Izibulala-zinambuzane namakhemikhali enyameni nasezitshalweni

Uma uthi nhlá, umuntu angase angakuboni ukuhlobana phakathi kokudla inyama kanye nezinkinga ezinkulu zemvelo ezinjengokufudumala kwembulunga yonke, ukwanda kogwadule, ukushabalala kwamahlathi asezindaweni ezishisayo kanye nokuvela kwemvula eneasidi. Eqinisweni, ukukhiqizwa kwenyama kuyinkinga enkulu yezinhlekelele eziningi zomhlaba. Akukhona kuphela ukuthi ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yobuso bembulunga iphenduka ugwadule, kodwa futhi izindawo zokulima ezingcono kakhulu ziye zasetshenziswa kakhulu kangangokuthi kakade seziqalile ukulahlekelwa ukuzala kwazo futhi ngeke zisanikeza isivuno esikhulu kangaka.

Kudala, abalimi babeshintshanisa amasimu abo, betshala isivuno esihlukile unyaka ngamunye iminyaka emithathu, kanti ngonyaka wesine abazange bahlwanyele nhlobo. Babiza ukushiya insimu “balala”. Le ndlela yayiqinisekisa ukuthi izitshalo ezahlukene zidla imisoco ehlukene unyaka nonyaka ukuze umhlabathi ukwazi ukuvunda. Njengoba ngemva kokuphela kweMpi Yezwe Elikhulu isidingo sokudla kwezilwane sakhula, lendlela kancane kancane ayizange isetshenziswe.

Abalimi manje bavame ukutshala isilimo esifanayo ensimini efanayo unyaka nonyaka. Okuwukuphela kwendlela yokuphuma iwukucebisa umhlabathi ngomanyolo wokwenziwa nezibulala-zinambuzane - izinto ezicekela phansi ukhula nezinambuzane. Isakhiwo senhlabathi siyaphazamiseka futhi siba brittle futhi singaphili futhi sibe nesimo sezulu kalula. Ingxenye yawo wonke umhlaba wezolimo e-UK manje isengcupheni yokuguquguquka noma ukuguguleka yimvula. Ngaphezu kwakho konke lokho, amahlathi ake amboza ingxenye enkulu yeziQhingi ZaseBrithani aye agawulwa ukuze kusele amaphesenti angaphansi kwamabili.

Ngaphezu kwama-90% amachibi, amachibi namaxhaphozi asekhishiwe ukuze kwakhiwe amasimu engeziwe okutshala ukudla kwemfuyo. Emhlabeni wonke isimo siyafana. Umanyolo wanamuhla usekelwe ku-nitrogen futhi ngeshwa akuwona wonke umanyolo osetshenziswa abalimi osala emhlabathini. Amanye akhukhulwa emifuleni nasemachibini, lapho i-nitrogen ingabangela khona izimbali ezinobuthi. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ulwelwe, oluvame ukukhula emanzini, luqala ukudla initrogen eyeqile, luqala ukukhula ngokushesha, futhi luvimbele ukukhanya kwelanga kwezinye izitshalo nezilwane. Ukuqhakaza okunjalo kungasebenzisa wonke umoya-mpilo osemanzini, ngaleyo ndlela kuvithize zonke izitshalo nezilwane. I-nitrogen nayo iphelela emanzini okuphuza. Ngaphambili, kwakunenkolelo yokuthi imiphumela yamanzi okuphuza agcwele i-nitrogen yayiwumdlavuza nesifo ezinganeni ezisanda kuzalwa lapho amangqamuzana egazi abomvu ahambisa umoya-mpilo abhujiswa futhi angafa ngenxa yokuntuleka komoya-mpilo.

I-British Medical Association ilinganisela ukuthi amaNgisi ayizigidi ezingu-5 aphuza njalo amanzi ane-nitrogen eningi. Izibulala-zinambuzane nazo ziyingozi. Lezi zibulala-zinambuzane zisakazeka kancane kancane kodwa ngokuqinisekile ngochungechunge lokudla, zigxila kakhulu, futhi uma sezingenile, kunzima kakhulu ukuziqeda. Cabanga nje ukuthi imvula igezisa izibulala-zinambuzane endaweni ethile iye emanzini aseduze, futhi ulwelwe lumunca amakhemikhali emanzini, izimfanzi ezincane zidla ulwelwe, futhi usuku nosuku lobu buthi bunqwabelana ngaphakathi emizimbeni yazo. Khona-ke inhlanzi idla izimfanzi ezinoshevu omningi, bese ubuthi bugcwala nakakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, le nyoni idla izinhlanzi eziningi, futhi ukugcwala kwezibulala-zinambuzane kuba kukhulu nakakhulu. Ngakho-ke lokho okwaqala njengekhambi elibuthakathaka lezibulala-zinambuzane echibini ngokusebenzisa uchungechunge lokudla kungase kugxilwe ngokuphindwe izikhathi ezingu-80000, ngokusho kweBritish Medical Association.

Indaba efanayo ngezilwane zasemapulazini ezidla okusanhlamvu okufuthwe ngezibulala-zinambuzane. Ubuthi bugcwala ezicutshini zezilwane bese buqina kakhulu emzimbeni womuntu odle inyama enoshevu. Namuhla, abantu abaningi banezinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane emizimbeni yabo. Nokho, inkinga inkulu nakakhulu kubantu abadla inyama ngoba inyama inezibulala-zinambuzane eziphindwe izikhathi ezingu-12 kunezithelo nemifino.

Incwadi yaseBrithani elawula izibulala-zinambuzane ithi “Ukudla okuvela ezilwaneni kuwumthombo oyinhloko wezinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane emzimbeni.” Nakuba engekho owazi kahle ukuthi lezi zibulala-zinambuzane ezigxilile zinamuphi umphumela kithi, odokotela abaningi, kuhlanganise namalungu eNhlangano Yezokwelapha YaseBrithani, bakhathazeke kakhulu. Banovalo lokuthi ukwanda kwezibulala-zinambuzane ezinqwabelene emzimbeni womuntu kungase kubangele umdlavuza futhi kunciphise izinga lokuzivikela komzimba.

I-Institute of Environmental Toxicology eNew York ilinganisela ukuthi unyaka ngamunye abantu abangaphezu kwesigidi emhlabeni wonke bahlushwa ubuthi bezibulala-zinambuzane futhi abangu-20000 babo bayafa. Ukuhlolwa okwenziwe inyama yenkomo yaseBrithani kubonise ukuthi amacala amabili kwayisikhombisa aqukethe i-diheldrin yamakhemikhali ngaphezu kwemingcele ebekwe yi-European Union. I-Diheldrin ibhekwa njengento eyingozi kakhulu, njengoba ngokusho kwe-World Health Organization, ingabangela ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa kanye nomdlavuza.

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