Njengengane, ukuba nezinyo elihambayo kuyinto ejwayelekile: izinyo lengane kufanele liphume ukuze elokugcina likhule futhi lithathe indawo yalo. Kubantu abadala, ngakolunye uhlangothi, izinyo elixegayo liyisibonakaliso sesexwayiso okungafanele sithathwe kancane.

Lapho uxubha noma ungaphansi kwengcindezi yeminwe, izinyo alisasuki kahle.

Uma liphuma, izinyo livela lide futhi impande yalo ingase ivele ngaphezu kwenhlaka ehlehlile. Akuvamile ukubona ukopha lapho uxubha amazinyo. Ku-periodontitis esezingeni eliphakeme, amaphakethe anegciwane angakha phakathi kwezicubu zezinsini kanye nengaphezulu yempande yezinyo.

Isifo se-Periodontal

Ngaphandle kokuxubha amazinyo njalo, amabhaktheriya avela kudoti odla ukudla akhiqiza ubuthi obakha uqweqwe lwamazinyo, nalo olubala lube yitartar. Le tartar, uma ingasuswa njalo, isengozini yokuhlasela izicubu zezinsini futhi ibangele i-gingivitis. Ushingamu ube usuvuvukale, ubomvu ngokumnyama futhi wopha lapho uthintana kancane. Uma ingelashwa, i-gingivitis ingaqhubekela ku-periodontitis. Ukuvuvukala kwe-periodontium, okusho ukuthi izicubu ezisekela izinyo ezakhiwe ithambo le-alveolar, ushingamu, usimende kanye nomsipha we-alveolar-dental. I-Periodontitis ingathinta izinyo elilodwa noma amaningana, noma ngisho namazinyo wonke. Uma kungelashwa ngesikhathi, amazinyo aqala ukuhamba kancane kancane futhi kukhona ukuwohloka kwe-gingival: izinyo kuthiwa "zikhululekile". Lokhu kuxega kungaholela ekulahlekelweni kwamazinyo.

Kunezici eziningana ezingaba nomthelela ekubukeni kwe-periodontitis: izici ezithile zofuzo, ukubhema, ukutheleleka, ukudla okungenamsoco, utshwala, ukuphuza imithi ethile, ukukhulelwa, ukugqoka i-orthodontic appliance, njll. isifo sikashukela.

I-Bruxism

Lesi sifo, esithinta i-10 kuya ku-15% yabantu baseFrance, sizibonakalisa ngokugaya amazinyo aphansi kulabo abaphezulu lapho umuntu engahlafuni, noma ngokuqina kwemihlathi, ikakhulukazi ebusuku. I-Bruxism ingadala ukuwohloka, ukuxegiswa noma ukuqhekeka kwamazinyo, kanye nokulahleka kwezicubu zamazinyo (koqweqwe lwawo, i-dentin noginindela).

Ukuhlukumezeka ezinyoni

Ukulandela ukushaqeka noma ukuwa ezinyoweni, kungenzeka ukuthi kugudluke noma kwahamba. Sihlukanisa:

• ukukhishwa okungaphelele noma ukuxutshwa: izinyo liye lahamba esigxotsheni salo (ithambo lalo lomgodi) futhi liyahamba;
• ukuphuka kwezimpande: impande yezinyo ifinyelelwe;
• ukuqhekeka kwe-alveolodental: ithambo elisekelayo lezinyo liyathinteka, okwenza ukuhamba kwebhulokhi lamazinyo amaningana.

I-x-ray yamazinyo iyadingeka ekuxilongweni.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Orthodontic

Ukwelashwa kwe-Orthodontic ngokudonsa okunamandla kakhulu nokushesha kakhulu ezinyo kungayeketisa impande.

Ukulahleka kwamazinyo

Ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele noma ukwesekwa, izinyo elixegayo noma elixegayo lisengozini yokuwa. Ngaphezu kokulimala kwezimonyo, izinyo elingafakwanga endaweni yalo lingaholela ezinkingeni ezahlukahlukene. Izinyo elilodwa elilahlekile lanele ukubangela ukufuduka noma ukuguga ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwamanye amazinyo, izinkinga zezinsini, ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla ngenxa yokungahlafuni okwanele, kodwa futhi kwandisa ingozi yokuwa. Kwasebekhulile, ukulahleka kwezinyo ngaphandle kokushintshwa noma ukufakelwa okungafaneleki kahle kukhuthaza ukungazinzi, ngoba ukuhlangana komhlathi kusiza ukugcina ibhalansi.

