Okuqukethwe
Incazelo ye-meningococcal C meningitis
I-Meningitis ukutheleleka kwe-meninges, ulwelwesi oluncane oluvikela futhi luzungeze ubuchopho nomgogodla. Kukhona i-viral meningitis, exhunywe negciwane, i-bacterial meningitis, ngisho ne-meningitis exhunywe kusikhunta noma i-parasite.
I-Meningococcal meningitis C yi-a i-bacterial meningitis ebangelwa amagciwane I-Neisseria meningitidis, noma i-meningococcus. Qaphela ukuthi kunezinhlobo ezimbalwa, noma ama-serogroups, avame kakhulu ama-serogroups A, B, C, W, X kanye no-Y.
Ngo-2018 eFrance, ngokusho kwedatha evela esikhungweni senkomba sikazwelonke se-meningococci kanye I-Haemophilus influenzae kusukela ku-Institut Pasteur, phakathi kwezimo ezingu-416 ze-meningococcal meningitis okwakwaziwa ngazo i-serogroup, ama-51% kwakungama-serogroup B, 13% C, 21% W, 13% Y kanye no-2% ama-serogroupable angavamile noma cha.
Izifo ze-meningococcal ezihlaselayo ikakhulukazi kubantwana, izingane ezincane, intsha kanye nabantu abadala.
Meningococcal meningitis C: imbangela, izimpawu kanye nokudluliselwa
Amagciwane I-Neisseria meningitidis obhekene nohlobo C meningitis kuyinto ikhona ngokwemvelo ku-ENT sphere (umphimbo, ikhala) kusuka ku-1 kuya ku-10% wabantu ngokusho kweNhlangano Yezempilo Yomhlaba, ngaphandle kwenkathi yobhubhane.
Ukudluliselwa kwamagciwane I-Neisseria meningitidis kumuntu obengeyena umthwali we-meningitis akubangeli ngendlela ehlelekile i-meningitis. Esikhathini esiningi, amabhaktheriya azohlala ku-ENT sphere futhi aqukethwe amasosha omzimba. Ngenxa yokuthi uhlobo luyingozi kakhulu, futhi/noma umuntu akanazo izivikeli mzimba ezinganele, amagciwane ngezinye izikhathi asakazekela egazini, afinyelele kuma-meninges futhi abangele i-meningitis.
Siyahlukanisa izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezimpawu i-meningococcal meningitis: labo abawela ngaphansi i-meningeal syndrome (intamo eqinile, ukuzwela ukukhanya noma i-photophobia, ukuphazamiseka kokuqaphela, ukukhathala, ngisho ne-coma noma ukuquleka) kanye nalezo ezibangelwa isifo esithathelwanayo (eqinile imfiva, ikhanda elibuhlungu, isicanucanu, ukuhlanza….).
Ezinye zalezi zimpawu zingaba kunzima ukuyibona enganeni, Yingakho imfiva ephezulu kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ibangele ukubonisana okuphuthumayo, ikakhulukazi uma ingane iziphatha ngendlela engavamile, ikhala ngokungaphezi noma uma isesimweni esibuthakathaka eduze nokuquleka.
Isexwayiso: ukubukeka a i-purpura fulminans, okungukuthi, amabala abomvu noma a-purplish ngaphansi kwesikhumba yisimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha kanye nesimiso sobucayi. Kudinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela esiphuthumayo.
Idluliselwa kanjani i-meningococcus hlobo C?
Ukutheleleka kohlobo C lwe-meningococcal kwenzeka lapho usondelana nomuntu onaleli gciwane noma umthwali onempilo, ukukhishwa kwe-nasopharyngeal (amathe, postilions, ukukhwehlela). Ngakho-ke ukudluliselwa kwaleli bhaktheriya kuthanda phakathi kwekhaya lomndeni kodwa futhi, isibonelo, ezindaweni zokwamukela ndawonye, ngenxa yokuziphatha okuxekethile phakathi kwezingane ezincane kanye nokushintshisana kwamathoyizi afakwe emlonyeni.
