I-percentile isilinganiso esisetshenziswa odokotela bezingane ukurekhoda ukukhula ngokomzimba kwengane ngendlela yethebula. Lokhu kukhona kurekhodi lempilo yengane futhi kungaboniswana nabazali nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

I-percentile ingumehluko phakathi kwesilinganiso esitholelwe umuntu ngamunye kanye nephesenti elitholwa iningi elifanayo ngeminyaka yobudala nobulili. Lokho kusho ukuthi intombazanyana eneminyaka engu-6, enesilinganiso esingu-1m24 izothathwa njengengaphandle kwejwayelekile wumhlaba wezokwelapha ngoba isilinganiso sicishe sibe ngu-1m15.

Intombazanyana ibe sedlula amapheya ayo ngo-8%. Lokhu kunikeza ijika elingaphezu kwesilinganiso etafuleni. Kodwa lezi zibalo ziyisisekelo sokubhekwa futhi ochwepheshe bavumelanisa ukuxilongwa kwabo ngokuya ngezici eziningana ezihlanganisa umjikelezo wekhanda, isisindo, izakhi zofuzo zomndeni, njll.

I-percentile iyunithi yezibalo evumela ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuthi banqume ukuthi ingane ingaphakathi kwesimiso esijwayelekile ngokwesisindo sayo, ubude kanye nesiyingi sekhanda. Le yunithi ibalwa ngokusekelwe kudatha enikezwa yi-World Health Organization (WHO), unyaka ngamunye. Kusukela ngo-2018, amathebula ashintshile futhi acabangela izinzuzo zolwazi njengezimo zezibalo nobulili, intombazane noma umfana.

Amathebula awusizo ekuxwayiseni ngokungalingani ekukhuleni kwengane, ngokomzimba nangokwemoto. Izigameko zokuthuthukiswa kwezimoto eziphazamisekile zingaba nemiphumela ngempela ezingeni lemoto: uma ingane, ngokwesibonelo, ikhubazekile, kungase kube nzima kakhulu ukuthi isebenzise izinto zesikole, isihlalo, itafula, njll, okungeke kube sezingeni layo. ukuphakama. Esinye isibonelo, umfana oneminyaka engu-3 ubudala oziveza kabi angase abe nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo kodwa futhi abe nokukhubazeka kokukhula futhi udokotela wezingane uzosebenzisa ijika ukuze ahlole ukuthi ukuhlukumezeka kwenzeke esikhathini esithile empilweni yakhe.

Ulwazi olukulawa mathebula luphathelene nezingane ezifika eminyakeni engu-18. Irekhodi labo lezempilo kufanele ligcwaliswe udokotela okhona kuze kube yile minyaka. Lokhu kwenza kube lula ukuqoqa idatha ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwabo futhi bakwazi ukubhekisela kuyo uma kunesidingo ngesikhathi sokusebenza noma ukuphazamiseka okungazelelwe.

Abazali abagunyaziwe ukugcwalisa amatafula, ochwepheshe bezempilo kuphela abanalokhu kugunyazwa. Idatha eyiphutha ingase ibeke engozini ukulandelelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele kwengane futhi ibangele ukudideka okukhulu ekwelashweni kwezokwelapha ngemva kwalokho.

Lapho eneminyaka engu-18 ubudala, abezokwelapha babheka ukukhula cishe okuphelele. Yebo kuncike kumuntu ngamunye, kunomehluko omkhulu phakathi kwamantombazane nabafana. Amantombazane aqala ukukhula kwawo kusenesikhathi futhi aphinde akuqede ngaphambi kwabangane bawo besilisa njengoba amahomoni nokwanda kwawo kwehluka ngokuya ngofuzo, indlela yokudla, isipiliyoni salowo nalowo.

Lapho udokotela wezingane ehlola amajika, uhlaziya izici ezihlukahlukene zokukhula futhi ahlele ukulawula kwakhe ngendlela efanele. Uma, ngokwesibonelo, ijika le-cranial lingaphandle kwejwayelekile, uzodlulisela ingane nabazali bayo kosebenza naye onguchwepheshe bezinkinga zengqondo ukuze ahlole ukuthi lokhu kuphazamiseka kubangelwa kuphela ukukhula okungavamile noma uma kuhambisana nezifo zengqondo ezifana nalezi. njenge-autism noma abanye. Ochwepheshe kuphela abafana nodokotela bengqondo yezingane noma odokotela bengqondo yezingane abazokwazi ukuphendula imibuzo yabazali.

Akukho ukuxilonga okungasungulwa ngaphandle kweseluleko sochwepheshe abavela kochwepheshe abambalwa futhi kusekupheleni kokuhlola okuhlukahlukene lapho kunganikezwa impendulo ebambekayo. Ukubeka amagama kulezi zinyathelo ezingajwayelekile-ke kuwukusekela kwangempela kwabasondelene nabo.

Kunezinkomba ezincwadini zezokwelapha ezisivumela ukuba siqonde ukubukeka kwazo. Amasayithi afana ne-National Syndicate of the Order of General Practitioners noma izinhlangano ezixhumene nokuphazamiseka okuhlobene nezifo zengqondo zingadlulisela ulwazi oluthembekile.

Kukhona futhi izikhungo zezingcingo zamahhala njengalezo zemiphakathi ehlangene ezingasiza ekuphenduleni imibuzo ethile yezezimali kwasekuqaleni, njengokwesekwa, ukusekelwa okungenzeka, izinkontileka ezithile, njll. Abazali banethuba lokuphelezelwa kulezi zinyathelo ochwepheshe be i-PMI (Center for Maternal Child Protection), ekhona emnyangweni ngamunye. Laba basebenzi bezempilo baqeqeshelwe ukulalela izikhalo ngezingane ezincane kanye nokukhula kwazo.

Udokotela okhona uzokwazi futhi ukuqondisa nokusekela abazali emizamweni yabo. Odokotela bezingane bangochwepheshe ekuthuthukiseni izingane ezincane, kodwa udokotela womndeni uyakwazi ukwazisa abazali futhi abaqinisekise.