Mycena (Mycena) isithombe nencazelo

Mycenae

:

• I-Eomycenella
• I-Galactopus
• I-Leptomyces
• I-Mycenoporella
• I-Mycenopsis
• I-Mycenula
• I-Phlebomycena
• I-Poromycena
• I-Pseudomycena

Uhlobo lwe-Mycena luhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningi zezinhlobo, sikhuluma ngezinhlobo ezingamakhulu amaningana, ngokusho kwemithombo ehlukahlukene - ezingaphezu kuka-500.

Incazelo ye-Mycena ezinhlobonhlobo ngokuvamile ayinakwenzeka ngesizathu esizwakalayo: akukabikho incazelo enemininingwane yezinhlobo zezilwane, akukho ukuhlonza ngokhiye.

I-mycenae ebonakala kalula kakhulu noma engaphansi, “egqamayo” kusisindo esiphelele. Isibonelo, ezinye izinhlobo ze-Mycena zinezidingo eziqondile kakhulu zokuhlala. Kukhona ama-mycena anemibala emihle kakhulu ye-cap noma iphunga elithile kakhulu.

Kodwa-ke, njengoba incane kakhulu (ububanzi be-cap akuvamile ukuba budlule u-5 cm), izinhlobo ze-Mycena azizange zidonse ukunaka okuningi kuma-mycologists iminyaka eminingi.

Nakuba abanye ochwepheshe be-mycologists abanolwazi kakhulu basebenze nalolu hlobo, okuholele kuma-monographs amabili amakhulu (R. Kühner, 1938 kanye no-AH Smith, 1947), akuzange kube ngama-1980s lapho u-Maas Geesteranus eqala ukubuyekezwa okukhulu kohlobo. Ngokuvamile, kuye kwaba nesithakazelo esikhulayo ku-Mycena phakathi kwama-mycologists aseYurophu emashumini eminyaka adlule.

Izinhlobo eziningi ezintsha ziye zahlongozwa (zichazwe) eminyakeni yamuva ngabo bobabili iGesteranus (Maas Geesteranus) kanye nezinye izazi zemycologists. Kodwa lo msebenzi awupheli. UMaas Gesteranus ushicilele isifinyezo esinokhiye bokuhlonza nezincazelo, namuhla okuyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuhlonza i-Mycenae. Nokho, ngemva kokuqeda umsebenzi wakhe, kwatholakala ezinye izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane. Udinga ukuqala konke kusukela ekuqaleni.

Ucwaningo lwe-DNA oluhlanganisa amasampula e-Mycena ehlukene lubonise ngokusobala ukuthi le nto manje esiyibiza ngokuthi uhlobo lwe-"Mycena" yiqembu elihlukene lezakhi zofuzo, futhi ekugcineni sizothola izigaba ezizimele ezimbalwa kanye ne-Mycena encane kakhulu egxile ohlotsheni lwe-Mycena. – Mycena galericulata (Mycena cap-shaped). Uyakholwa noma ungakholwa, i-Panellus stipticus ibonakala ihlobene kakhulu namanye amakhowe okwamanje esiwabeka eMycenae kunezinye izinhlobo eziningi esicabanga ukuthi zingezohlobo olufanayo. ! Olunye uhlobo lwe-mycenoid (noma i-mycenoid) luhlanganisa i-Hemimycena, i-Hydropus, i-Roridomyces, i-Rickenella, nezinye ezimbalwa.

I-Maas Geesteranus (ukuhlukaniswa kwe-1992) ihlukanise i-genus ibe yizigaba ezingu-38 futhi yanikeza okhiye besigaba ngasinye, kuhlanganise nazo zonke izinhlobo zeNyakatho Nenkabazwe.

Izingxenye eziningi azifani. Cishe njalo, uhlobo olulodwa noma eziningi zinezinhlamvu eziphambukayo. Noma izimo zingashintsha kakhulu phakathi nokukhula kwazo kangangokuthi ezinye izici zazo zingase zisebenze isikhathi esilinganiselwe. Ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kohlobo, uhlobo olulodwa kuphela olumelelwe ngenani lezigaba. Nokho, selokhu kwanyatheliswa incwadi kaHesteranus, kuye kwatholakala izinhlobo eziningi zezilwane ezintsha futhi kwahlongozwa nenani lezingxenye ezintsha.