La inkathi yokufukanyelwa, okungukuthi, isikhathi phakathi kokutheleleka kanye nokuqala kwezimpawu ze-meningitis kuyahlukahluka kusuka ezinsukwini ezi-2 kuye kweziyi-10.
Ukwelashwa kwe-meningococcal C meningitis
Ukwelashwa kokutheleleka kwe-meningococcal okuhlaselayo kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo kusekelwe ukunikezwa kwemithi elwa namagciwane, ngomjovo noma nge-intramuscularly, futhi ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka ngemva kokuqala kwezimpawu. I-Meningococcal meningitis C idinga ukulaliswa esibhedlela esiphuthumayo.
Ngokuvamile, lapho kubhekene nezimpawu eziphakamisa i-meningitis, ama-antibiotics iphathwa ezimeni eziphuthumayo, ngisho noma ngabe ukwelashwa kulungiswa, uma ukubhoboza i-lumbar sekwenziwe ukuhlola ukuthi i-meningitis yebhaktheriya (nokuthi iluphi uhlobo) noma igciwane.
Izinkinga ezingenzeka
Uma i-meningitis yelashwa kusenesikhathi, umphumela uba ngcono kanye nengozi encane ye-sequelae.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukungabikho kokwelashwa okusheshayo kungaholela ekulimaleni kwezinye izingxenye zesimiso sezinzwa esimaphakathi (ikakhulukazi sikhuluma nge-encephalitis). Ukutheleleka kungathinta umzimba wonke: lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-sepsis.
Phakathi kwemiphumela engaba khona kanye nezinkinga, ake sicaphune ikakhulukazi ubuthulu, ukulimala kwengqondo, ukuphazamiseka okubukwayo noma ukunaka ...
Ezinganeni, ukugadwa isikhathi eside kubekwa ngendlela ehlelekile ngokuphulukisa.
Qaphela ukuthi, ngokwewebhusayithi ye-Health Insurance Ameli.fr, ingxenye yesine yokufa kanye namacala ahlobene ne-meningitis ezinganeni kungavinjelwa ngokugoma.
Ingabe umgomo wokugomela i-meningitis yohlobo C uyimpoqo noma cha?
Okokuqala okunconyiwe kusukela ngo-2010, ukugonyelwa i-meningococcal type C manje sekungomunye wemithi eyi-11 eyimpoqo yazo zonke izingane ezizalwe ngomhlaka-1 Januwari 2018 noma ngemva kwawo.
Uyanyakaza Ama-65% akhokhelwa umshwalense wezempilo, futhi inani elisele ngokuvamile libuyiselwa umshwalense wezempilo ohambisanayo (mutuals).
Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuvimbela i-meningococcal C meningitis kuhilela ukugoma ukuze kuvikelwe abantu ababuthaka, ikakhulukazi izingane ezigcinwe ezindaweni zomphakathi futhi ezingakakhuli ngokwanele ukuba zigonywe.
I-Meningitis C: yimuphi umgomo futhi yiluphi uhlelo lokugoma?
Uhlobo lomgomo we-meningococcal uhlobo C kuya ngeminyaka yengane:
- okosana, kunjalo I-Neisvac® obekiwe, futhi inikezwe ngemithamo emibili, ezinyangeni ezi-5 bese kuba yizinyanga eziyi-12;
- njengengxenye a ukugoma ukubamba, sizokhetha i-Neisvac® noma i-Menjugate® ngethamo elilodwa kubantwana abanonyaka owodwa noma ngaphezulu, futhi kuze kube yilapho beneminyaka engu-24 ubudala lapho kungekho mgomo oyinhloko.
imithombo:
- https://www.pasteur.fr/fr/centre-medical/fiches-maladies/meningites-meningocoques
- https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/maladies-et-traumatismes/maladies-a-prevention-vaccinale/infections-invasives-a-meningocoque/la-maladie/
- https://www.has-sante.fr/upload/docs/application/pdf/2020-05/recommandation_vaccinale_contre_les_meningocoques_des_serogroupes_a_c_w_et_y_note_de_cadrage.pdf