Izingozi ezijwayelekile ze-periodontitis

Uma ingalashwa, i-periodontitis ingaba nemiphumela empilweni ejwayelekile:

• ingozi yokutheleleka: ngesikhathi sokutheleleka kwamazinyo, amagciwane angasakazeka egazini futhi afinyelele ezingxenyeni ezahlukahlukene (inhliziyo, izinso, amalunga, njll.);
• ingozi yokukhula kwesifo sikashukela;
• ingozi eyengeziwe yesifo senhliziyo;
• ingozi yokulethwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwabesifazane abakhulelwe.

Ukwelashwa kwe-periodontitis

Ukwelashwa kuya ngokuthi ukuvuvukala kuthuthuke kangakanani. Ngemuva kokwelashwa kokubulala amagciwane okuhlose ukuhlanza umlomo, ukuhlanzwa okuphelele kwamazinyo, izimpande zawo kanye nezinsini kwenziwa ukuze kuqedwe ngokuphelele amabhaktheriya kanye ne-tartar emazinyweni nasezikhaleni eziphakathi. Phambi kwamaphakethe we-periodontal, kuzokwenziwa uphenyo lwamaphakethe. Sikhuluma ngokuhlela izimpande. Ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic kungabekwa.

Uma isifo se-periodontal sithuthukile, kungahle kudingeke usizo lokuhlinzwa ngezikhathi ezithile, ngokuya ngesimo, ukugcwaliswa kwe-sanitizing flap, ukugcwaliswa kwamathambo noma ukuvuselelwa kwezicubu.

Ukwelashwa kwe-bruxism

Ngokweqiniso, ayikho indlela yokwelapha i-bruxism. Kodwa-ke, ingozi yokugqokwa kwamazinyo ingavinjelwa, ngokwesibonelo ngokugqoka ama-orthoses (splints) ebusuku.

Ukulawulwa kokuziphatha kwengcindezi nakho kuyanconywa, ngoba kungenye yezinto ezaziwayo ze-bruxism.

Izinyo elihamba ngemuva kokuhlukumezeka

Ngemuva kokushaqeka, kunconywa ukuthi ungathinti izinyo futhi uxhumane nodokotela ohlinzayo ngaphandle kokulibala. Ukusekelwa kuzoya ngesimo:

• esimweni lapho ukukhishwa kungaphelele, izinyo lizobekwa kabusha futhi ligcinwe endaweni, ngokuhlangana namazinyo aseduze. Uma kunesidingo, i-orthodontic traction izobekwa endaweni ukuze ibeke kahle izinyo;
• uma kwenzeka ukuphuka kwezimpande, ukuphathwa kuncike lapho kutholakala khona umugqa wokwephuka, ngokwazi ukuthi lapho izimpande zijula ​​kakhulu, kulondolozwa izinyo kakhulu. Ngokuqhekeka kwezingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu, umzamo wokonga izinyo ungenziwa kusetshenziswa ukwelashwa kwe-endodontic nge-hydroxyapatite ukwelapha ukuphuka:
• esimweni lapho kuphuka khona i-alveolodental: kwenziwa futhi kuncishiswe iyunithi yamazinyo ephathekayo.

Kuzo zonke izimo, ukuqapha ngokucophelela nangesikhathi eside izinyo kuyadingeka. Ukushintsha kombala ikakhulukazi kukhombisa ukwehlukaniswa kwezinyo.

Shintsha izinyo

Uma izinyo ligcina liphumile, kunezindlela eziningi zokulifaka esikhundleni salo:

• ibhuloho lamazinyo lenza kube nokwenzeka ukubuyisela elinye noma amaningi amazinyo alahlekile. Ixhuma izinyo elilodwa kwelinye izinyo futhi ngaleyo ndlela igcwalise isikhala esisele singenalutho phakathi kwalokhu okubili;
• ukufakelwa kwamazinyo kuyimpande ye-titanium yokufakelwa efakwe ethanjeni. Ingakwazi ukufaka umqhele, ibhuloho noma isitho sokufakelwa esikhiphekayo. Uma ithambo lingaqine ngokwanele ukuthi lingafakela isikulufu, kudingeka kuhlungwe amathambo;
• into ekhishwayo uma kungekho amazinyo amaningi, uma engekho amazinyo abutment wokubeka ibhuloho noma uma ukufakelwa kungenzeki noma kubiza kakhulu.

Prevention

Inhlanzeko yamazinyo i-axis esemqoka yokuvikela. Nayi imithetho esemqoka:

• ukuxubha amazinyo njalo, kabili ngosuku, imizuzu engu-2, ukuqeda uqweqwe lwamazinyo;
• ukufuthiza nsuku zonke ubusuku bonke ukususa uqweqwe oluhlala phakathi kwamazinyo futhi olungasuswa ngokuxubha amazinyo;
• ukuvakashelwa kwaminyaka yonke kudokotela wamazinyo ukuyohlolwa nokukalwa kwamazinyo.

Kuyalulekwa futhi ukuthi uyeke ukubhema.