Emadolweni, i-menisci isebenza njengezidambisi ezishaqisayo phakathi kwe-femur ne-tibia. Avimbela amathambo ukuthi aguge yonke iminyakazo. Kungakho, lapho ziqhekeka, kufanele zinakekelwe.

I-femur ibekwe ku-tibia. Kepha ama-protuberances amabili omkhawulo wawo ongezansi awaxhumani ngqo nobuso be-tibia. Zisekelwe kuma-menisci amabili: i-meniscus yangaphakathi (ohlangothini lwangaphakathi lwamadolo) ne-lateral meniscus (ohlangothini olungaphandle). Lokhu kudlala indima:

• izifunxi ezishaqisayo: izicubu zabo ze-fibro-cartilaginous ziyanwebeka kancane, okuzivumela ukuthi zisebenze njengesiphazamisi phakathi kwe-femur ne-tibia, ngakho-ke ukugwema ukugqokwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwala mathambo lapho izingcindezi ezinamandla zomshini zinesisindo kuwo;
• izinto zokuqinisa: ngoba zijiyile emaphethelweni azo angaphandle kunasemaphethelweni azo aphakathi, ifomu le-menisci “wedges” elizungeze i-femur. Ngaleyo ndlela basiza ukuyigcina iqine kahle ku-tibia;
• izinto zokuthambisa: ngezinto zabo ezibushelelezi nezishintshashintshayo, i-menisci yenza kube lula ukwehla phakathi kwe-femur ne-tibia, kuvimbele lokhu ukuthi kungagudluki futhi kugqoke.
  

Ukuqhekeka kwe-Meniscus kumuntu osemusha, ongakathandi i-osteoarthritis, imvamisa kubangelwa ukuhlukumezeka. Idolo elikhubazekile ngesikhathi sengozi yokushushuluza, isibonelo. Kepha futhi kungenzeka ngobuqili ngokwengeziwe, ngenxa yokuphindaphinda njalo ukunyakaza okungazelelwe okufanayo (izikwele eziphindaphindwayo, njll.).

Izinyembezi zingase zingabonakali noma zivumele ucezu luqhume. Ngemuva kwalokho singaba "nolimi" lwe-meniscus elivelayo, noma ucezu ku "isibambo sokugxuma", sibambe kuphela izinhlangothi ezimbili.

Kuzo zonke izimo, ukulimala kuvezwa ngu:

• ubuhlungu obukhulu emadolweni, njengokugwaza. Ikakhulukazi ohlangothini noma ngemuva kokujoyina, ingadlulela ethangeni;
• ukuvuvukala kokujoyina, nge-edema episodic;
• crunches kanye nomuzwa wokuxhuma idolo, elenza ukuhamba, ukukhuphuka izitebhisi kanye nokuchachamba kube nzima kakhulu;
• ukuvinjelwa kwenhlanganisela, kwesinye isikhathi, uma ucezu lwe-meniscus oluhlanganisiwe lubhajwa phakathi kwamathambo.

Ebhekene nalezi zimpawu, kuyadingeka ngokuphelele ukumisa ukusebenza komzimba okuqhubekayo, ukuze kungakhulisi isilonda. Kufanele ubeke idolo ekuphumuleni, ugweme noma yikuphi ukwesekwa emlenzeni obuhlungu, bese wenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho. Ngenkathi ulinde ukubonisana, ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kungadanjiswa ngokupholisa idolo nge-ice pack (esongwe ngendwangu). Kungenzeka futhi ukuthatha imishanguzo yezinhlungu, njenge-paracetamol, noma imishanguzo ephansi yokulwa nokuvuvukala (i-NSAIDs), efana ne-ibuprofen noma i-aspirin.

