Okuqukethwe
I-Pavon, i-peacock pavon, i-peacock bass - lawa akuwona wonke amagama asetshenziswa e-Latin America kanye nemvelo yabakhuluma isiNgisi kuzinhlanzi ezinkulu, ezinemibala egqamile zomndeni wama-cichlid. Phakathi kwamagama okudoba olimi lwesiRashiya, amagama avame ukukhulunywa ngawo: i-peacock perch noma i-butterfly perch. Eminyakeni yamuva, ama-aquarists abonise isithakazelo esikhulu kulezi zinhlanzi. Ezindaweni ezizungezile, lapho kuchazwa izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobonhlobo zamanzi ashisayo ashisayo, amagama esiLatini avame ukusetshenziswa. Lapho, ama-peacock perches aqanjwa ngegama lomndeni: i-cichla, i-cichlid. Lokhu ukubukeka okuhlukahlukene kakhulu. Lapho uchaza i-subspecies ehlukahlukene, izengezo zivame ukusetshenziswa, njengokuthi: amabala, i-motley nabanye. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi le nhlanzi yaziwa kahle, ososayensi abanakho ukuvumelana ngaso sonke isikhathi mayelana nendlela yokuhlukanisa phakathi kwamafomu amaningi, ama-subspecies, noma ukuhlukaniswa kwezinhlobo ezihlukene. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuyaziwa ukuthi kukho konke ukuphila, lapho izimo zishintsha, izinhlanzi azishintshi nje ngobukhulu, kodwa futhi ngesimo somzimba nombala, okubuye kube nzima ukuhlukaniswa. Kwesinye isikhathi basho amagama encazelweni anjengokuthi: umdondoshiya, omncane, njalo njalo.
Izici ezivamile ze-peacock perches zingabhekwa njengomzimba omfushane, ofana nesimo kuma-perciformes amaningi, ikhanda elikhulu elinomlomo omkhulu. I-dorsal fin inemisebe eqinile futhi ihlukaniswa ngonotshi. Umzimba umbozwe amachashazi amaningi, imithende emnyama ephambanayo, njll. Kwi-pectoral, i-ventral fins kanye nengxenye engezansi ye-caudal, umbala obomvu ogqamile uyisici. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi, isici esivamile kuwo wonke ama-cichlids aseNingizimu Melika, ukutholakala kwendawo emnyama, kuhlaka olukhanyayo, emsila womzimba. Leli "iso elivikelayo", ezinhlanzini ezahlukene, livezwa ngezinga elikhulu noma elincane. Lokhu cishe kuyisici sombala ovikelayo ovimbela ezinye izilwane ezidla ezinye, njengama-piranhas nezinye. Izinhlanzi ze-peacock zibonakala nge-dimorphism yocansi. Lokhu kuvezwa kwezinye izakhi zombala, kanye nokwakheka kwabesilisa kokukhula kwangaphambili. Nakuba abanye abacwaningi beveza ukuthi abesifazane nabo banokukhula okufanayo. Le nhlanzi ikhetha ukuhlala ezingxenyeni ezigeleza kancane zomfula, phakathi kwe-algae nama-snags, izihlahla ezigcwele izikhukhula nezinye izithiyo. Ihlala ezindaweni ezingaphansi komfula ezinenhlabathi eyisihlabathi noma yamatshe amancane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, inhlanzi i-thermophilic kakhulu, idinga izinga lamanzi nokugcwala komoya-mpilo. Endabeni yomthelela we-anthropogenic emzimbeni wamanzi, isibonelo, ngesikhathi sokuhlelwa kwamadamu, inani labantu liyancipha kakhulu. Esinye sezizathu ukuthi amaphigogo awaqhudelani kahle nezinhlobo ezintsha, ezethulwe. Kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinhlanzi zajwayelana, ngemva kokufuduka okuzenzela, emachibini aseNingizimu Florida. Njengamanje, alukho usongo lokuqothulwa kwezinhlobo zezilwane, kodwa ezinye izakhamuzi ezincane zisasengozini. Intsha ivamise ukwakha amaqoqo amancane, amakhulu ahlala ngababili. Ubukhulu bezinhlanzi bungafinyelela cishe ku-1 m ubude no-12 kg ngesisindo. I-Pavona ayidli nje ngezinhlanzi kuphela, kodwa futhi nama-crustaceans ahlukahlukene nezinye izilwane ezingenamgogodla, kuhlanganise nalezo eziwela phezulu. Abantu abakhulu bahlasela izinyoni nezilwane zasemhlabeni eziwele emanzini. Inhlanzi ikhetha izindlela zokuzingela ezicashile, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo, ihamba ngenkuthalo kuzo zonke izingqimba zamanzi.
Izindlela zokudoba
Le nhlanzi ithole ukuduma okukhulu kakhulu ngenxa yokudoba kwezemidlalo. Izinhlanzi zibaluleke kakhulu kubadobi bendawo. Iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu ekudobeni kwabons ukuthola izindawo zokuhlala izinhlanzi. Ekudobeni kokuzijabulisa, izinsiza zokudoba zokuphotha nokundiza zivame ukusetshenziswa. Ukuthandwa kwalolu hlobo lwe-ichthyofauna phakathi kwabathandi bokudoba ezindaweni ezishisayo akukona nje kuphela ukungafinyeleleki kwezindawo ezihlala kuzo, kodwa futhi nolaka lwezinhlanzi ngokwazo lapho zihlasela. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-peacock perches angaqaphela kakhulu futhi acwebe, akhuthele kakhulu lapho ehuka futhi avame ukuphuma ezingwegweni. Elinye iphuzu elikhangayo lapho ukuzingela lezi zinhlanzi yinani elikhulu lezintingo izinhlanzi ezisabela kuzo, kuhlanganise naphezu kwamanzi.
