Ake sithi ngokushesha: ukuhlaselwa kwe-panic akuyona inkinga ekude, kodwa ukugula okunzima. Ngokuvamile uzohlangana nelinye igama elifana nethi “anxiety attack”.
UC. Weil Wright, Ph.D., isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo nomqondisi wezocwaningo namaphrojekthi akhethekile we-American Psychological Association uthi: “Ukuhlaselwa kokukhathazeka kuyigama elivamile. - I-panic attack isiqephu sokwesaba okukhulu okungavela ngokuzumayo futhi ngokuvamile ukuphakama phakathi nemizuzu eyi-10.".
Umuntu angase angabi sengozini yangempela futhi aqhubeke ehlaselwa wuvalo, oluqeda amandla futhi ludla amandla. Ngokusho kwe-Anxiety and Depression Association of America, izimpawu ezivamile zokuhlaselwa kwe-panic yilezi:
- Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo nokushaya kwenhliziyo
- Profuse ukujuluka
– Ukuthuthumela
- Ukuphefumula kanzima noma umuzwa wokuphelelwa umoya
– Ubuhlungu besifuba
– Isicanucanu noma ukucanuzela kwesisu
– Isiyezi, ubuthakathaka
- Ukugodola noma umkhuhlane
– Ukuba ndikindiki kanye nokuluma kwezitho
- Derization (umuzwa ongelona iqiniso) noma depersonalization (ukuphazamiseka kokuzibona)
- Ukwesaba ukulahlekelwa ukulawula noma ukusangana
– Ukwesaba ukufa
Yini ebangela ukwethuka?
Ukwethuka kungase kubangelwe into ethile eyingozi noma isimo, kodwa kungase futhi kube ukuthi asikho isizathu sokuphazamiseka. Kwenzeka ukuthi lapho umuntu ebhekene nokuhlaselwa kwe-panic esimweni esithile, uqala ukwesaba ukuhlasela okusha futhi ngazo zonke izindlela ukugwema izimo ezingase zibangele. Futhi ngaleyo ndlela uqala ukuzwa ukwanda kwe-panic disorder.
“Ngokwesibonelo, abantu abane-panic disorder bangabona uphawu oluthambile, njengokukhuphuka kwenhliziyo. Bakuhumusha njengokubi, okubenza bakhathazeke kakhulu, bese kusuka lapho kuba wukwethuka,” kusho uWright.
Ingabe izinto ezithile zingenza umuntu ahlaselwe uvalo?
Impendulo yalo mbuzo iyadumaza: ukuhlaselwa ukwesaba kungenzeka kunoma ubani. Nokho, kunezici eziningana ezingafaka umuntu engozini.
Ngokusho kuka-2016, abesifazane banamathuba aphindwe kabili okuba nokukhathazekakunamadoda. Ngokusho kwababhali balolu cwaningo, lokhu kungenxa yokwehluka kwamakhemikhali obuchopho nama-hormone, kanye nendlela abesifazane ababhekana ngayo nokucindezeleka. Kwabesifazane, impendulo yokucindezeleka isebenza ngokushesha kunakwabesilisa futhi ihlala isebenza isikhathi eside ngenxa yamahomoni e-estrogen ne-progesterone. Abesifazane futhi abakhiqizi i-neurotransmitter serotonin ngokushesha, edlala indima ebalulekile ekucindezelekeni nasekukhathazekeni.
Izakhi zofuzo zingadlala indima enkulu ekuxilongeni ukuphazamiseka kokwethuka. Ngo-2013, kwatholakala ukuthi abantu abane-panic attack banofuzo olubizwa nge-NTRK3 olwandisa ukwesaba nokusabela kulo.
Uma umuntu enenkinga yokunye ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, okuhlanganisa ukucindezeleka, angase ahlaselwe uvalo. Ezinye izinkinga zokukhathazeka, ezifana ne-social phobia noma i-obsessive-compulsive disorder, nazo zitholakale zandisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa ukwesaba.
Akukhona kuphela isici sofuzo esingaba nendima. Indlela umuntu aziphatha ngayo nendlela aziphatha ngayo incike endaweni akhulele kuyo.
“Uma ukhule nomzali noma ilungu lomndeni elinenkinga yokukhathazeka, kungenzeka nawe wenze kanjalo,” kusho uWright.
Ezinye, ikakhulukazi izinto ezicindezela imvelo njengokuphelelwa umsebenzi noma ukushonelwa othandekayo, nazo zingabangela ukwesaba.
Ingabe ukwethuka kungalapheka?
“Ngicabanga ukuthi ukwethuka kungasabisa, abantu bangadikibala, kodwa ziningi izinto ezingenziwa ukubhekana nazo' Kuphendula Wright.
Okokuqala, uma ukhathazeke kakhulu nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ongase ube nazo ngesikhathi sokuhlaselwa ukwesaba (njengezinkinga zenhliziyo), kufanele ubone udokotela. Uma udokotela enquma ukuthi empeleni ayikho inkinga yenhliziyo, angase asikisele ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo.
Ngokusho kwe-American Psychological Association, ukwelashwa kokuziphatha kwengqondo kuwukwelashwa kwengqondo okugxile ekuguquleni amaphethini okucabanga.
Udokotela wakho angase futhi akunikeze imithi, kuhlanganise nama-antidepressants, asebenza njengezidakamizwa zesikhathi eside ezicindezelayo, kanye nemithi elwa nesifo sofuba esebenza ngokushesha ukuze kudambise izimpawu ezibuhlungu zokukhathazeka, njengokushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo nokujuluka.
Ukuzindla, umsebenzi wengqondo, nemikhuba ehlukahlukene yokuphefumula nakho kusiza ukubhekana nokuhlaselwa ukwesaba esikhathini eside. Uma ubhekene nokuhlaselwa kwe-panic (okuyinto, ngeshwa, eyenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile), kubalulekile ukuqaphela iqiniso lokuthi lokhu isifo asibulali, futhi eqinisweni, akukho lutho olusongela ukuphila ngokwako.