Ukulimala kweMeniscus akusho ukuhlinzwa. Ukwelashwa kuyahluka ngokuya ngohlobo lokuqhekeka, indawo okuyo, ubukhulu bayo, ubudala besiguli, ukuzijwayeza ezemidlalo, isimo esivamile samathambo noqwanga, kanye nanoma yiziphi izilonda ezihambisana nazo (ukuqhekeka kwe-anterior cruciate ligament, i-osteoarthritis, njll. ).

Ukwelashwa, ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa

Uma isiguli sigugile noma singasebenzi kakhulu, akusikho ukuthakazelisa ngaso sonke isikhathi ukusebenza, okungenani hhayi ngokushesha. Izikhathi zokuvuselela zinganikezwa ukuqinisa indima yemisipha ekuqiniseni ilunga. Ukwelashwa okususelwa kuma-analgesics noma emithini elwa nokuvuvukala, kuyanezelwa uma kunesidingo ngu- kokuziphatha i-corticosteroids, nayo ingabudambisa ubuhlungu, okungenani okwesikhashana. Lokhu kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukubambezeleka noma ngisho nokugwema ukungenelela.

Ukulungiswa kweMeniscal, nge-suture

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma umuntu esemncane futhi ekhuthele kakhulu, ubuhlungu bungakhuphuka futhi bungabekezeleleki nsuku zonke. Ukuhlinzwa kwamukelekile.

Abahlinzayo bazama ukugcina i-meniscus ngangokunokwenzeka. Kungakho bethanda ukulungiswa kwayo lapho bekwazi, okusho ukuthi uma kuhlangatshezwa le mibandela elandelayo:

• ukujoyina kufanele kuzinze, kuhlanganiswe noma kusetshenziswe kabusha i-anterior cruciate ligament (ACL);
• i-fissure kufanele ibekwe emaphethelweni e-lateral (yangaphandle) ye-meniscus, ngoba indawo ezolashwa kumele ifinyeleleke futhi ibe nemithambo eyanele ngokwanele ukuvumela ukwelashwa okuhle; 
• amanye ama-meniscus kumele abe nempilo, ngaphandle kwesifo samathambo;
• ukuqhekeka kufanele kube ngaphansi kwamasonto ayisithupha ubudala ukuze ukwazi ukuzilungisa;

Ukungenelela kwenziwa ngesikhathi sokugula noma njengengxenye yokulaliswa esibhedlela okwesikhashana (izinsuku ezimbili noma ezintathu). Yenziwa nge-arthroscopically, okungukuthi kusetshenziswa ikhamera encane nezinsimbi ezethulwe ngezicucu ezimbili ezincane emadolweni. Kuqukethe ukuthunga uqhekeko kusetshenziswa imicu kanye namahange amancane angathathwa.

I-meniscectomy engaphelele

Uma i-meniscus ingenakulungiswa kodwa ubuhlungu busekhona kakhulu, i-meniscectomy ingacatshangelwa. Kuncike ekutheni akukho ukungazinzi kokusebenza.

Nalapha futhi, ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngokwelashwa kweziguli noma njengengxenye yokulaliswa esibhedlela okwesikhashana, ngaphansi kwe-arthroscopy. Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ingxenye eyonakele ye-meniscus, ukuze ubudlwangudlwangu bayo bungabe busabhebhetheka kwi-femur ngokuhamba ngakunye.

Ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, noma ngabe kube ne-suture noma i-meniscectomy, kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalo kadokotela maqondana nesikhathi sokuphumula, ukuvuselela nokuqalisa kabusha imisebenzi. Noma kungabonakala kukude, lolu hlelo lugwema izinkinga: ukwenza buthaka ama-suture, ukuqina ngemuva kwalokho, ukuphela kwamandla emisipha, njll.

Ukuxilongwa kusekelwe ekuhlolweni kwemitholampilo kwamadolo nokuhlolwa kwe-imaging (x-ray ne-MRI). Kwenziwa ngudokotela obekhona, udokotela ophuthumayo, i-rheumatologist noma udokotela wamathambo.