Ukubamba izinhlanzi phezu kwenduku yokuphotha
Isici esinqumayo ekukhetheni izinto zokuphotha izimo zokudoba emifuleni emahlathini emvula. Ezimweni eziningi, ukudoba kwenzeka ezikebheni, ukulingisa okukhulu nokunamandla kwezinto zokuzingela kusebenza njenge-bait. Izimo zokudoba zingadinga ibanga elide, ukulingwa okunembile kuzithiyo eziningi - amahlathi agcwele amanzi, ama-snags, izihlahla ezilengayo, nokunye. Kubandakanya, ukudonsa ngempoqo kanye nokushanela okucacile, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka. Ochwepheshe abaningi bayeluleka ukusebenzisa izinduku ezisheshayo, eziphakathi. Njengamanje, inani elikhulu lezinhlobo ezikhethekile zamafomu akhiqizwa ukugqwayiza okuhlukahlukene kwezinto ezihehayo, okuhlanganisa nalezo ezingaphezulu. Ngakho-ke, ilungelo lokuzikhethela lihlala kumdobi, ecabangela ulwazi lwakhe. Ukudoba, ngaphansi kwezimo zomfula oshisayo, akwenzi kube nokwenzeka ukuba kutholakale uhlobo olulodwa lwezinhlanzi kuphela, ngakho-ke ukudoba kufanele kube yindawo yonke, kodwa "ngesici samandla" esikhulu. Lokhu kusebenza ngokuyinhloko emigqeni yokudoba esetshenzisiwe, izintambo, ama-leashes nezinye izesekeli ezihlukahlukene. Ama-reels kufanele abe nesistimu yokubhuleka engenazinkathazo, izinketho zokuzilungisa zingase zehluke futhi zincike ekuthandeni kanye nolwazi lomdobi. Ungakhohlwa ukuthi ama-trophies e-peacock bass angaba makhulu kakhulu.
Fly ukudoba
Ukudoba izinhlanzi zasezindaweni ezishisayo zasemanzini ahlanzekile kuya ngokuya kuduma emphakathini odoba impukane. Ukudoba kuhluke kakhulu futhi kudinga amakhono engeziwe, ngisho nakubadobi bezimpukane abanolwazi lokubamba izilwane ezidla ama-salmon namanye amanzi anzima. Izindlela zokukhethwa kwegiya ziyefana, njengokuphotha. Okokuqala, lezi ziwukuthembeka kwama-reels, inani elikhulu lokusekela kanye nezinduku ezinamandla zesandla esisodwa zamakilasi aphezulu. U-Pawon, phakathi kwabadobi, unedumela “njengeqhwaga lamanzi ahlanzekile” eliphula izikhali futhi “ngonya” licekele phansi ukudlalo. Ngaphambi kohambo, kuyadingeka ukucacisa ukuthi yimaphi ama-baits asetshenziswa kangcono endaweni esinikeziwe, ngenkathi ethile.
Amahubo
Ukukhethwa kwezintambo zokuphotha, okokuqala, kuncike ekuhlangenwe nakho komdobi. Izinhlanzi zisabela emalini amaningi akhiqizwayo, kodwa ukwethembeka kuyiphuzu elibalulekile. Amathuba okubamba izinhlanzi ezintini ze-silicone aphakeme kakhulu, kodwa ukuthi izohlala injalo ngemva kokulunywa umbuzo omkhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezincintisanayo, ezinezimbotshana ezenziwe ngezinto ezibuthakathaka, ama-nozzle kuphela ashintshayo angeke alinde ukuthunjwa kwendondo efiselekayo. Okufanayo kusebenza nokudoba izindiza, ama-streamers asetshenziswa lapho kudotshwa ama-butterfly bass kumele abe namandla kakhulu, anezingwegwe eziqinile futhi abe nenani elanele. Kungase kube ukuhlakanipha ukuletha izinto ezengeziwe kanye namathuluzi okuluka ama-bait nawe.
Izindawo zokudoba kanye nezindawo zokuhlala
Indawo yokusabalalisa yama-pavons, ama-cichlids, ama-peacock bas athatha indawo enkulu yemifula yaseNingizimu Melika, ezindaweni zaseBrazil, eVenezuela, ePeru, eColombia nakwezinye izifundazwe. Phakathi kwemifula kufanele kukhulunywe ngayo: i-Amazon, i-Rio Negro, i-Madeira, i-Orinoco, i-Branco, i-Araguya, i-Ayapok, i-Solimos neminye imifula eminingi yemigodi yabo. Kodwa izindawo zokusabalalisa zinganqunyelwa ngenxa yezizathu zemvelo noma ngenxa yomsebenzi womuntu.
Ukuzalela
Izinhlanzi zivuthwa ngokobulili lapho zineminyaka engu-1-2 ubudala. Ngaphambi kokuzalela, ama-cichlid ahlanza izinebe noma amatshe ngaphandle, lapho insikazi izalela khona, bese, kanye neyeduna, iqapha ukubekela amaqanda nezinsana. Ukuzala kuyahlukaniswa, kuthatha usuku. Ngemva kokuba inhlanzi esencane isiphila ngokuzimele, ingase idliwe abazali bayo.