Konke okungenhla, ngomqondo ongokomfanekiso, ithiyori, ulwazi "lokuthuthukisa jikelele". Manje ake sikhulume ngokuqondile.

Uhlobo lokukhula kanye nemvelo yentuthuko: i-mycenoid noma i-omphaloid, noma i-collibioid. Ikhula emaqenjini aminyene aminyene, ahlakazekile noma awodwa

substrate: hlobo luni lokhuni (uyaphila, ufile), hlobo luni lwesihlahla (coniferous, deciduous), inhlabathi, okombhede

ikhanda: isikhumba se-cap sibushelelezi, i-matte noma ecwebezelayo, i-granular, i-flaky, i-pubescent noma imbozwe ngengubo emhlophe, noma embozwe ngefilimu ye-gelatinous, engahambisani. Ukuma kwe-cap kumakhowe amancane namadala

amarekhodi: Iyakhuphuka, ivundlile noma i-arcuate, icishe ikhululeke noma inamathele kancane, noma eyehle. Kudingekile ukubala inani lamapuleti "okugcwele" (okufinyelela emilenzeni). Kudingekile ukucabangela ngokucophelela ukuthi amapuleti apendwe kanjani, ngokulinganayo noma cha, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kukhona umngcele wombala

Leg: Ukuthungwa kwe-pulp kusuka ku-brittle kuya ku-cartilaginous noma okuqinile okuqinile. Umbala ufana noma unezindawo ezimnyama. Uboya noma bunqunu. Ingabe kukhona ukunwetshwa okuvela ngezansi ngokwakhiwa kwe-basal disc, kubalulekile ukubheka isisekelo, singambozwa ngama-fibril ama-coarse amade

juice. Amanye ama-Mycenae eziqwini eziphukile futhi, kancane kancane, amakepisi akhipha uketshezi lombala wesici.

iphunga: isikhunta, i-caustic, ikhemikhali, imuncu, i-alkaline, ayijabulisi, inamandla noma ibuthakathaka. Ukuze uzwe iphunga kahle, kuyadingeka ukuphula amakhowe, ukuchoboza amapuleti

Taste. Qaphela! Izinhlobo eziningi ze-mycenae - unobuthi. Nambitha i-mushroom kuphela uma wazi ukuthi ungayenza kanjani ngokuphepha. Akwanele ukukhotha ucezu lwamakhowe. Udinga nje ukuhlafuna ucezu oluncane, "splash" ukuze uzwe ukunambitheka. Ngemuva kwalokho, udinga ukukhafula i-pulp yamakhowe bese ugeza umlomo wakho kahle ngamanzi.

Bazidi 2 noma 4 spore

Impikiswano ngokuvamile i-spiny, akuvamile ukuthi ibe yi-cylindrical noma i-spherical, ngokuvamile i-amyloid, okungavamile okungeyona i-amyloid

I-Cheilocystidia okumise okwekilabhu, okungeyona i-pyrolow, i-fusiform, i-lageniform noma, okungajwayelekile, okuyisilinda, okubushelelezi, okunamagatsha, noma okumila okulula noma okunamagatsha emimo eyahlukene.

I-Pleurocystidia eziningi, ezingavamile noma ezingekho

I-Pileipellis hyphae diverticular, kuyaqabukela bushelelezi

I-Hyphae yongqimba lwe-cortical ama-pedicel abushelelezi noma ahlukanisiwe, ngezinye izikhathi anamaseli abulalayo noma i-calocystidia.

tram plate umbala wewayini ukuya ko-purplish-brown ku-reagent ye-Meltzer, kwezinye izimo uhlala ungashintshiwe

Ezinye izinhlobo ze-Mycenae zethulwa ekhasini elithi Mycenae Mushrooms. Izincazelo zengezwa kancane kancane.

Ukuze uthole imidwebo ebhalweni, izithombe zikaVitaly no-Andrey zisetshenzisiwe.