Umqondo wenhlekelele ebusheni usuhambe ibanga elide kangangokuthi abanye baye bathi ukungabi bikho kwayo kukhombisa ukubikezelwa kokungalingani ukufika ebudaleni.

Konke kuqala ngombono owasungulwa nguStanley Hall ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-XNUMXth ongeke ucabange ubusha ngaphandle " indlela ende futhi enzima yokwenyuka ”Emakwe ngu” isivunguvungu nokuhlangenwe nakho kokucindezeleka "," izikhathi zesiyaluyalu nokungaqiniseki "Noma" izinhlobo zokuziphatha, kusukela kokungazinzile nokungabikezeleki kuye kokubi kakhulu futhi okuphazamisekile. »

UPeter Blos naye uyalandela, egcizelela ” ukungezwani okungenakugwenywa nezingxabano ezidalwa yisidingo sengane sokuzimela ngaphandle kwabazali bayo ", Kanye nabanye ochwepheshe bezesayensi yezenhlalakahle (uColeman ngaleso sikhathi uKeniston) lowo okuhlangenwe nakho kwentsha okuholela kuye" izingxabano phakathi kwabantu abasha nabazali bazo naphakathi kwesizukulwane sentsha nezizukulwane zabantu abadala ".

Ngo-1936, i-Debesse yanyatheliswa Inkinga yemvelaphi yobusha okuvala uphawu lwesithombe sobusha, unodlame, indlwabu, ukungahloniphi nokuphazamisa. Kuqiniswe kabusha yi ” inkolelo yokuthi izizukulwane zentsha zibhajwe ezingxabanweni ezibhubhisayo », Iziphakamiso mayelana nale nkinga yobunikazi ngesikhathi sobusha bese zibekwa kancane kepha ngokuqinisekile, ngaphandle kokubheka amazwi avela kolunye uhlangothi.

Kodwa-ke, ukuhlanganisa igama elithi "inkinga", elibhekisela ku " ukuwohloka okungazelelwe kwesimo se-pathological », Emgudwini wokuphila, kungabonakala kungathandeki, ngisho nonya. Ngakho-ke isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo uJulian Dalmasso sikhetha umbono waleso sikhathi ” okunqumayo okungaba yingozi ”Kunalokho” kubucayi futhi kuyazisola ". 

Eqinisweni, ucwaningo lwama-empirical, olunikeze inani elikhulu kakhulu ledatha, aluqinisekisi nganoma iyiphi indlela iqiniso lenhlekelele ebusheni. Ngokuphambene nalokho, lezi zivuna ukuzinza okuthile ngokomzwelo kwentsha, ephikisana nesithombe sabantu abasha abacindezelekile, abanobudlova nabangenanhlonipho abanikezwa nguHall, Freud nabanye abaningi.

Ukungqubuzana okudumile phakathi kwentsha nabazali akubonakali kungokoqobo ngokwezifundo eziqinisekisa ukuthi ” iphethini ejwayelekile yobudlelwano phakathi kwezizukulwane zentsha kanye nabantu abadala inokuzwana okuningi kunokuxabana, ukuthanda kakhulu kunokuzihlukanisa nokuzinikela okukhulu kunokwenqaba impilo yomndeni “. Ngakho-ke ukunqotshwa kokuzimela kanye nobuwena akubandakanyi ukuqhekeka nokuhlukaniswa. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ababhali abanjengoPetersen, uRutter noma uRaja sebeqalile ukuhlanganisa “ ukungqubuzana okukhulu nabazali "," ukwehla njalo komndeni "," ukunamathela okubuthakathaka kubazali ngesikhathi sobusha »« ukuziphatha okungafani “, Kusuka” izimo zokucindezeleka okuqhubekayo ”Futhi” izinkomba ezinhle zokungalungiswa kahle kwengqondo ".

Imiphumela yenkulumo egxile emcabangweni wenhlekelele miningi. Kulinganiselwa ukuthi le mbono ibizolungiswa ” wacabanga ngokuqinile ngabasebenzi bezokwelapha abakhethekile "Futhi uzofaka isandla" ukungaqapheli wonke amandla amasha anikezwa inqubo yengqondo ewubusha, ngengozi yokungaboni izici zayo ezinhle; ukubamba ubusha ngokukha phezulu kuphela “. Ngeshwa, njengoba u-Weiner ebhala, " lapho nje izinganekwane zichuma, kunzima kakhulu ukuziqeda. "

Intsha incike ekuguqulweni okuningi, kungaba ngokomzimba, ngokwengqondo noma ngokuziphatha:

Entombazaneni : ukuthuthukiswa kwamabele, izitho zangasese, ukukhula kwezinwele, ukuqala kokuya esikhathini sokuqala.

Emfaneni : ushintsho lwezwi, ukukhula kwezinwele, ukukhula kwamathambo nokuphakama, i-spermatogenesis.

Kubo bobabili ubulili : ukuguqulwa kwesimo somzimba, ukwanda komthamo wemisipha, amandla omzimba, ukuguqulwa kwesithombe somzimba, ukulungiswa kokubukeka komzimba kwangaphandle, ukuthambekela okuhlukahlukene kokudlulela, ekuhlanzekeni okungabazekayo kanye nokungazinzi, isidingo sokuhlukana nobuntwana, izifiso zayo, imigomo yayo, izinhlobo zayo zokuhlonza, ukuguqulwa okujulile ezingeni lokuqonda nokuziphatha, ukutholwa komcabango wokusebenza osemthethweni (uhlobo lokucabanga olufanelekile njengolungabonakali, olucatshangelwayo-oludonsayo, oluyinhlanganisela noluneziphakamiso).

Izinkinga zempilo yentsha

Isikhathi sokuthomba yinkathi eyenza abantu babe nezifo ezithile, lapha kukhona ezinye ezivame kakhulu.

Dysmorphophobias. Ngokuxhunyaniswa nezinguquko zokuthomba, zikhomba ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo okubonakala ngokukhathazeka ngokweqile noma ukuthatheka okunokukhubazeka ekubukekeni, ngisho nokungapheleli okuncane nakuba kungokoqobo. Uma into yokwakheka ibonakala ingahambisani nayo, osemusha uzojwayela ukugxila kuyo futhi alingise.

I-Spasmophilia. Efaniswa nokuxubha isikhumba, izinkontileka nobunzima bokuphefumula, ikhathaza kakhulu osemusha.

Ukuphathwa yikhanda nobuhlungu besisu. Lokhu kungavela ngemva kokungqubuzana noma isiqephu sokucindezeleka.

Ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla kanye nobuhlungu beqolo. Kuthiwa zithinta cishe ikota yentsha kaninginingi.

Ukuphazamiseka kokulala. Ebhekelene nengxenye yemizwa yokukhathala okukhulu abathi bayizisulu, ukuphazamiseka kokulala kubonakala ikakhulu ngobunzima bokulala nasekuvukeni.

Ukufafaza, ukuphuka, isiyezi, ukushaywa uvalo, ukujuluka nomphimbo obuhlungu kuqedela isithombe sakudala sentsha.