisanayo. Ngalesi sisekelo, uJanet wasungula uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lwezigaba zokuziphatha ukusuka ezenzweni ezilula kakhulu ukuya ezenzweni eziphakeme zobuhlakani. UJanet uthuthukisa indlela yomlando yengqondo yomuntu, egcizelela izinga lokuziphatha komphakathi; okuphuma kuyo kuyintando, inkumbulo, ukucabanga, ukuzazi. UJanet uxhumanisa ukuvela kolimi nokuthuthukiswa kwenkumbulo nemibono mayelana nesikhathi. Ukucabanga ngokofuzo ukubheka njengokuthatha indawo yesenzo sangempela, ukusebenza ngendlela yenkulumo yangaphakathi.

Wabiza umqondo wakhe ngokuthi i-psychology yokuziphatha, ngokusekelwe ezigabeni ezilandelayo:

  • "umsebenzi"
  • "umsebenzi"
  • "Isenzo"
  • "okuthambekela okuyisisekelo, okuphakathi nangaphezulu"
  • "amandla engqondo"
  • "ukucindezeleka kwengqondo"
  • "amazinga engqondo"
  • "Umnotho Wezengqondo"
  • "i-automatism yengqondo"
  • "amandla emilingo"

Kule mibono, uJanet wachaza i-neurosis, i-psychasthenia, i-hysteria, izinkumbulo ezibuhlungu, njll, ezahunyushwa ngesisekelo sobunye bokuvela kwemisebenzi yengqondo ku-phylogenesis kanye ne-ontogenesis.

Umsebenzi kaJanet uhlanganisa:

  • "Isimo sengqondo seziguli ezine-hysteria" ( L'tat mental des hystriques, 1892)
  • "Imiqondo yesimanje ye-hysteria" (Izincazelo ze-Quelques zamuva de l'hystrie, 1907)
  • "Ukuphulukiswa Kwengqondo" (Les mdications psychologiques, 1919)
  • "Imithi Yengqondo" (La mdicine psychologique, 1924) nezinye izincwadi eziningi nezindatshana.

shiya impendulo