I-Peritonitis ibhekisa ku ukuvuvukala okukhulu kwe-peritoneum, ulwelwesi lumboza umgodi wesisu. Imvamisa yesizinda esithathelwanayo, i-peritonitis yakha i- eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha ngoba kungasongela impilo.

I-Peritonitis iyi- isifo esibuhlungu sokuvuvukala ku-isisu. Kwenzeka ncamashi ezingeni le-peritoneum, ulwelwesi oluzungeze i-viscera yomgodi wesisu.

Ngokuya ngobungako nangendlela yokuvuvukala, i-peritonitis ingacatshangelwa:

• i-peritonitis eyenziwe yaba yendawo ;
• i-peritonitis ejwayelekile.

Lokhu kuvuvukala kungabuye kwahlukaniswa ngokwemvelaphi yayo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko:

• i-peritonitis eyinhloko okungenxa yokutheleleka okuzenzakalelayo nokungabikho kokuqala kwezilonda ngaphakathi kwesisu;
• peritonitis yesibili, okuvame kakhulu, okubangelwa ukutheleleka ngenxa yesilonda esiswini kanye nokuba khona kokugxila kokutheleleka esiswini.

I-Peritonitis ivame ukuba nemvelaphi yokutheleleka.

Lapho ukutheleleka kwe-peritoneum kwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo, i-peritonitis kuthiwa iyinhloko futhi kungenzeka ngenxa yezinhlobo ezahlukene ze-pathogenic. Kwenziwa umehluko ikakhulukazi phakathi kwe-pneumococcal peritonitis kanye ne-peritonitis enesifo.

Ukumelela i-90% yokuvuvukala okukhulu kwe-peritoneum, i-peritonitis yesibili ingabangelwa:

• ukutheleleka ngaphakathi noma esiswini noma ukugcotshwa, njenge-appendicitis, ukugcotshwa kwesilonda se-peptic, i-sigmoid diverticulitis, noma i-cholecystitis;
• umcimbi ngemuva kokusebenza, okungenzeka uma kwenzeka ukungcoliswa kwe-intraoperative noma ukuhlangana kwe-anastomotic;
• umcimbi ngemuva kokuhlukumezeka, okungaba yisilonda esingena ngaphakathi, ukuhlukumezeka okuvaliwe nge-perforation, ischemia yokugaya ukudla, ukugcotshwa kwe-endoscopic, noma ukugcotshwa komzimba wangaphandle.

I-Peritonitis ingenziwa ibe ngeyasendaweni noma isabalale emzimbeni wonke. Lokhu kubizwa nge-sepsis. I-peritonitis ejwayelekile i- eziphuthumayo zezokwelapha ngoba yenza ukubikezelwa okubalulekile.

I-Peritonitis ibonakala ngokuvela kobuhlungu obukhulu besisu, okwenziwe endaweni noma obujwayelekile, bokuqubuka okungazelelwe noma okuqhubekayo. Lobuhlungu besisu buhlotshaniswa nenkontileka yemisipha yebhande lesisu. Eqinile, ithoni, ihlala unomphela futhi ibuhlungu, lesi sivumelwano sesisu sivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "isisu sokhuni".

Ngaphezu kobuhlungu esiswini, i-peritonitis ingaletha nezinye izimpawu ezinjenge:

• ukuhlanza;
• ukumisa indle;
• isifo sohudo;
• izimpawu ezithathelwanayo ezifana nomkhuhlane;
• ukukhathala okukhulu;
• ukuwohloka kwesimo esijwayelekile.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-peritonitis kungadinga izivivinyo ezihlukile njenge:

• ukuhlolwa komtholampilo ukuhlola izimpawu ezibonakalayo;
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola ukutholakala kwamagciwane;
• ukuhlolwa kwe-imaging yezokwelapha, njenge-x-ray noma i-ultrasound, ukubona ngeso lengqondo umgodi wesisu.

Uma kwenzeka ukutheleleka okuzenzakalelayo, i-peritonitis eyinhloko idinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela ukuthola nokwelapha i-pathogen. Ngaphambi kokuba kutholakale uhlobo oluthathelwanayo, imishanguzo yesikhashana yama-antibiotic ivame ukusetshenziswa.

Njenge-peritonitis eyinhloko, i-peritonitis yesibili idinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela nokwelashwa kwama-antibiotic. Kodwa-ke, futhi kuvame ukususelwa ekwelashweni okuhlinzekwayo okuqukethe ukukhipha isiza esithathelanayo esiswini. Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa kuncike emsukeni nakwinkambo ye-peritonitis. Isibonelo kungaba:

• i-appendectomy, okungukususwa ngokuphelele kwesithasiselo;
• umthungo wesilonda peptic;
• i-gastrectomy, okungukukhishwa kwesisu ngokwengxenye noma okuphelele;
• i-colectomy, okungukususwa kwekholoni.

Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kwe-peritonitis yesibili kuvame ukuhambisana nendlu yangasese ye-peritoneal, esusa uketshezi lwe-peritoneal olunegciwane.