Okuqukethwe
NgoJanuwari 59, endiza esuka eMilan eya eChicago, uCallas wachitha amahora amaningi eParis. Ngenxa yombiko wephephandaba iFrance Soir (lo mculi wayehamba nesixuku sezintatheli zaseFrance endizeni), siyazi ukuthi, kuvela ukuthi, inhloso enkulu yemashi yakhe esheshayo kwaba… isidlo sakusihlwa endaweni yokudlela yaseChez Maxim. Intatheli eqaphile ibhale konke phansi ngomzuzu.
«20.00. Ukuhamba ngezinyawo usuka ehhotela uye endaweni yokudlela.
20.06. UCallas ungena egumbini eliphansi eliphansi futhi uhlala etafuleni elibekelwe ukuhlonipha abantu abayishumi nane.
20.07. Uvalo ekhishini: ama-oyster ayisicaba angu-160 kufanele avulwe ngemizuzu. UCallas unehora lesidlo sasemini kuphela.
20.30. Ujabule ngezitsha: ama-oyster asentekenteke kakhulu, ukudla kwasolwandle kusoso wamagilebhisi, bese kuba isitsha esiqanjwe ngegama lakhe elithi "Iwundlu leWundlu nguCallas", isobho se-asparagus esisha futhi - okujabulisa kakhulu - i-soufflé "Malibran".
21.30. Umsindo, idina, amalambu ... UCallas ushiya indawo yokudlela… “
Kuphinde kwarekhodwa ukuthi isivakashi sidle ngesifiso esikahle futhi asifihlanga kwabanye ukuthi sikuthokozele ukudla.
Ngesikhathi somcimbi ochaziwe, igama likaCallas oneminyaka engama-35 ubudala laduma nhlangothi zombili zolwandle, hhayi kuphela kumbuthano omncane wabathandi be-opera, okuvamise ukuba yinto engathandeki ngalobu buciko “obuphelelwe yisikhathi”. Ngolimi lwanamuhla, ubengumuntu "wezokuxhumana". Ugoqe amahlazo, wakhanyisa inhlebo, walwa nabalandeli, ekhala ngezindleko zodumo. (“Phezulu lapho, akuthokozisi kakhulu… Imisebe yenkazimulo ishisa yonke into nxazonke.”) Emehlweni alabo abamzungezile, usevele waphenduka “isilo esingcwele,” kepha akakasithathi isinyathelo sokuvala izindlebe: akazange ashiye usozigidi ngenxa yesigidigidi - hhayi ngenxa yemali, kodwa ngenxa yothando olukhulu. Kodwa incazelo eyinhloko: UCallas wahlabelela, ngokungafani namuntu ngaphambi nangemva kwalokho, futhi wayenabalandeli - kusuka kuNdlovukazi yaseNgilandi kuya kwabathungi.
Uma ngekhulu lama-XNUMX umuntu engafuna isihloko se-prima donna, kwakunguye, uMariya kazibuthe. Izwi lakhe (elinomlingo, elaphezulu, elijabulisayo, elifana nezwi le-hummingbird, elikhazimulayo njengedayimane - yiziphi iziqephu ezingazange zithathwe ngabagxeki!) Futhi umlando wakhe, ofaniswa nenhlekelele yasendulo yamaGrikhi, ungowomhlaba wonke. Futhi okungenani amazwe amane anezizathu ezibucayi kakhulu zokukubheka "njengokwabo".
Okokuqala, e-United States, lapho azalelwa khona - eNew York, ngoDisemba 2, 1923, emndenini wabokufika abangamaGrikhi, esethole igama elide ebhapathizweni - uCecilia Sophia Anna Maria. Kanye nobaba wakhe onzima ukubiza isibongo - uKalogeropoulos - kwakungeyona neze eyaseMelika, futhi kungekudala le ntombazane yaba nguMaria Callas. UCallas uzobuyela kuMama Melika kaningana: ngo-1945, njengomfundi - ukuthatha izifundo zokucula, maphakathi no-50s, esevele eyinkanyezi eyedwa esiteji seMetropolitan Opera, nasekuqaleni kweminyaka yama-70s - ukufundisa.
Okwesibili, iGrisi, izwe elingokomlando, lapho, ngemuva kwegebe phakathi kwabazali bakhe, uMaria athuthela khona ngo-1937 nonina nodadewabo omdala. E-Athene, wafunda e-Conservatory futhi wangena okokuqala endaweni yezobuchwepheshe.
Okwesithathu, i-Italy, izwe lakubo lokudala. Ngo-1947, uCallas owayeneminyaka engama-23 wamenyelwa eVerona ukuyodlala emkhosini womculo waminyaka yonke. Lapho waphinde wahlangana nomyeni wakhe wakusasa, umkhiqizi wezitini nophilanthropist uGiovanni Battista Meneghini, owayeneminyaka ecishe ibe ngamashumi amathathu ubudala. Idolobha laseRomeo noJuliet, nangemva kweMilan, lapho ngo-1951 uMaria aqala khona ukucula eTeatro alla Scala edumile, kanye neSirmion yakudala ogwini lweLake Garda, kuzoba ikhaya lakhe.
