Okuqukethwe
I-custody: indawo yokuhlala yengane nabazali
Okokuqala, umntwana unesibopho sokuhlala nabazali bakhe. Laba bakamuva banelungelo kanye nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi “ukugcina” umsebenzi. Balungisa indawo yokuhlala yengane yabo ekhaya. Esimweni sesehlukaniso, ukusetshenziswa kwegunya labazali kuyaqhubeka kuqinisekiswa umzali (abazali) ngokwesinqumo sejaji lenkantolo yomndeni. Mayelana nokuhlala kwengane, kuyisinqumo senkantolo ngesicelo sabazali. Kuphakathi kokuthi umama uthola ilungelo lokuhlala yedwa, ingane ihlala ekhaya futhi ibona uyise njalo ngezinye izimpelasonto. Kuphakathi kokuthi ijaji litusa indawo yokuhlala eshintshanayo, futhi ingane ihlala isonto ngalinye nomzali ngamunye. Ezinye izindlela zokuhlela impilo zingenzeka: izinsuku ezi-2 kuya kwezi-3 kokukodwa, isonto lonke kwesinye (imvamisa kubantwana abancane).
Umthetho ubuye uhlinzeke ngokuthi “ingane angeke, ngaphandle kwemvume kayise nonina, ishiye ikhaya lomndeni futhi ingasuswa kuphela uma kunesidingo esinqunywe umthetho” (isihloko 371-3 se-Civil Code).
Uma ilungelo lokugcina liyilungelo, futhi kuwumsebenzi. Abazali banomthwalo wemfanelo wezindlu nokuvikela ingane yabo. Abazali abasengozini yokuzenzakalelayo yokuhoxiswa kwegunya labazali. Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, inkantolo yobugebengu ingalahla abazali "ngecala lokunganaki ingane", icala elijeziswa iminyaka emihlanu ejele kanye nenhlawulo yama-euro angu-75.
Amalungelo abazali: ukufunda nokufundisa
Abazali kufanele bafundise ingane yabo, bayinikeze imfundo yokuziphatha, yezomphakathi, yenkolo neyobulili. Umthetho waseFrance ubeka umgomo mayelana nemfundo yesikole: isikole siyimpoqo kusukela eminyakeni eyisi-6 kuye kweyi-16. Abazali kufanele babhalise izingane zabo esikoleni lapho zineminyaka engu-6 kamuva. Nokho, bagcina ithuba lokumfundisa ekhaya. Nokho, ukungawuhloniphi lo mthetho kubachaya ekujezisweni, ikakhulukazi izinyathelo zemfundo ezimenyezelwe ijaji lezingane. Lona wakamuva uyangenela lapho umntwana esengozini noma lapho izimo zemfundo yakhe noma ukukhula kwakhe kuphazamiseka kakhulu. Ingakwazi uku-oda ukubekwa kwengane, isibonelo, noma usizo lwabazali ngesevisi ekhethekile eletha usizo nezeluleko zokunqoba ubunzima.
Umsebenzi wabazali wokugada
Vikela impilo, ukuphepha kanye nokuziphatha kwengane kusho lokho okubizwa ngokuthi umsebenzi wokuqondisa. Abazali kudingeka bagade ingane yabo ngokulawula ukuthi ikuphi, bonke ubudlelwano bayo (umndeni, abangani nabajwayelene nabo), izincwadi zabo ezibhalelana nabo nakho konke ukuxhumana kwabo (ama-imeyili, ucingo). Abazali bangayenqabela ingane yabo encane ukuba ibe nobuhlobo nabantu abathile uma inomuzwa wokuthi iphambene nezithakazelo zayo.
Amalungelo abazali kumele aguquke ngezigaba ezahlukene zempilo. Ingane ingafuna ukuzimela okuthile, njengoba ikhula, njengasebusheni, ingahileleka ezinqumweni eziwuthintayo uma isikhule ngokwanele.