La i-pancreatitis ukuvuvukala kwama-pancreas. i kwamanyikwe iyindlala etholakala ngemuva kwesisu, eduze kwesibindi, ekhiqiza ama-enzyme adingekayo ukuze kugaywe ukudla namahomoni asiza ukulawula ushukela (iglucose) egazini. I-Pancreatitis idala ukulimala kumanyikwe kanye nezicubu ezizungezile.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-pancreatitis:

• I-pancreatitis ye-acute kwenzeka ngokuzumayo futhi kuthatha izinsuku ezimbalwa. Izigameko eziningi zenzeka ngenxa yenyongo noma ngenxa yokuphuza ngokweqile.
• I-pancreatitis engapheli Imvamisa kwenzeka ngemuva kwesiqephu se-pancreatitis eyingozi futhi ingahlala iminyaka eminingana.

Izinkinga ze-pancreatitis

Izimo eziningi ze-pancreatitis ebukhali zibangelwa amatshe enyongo noma ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile. Ukudla ukudla okunamafutha, izifo (ezifana nomumpintsha noma isifo sokusha kwesibindi kohlobo lwe-viral hepatitis), izinkinga ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ukuhlukumezeka kwesisu, noma umdlavuza wamanyikwe kungabangela ukuvuvukala okunamandla. Eminye imithi, isibonelo i-antiparasitic efana ne-pentamidine (Pentam®), i-didanosine (Videx®), esetshenziselwa ukwelashwa kwe-HIV noma ama-diuretics nama-sulfonamides nawo angabangela i-pancreatitis eyingozi. Cishe i-15% kuya ku-25% yamacala e-pancreatitis eyingozi anembangela engaziwa.

Cishe u-45% wezigameko ze-pancreatitis engapheli zibangelwa ukuphuza utshwala isikhathi eside, okuholela ekulimaleni nokubalwa kwe-pancreas. Ezinye izici, njengokuphazamiseka kwe-pancreatic okuzuzwa njengefa, i-cystic fibrosis, i-lupus, amazinga aphezulu e-triglyceride angabangela i-pancreatitis engapheli. Cishe i-25% yamacala e-pancreatitis engapheli anembangela engaziwa.

Izinkinga ze-pancreatitis

I-pancreatitis ingadala izinkinga ezinkulu: +

• Izinkinga zokuphefumula. I-acute pancreatitis ingaholela ekuhlulekeni kokuphefumula, okungabangela ukwehla kwezinga lomoya-mpilo egazini okungaba yingozi.
• Isifo sikashukela. I-pancreatitis engapheli ingabangela ukulimala kwamangqamuzana akhiqiza i-insulin, okungaholela ekubeni nesifo sikashukela.
• Ukutheleleka. I-pancreatitis ebukhali ingenza ama-pancreas abe sengozini yokuthola amagciwane kanye nezifo. Ukutheleleka kwe-pancreas kungaba kubi kakhulu futhi kudinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze kukhishwe izicubu ezithelelekile.
• Ukwehluleka kwezinso. I-acute pancreatitis ingadala ukwehluleka kwezinso okuthi uma iba nzima futhi iphikelele, kufanele ilashwe nge-dialysis.
• Ukungondleki. I-pancreatitis eyingozi futhi engapheli ingavimbela ama-pancreas ekwenzeni ama-enzyme adingekayo ukuze amunce izakhi. Kungabangela ukungondleki kahle, isifo sohudo nokuncipha kwesisindo.
• Umdlavuza we-pancreatic. Ukuvuvukala kwe-pancreas okuhlala isikhathi eside okubangelwa i-pancreatitis engapheli kuyisici esiyingozi sokuthuthukisa umdlavuza we-pancreatic.
• I-pancreatic cyst. I-acute pancreatitis ingadala uketshezi noma imfucumfucu ukuthi yakheke ezikhwameni ezinjenge-cyst kumanyikwe. I-cyst ephukile ingabangela izinkinga, ezifana nokopha kwangaphakathi kanye nokutheleleka.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-pancreatitis

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungaqinisekisa i-pancreatitis eyingozi ngokuba khona kwamazinga aphezulu e-enzyme yokugaya (i-amylase ne-lipase), ushukela, i-calcium noma i-lipids (amafutha).  

I-CT scan ingasetshenziswa ukukhomba ukuvuvukala kwamanyikwe, ukugcwala koketshezi esiswini, noma ukuba khona kwama-pseudocysts.

I-Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) kanye ne-computed tomography ingasetshenziswa ukuthola ukuba khona kwamatshe enyongo ku-gallbladder.