Futhi ekugcineni, eFrance. Lapha indlovukazi yaseBel canto yabona okunye kokunqoba okukhulu kakhulu empilweni yayo - ngoDisemba 1958, idlala okokuqala eParis Opera nge-recital. Inhlokodolobha yaseFrance ikheli lakhe lokugcina. Efulethini lakhe eParis ngoSepthemba 16, 1977, wahlangana nokufa kungalindelekile - ngaphandle kothando, ngaphandle kwezwi, ngaphandle kwemizwa, ngaphandle komndeni nabangane, enenhliziyo engenalutho, elahlekelwe ukuthanda impilo ...
Ngakho-ke, ezine ezingafani komunye nomunye zezifunda zayo eziyinhloko. Yize, eqinisweni, empilweni yokuzulazula yomculi kwakukhona amazwe amaningi namadolobha amaningi, futhi amaningi abonakala ebaluleke kakhulu, ekhumbuleka futhi enenhlanhla kuye. Kepha sinesithakazelo kokunye: bakuthonye kanjani ukuthakazelwa kokudla kwe-prima donna?
Ipotimende lokupheka
“Ukupheka kahle kuyefana nokudala. Noma ngubani othanda ikhishi uthanda nokuqamba, ”kusho uCallas. Futhi: "Ngithatha noma yiliphi ibhizinisi ngomdlandla omkhulu futhi ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi ayikho enye indlela." Lokhu bekusebenza nasekhishini. Waqala ukupheka ngokuzimisela lapho eba yintokazi eshadile. USignor Meneghini, indoda yakhe yokuqala nomyeni wakhe osemthethweni kuphela, wayethanda ukudla, ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yeminyaka nokukhuluphala ngokweqile, ukudla, injabulo yase-Italiya, icishe yathathela indawo ucansi kuye.
Emibhalweni yakhe enehaba, uMeneghini uchaze izitsha ezimnandi unkosikazi wakhe osemncane, owathola ithalente lakhe lokupheka, wazitika ngokudla okumnandi. Futhi kuthiwa usesitofu, isikhathi esithile manje, uchithe isikhathi esiningi kakhulu kunopiyano. Kodwa-ke, nasi isithombe sango-1955: "UMaria Callas ekhishini lakhe eMilan." Umculi wamangala ngesixubuzi ngemuva kwezingubo zokugqoka ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ezikhombisa ukubukeka okwesimanjemanje.
Njengoba esengunkosikazi womnumzane ocebile futhi ethola udumo olwandayo, futhi ngezimali zakhe, uMaria wayevame ukuvakashela izindawo zokudlela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngesikhathi sokuvakasha. Ngemuva kokunambitha lokhu noma lokho kudla kwenye indawo, akazange anqikaze ukubuza abapheki futhi ngokushesha wabhala phansi izindlela zokupheka kumanethi, amanothi, izimvilophu, nanoma ikuphi lapho kudingeka khona. Wayifihla esikhwameni sakhe semali. Uqoqe lezi zokupheka yonke indawo. Evela eRio de Janeiro weza nendlela yokwenza inkukhu nge-avocado, evela eNew York - isobho lobhontshisi omnyama, eSao Paulo - feijoado, kubapheki besikhungo saseMilanese iSavini, lapho ayevakashela khona njalo, wafunda iresiphi ejwayelekile ye-risotto in IMilanese. Ngisho nalapho ehamba no-Onassis esikebheni sakhe esifana nesogodlo, akazange aphunyuke esilingweni - abaqoqi bazomqonda! - cela umpheki omkhulu ukuze ugcwalise iqoqo lakho ngeresiphi kakhilimu kashizi onama-truffle amhlophe.
Eminyakeni embalwa eyedlule, indlu yokushicilela yase-Italiya uTrenta Editore yashicilela incwadi ethi La Divina in cucina (“Divine in the kitchen”) ngesihlokwana esithi “The Hidden Recipes of Maria Callas”. Indaba yokuvela kwalencwadi yokupheka iyaheha: kusanda kutholwa ipotimende elalingelikaCallas uqobo, noma ele-domo lakhe elikhulu, eligcwele izindlela zokupheka ezibhalwe ngesandla. Incwadi ihlanganisa cishe ikhulu. Kude neqiniso lokuthi uMaria okungenani kanye wahlanganisa konke lokhu kuhlakanipha okuphekwayo, futhi eminyakeni edlule ushiye ngokuqinile izitsha zakhe eziningi azithandayo, kufaka phakathi i-pasta kanye nama-dessert. Isizathu yi-banal - ukunciphisa umzimba.
Ubuciko budinga ukuzidela
Kubukeka njengephupho, inganekwane noma, njengoba bengasho namuhla, isinyathelo se-PR. Ngakho-ke, izithombe zisindile - ofakazi bokukhuluma bokuguqulwa okuyisimangaliso kwe "ndlovu" kube isifanekiso sasendulo. Kusukela ebuntwaneni futhi cishe kuze kube yiminyaka engamashumi amathathu, uMaria Callas wayekhuluphele ngokweqile, futhi ngokushesha okukhulu, ngonyaka, wehla cishe ngamakhilogremu angamashumi amane!
Uqale "ukubamba" amacala lapho eseyintombazane, ekholwa, futhi mhlawumbe ngokufanele, ukuthi umama wakhe akamthandi, unamahloni futhi akaboni kahle, unikeza konke ukunaka nobumnene endodakazini yakhe endala. Ngaphambi nje kokushona kwakhe, uCallas wabhala ngentukuthelo: “Kusukela ngineminyaka engu-12, ngangisebenza njengehhashi ukuze ngibondle futhi nganelise isifiso sikamama esikhulu. Ngenza konke njengokuthanda kwabo. Umama nodadewethu manje abasakhumbuli ukuthi ngangibondla kanjani ngesikhathi sempi, nginikeza amakhonsathi emahhovisi omphathi wamasosha, ngisebenzisa izwi lami entweni engaqondakali, ukuze nje ngibathathele ucezu lwesinkwa. "
“Umculo nokudla kwakuyizinto ayengazisebenzisa empilweni yakhe,” kubhala omunye wababhali ngokuphila kukaCallas, uClaude Dufresne ongumFulentshi. - Kusukela ekuseni kuze kuhlwe ubedla amaswidi, amakhekhe oju, injabulo yaseTurkey. Ngesikhathi sokudla kwasemini ngidle ipasta ngomdlandla. Maduze - futhi ngubani ozosonakalisa kangcono kunathi - wama ngemuva kwesitofu weza nesitsha sakhe asithandayo: amaqanda amabili ngaphansi koshizi wamaGrikhi. Lokhu kudla kwakungeke kubizwe ngokukhanya, kepha ingane yayidinga ukudla okunama-kilojoule amaningi ukuze icule kahle: ngalezo zinsuku, abaningi babenombono wokuthi umculi omuhle akakwazi ukuzaca. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani umama wengane eyisimangaliso engazange aphazamise ukulutha kwendodakazi yakhe ekudleni. "
Ngeminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye, isisindo sikaMaria seqa amakhilogremu angama-80. Wayeyinkimbinkimbi ngendlela eyisimanga, wafunda ukufihla amaphutha ezimali ngaphansi kwezingubo “ezifanele”, futhi kulabo ababenenhlonipho, wabaphendula ngawo wonke amandla ashubile aseningizimu. Lapho ngolunye usuku isisebenzi sasesiteji e-Athens Opera House sikhipha okuthile okuxakile ngokubukeka kwakhe ekusithekeni, lo mculi osemncane waphonsa into yokuqala eza kuye. Kwakuyisitulo…
Impi Yesibili Yomhlaba yaphela, kwaba nezinkinga ezimbalwa ngokudla, uMaria wanezela amanye amakhilogremu angamashumi amabili. Nakhu ukuthi uMeneghini, umyeni wakhe nophrojusa wakhe wakusasa, uchaza kanjani ngokuhlangana kwakhe kokuqala ehlobo lika-1947 endaweni yokudlela yasePedavena eVerona: “Wayebukeka njengesidumbu esingenamakhanda. Amaqakala emilenze yakhe ayefana nokusondela kwamathole akhe. Wathutha ngobunzima. Bengingazi ukuthi ngithini, kepha ukumamatheka okuhlekisayo nokubuka okudelelayo kwezinye zezivakashi bekuzikhulumela. ”
Futhi nakuba u-Meneghini enikezwe indima yePygmalion ekugcineni kukaCallas, lokhu kuyiqiniso ngokwengxenye: uma uGalatea wakhe ozwakalayo engafuni ukukhipha amaketanga amafutha, cishe akekho owayengakwazi ukuthonya i-diva enenkani. Kuyaziwa ukuthi umqondisi uLuchino Visconti wamnika i-ultimatum: umsebenzi wabo ohlangene esiteji saseLa Scala kungenzeka kuphela uma uMaria elahlekelwa isisindo. Isikhuthazo esiyinhloko sokuyeka uswidi, ufulawa neminye imikhiqizo eminingi, ukuze azihluphe ngokubhucunga kanye nokugeza kwaseTurkey kwakungenxa yakhe kuphela ukomela izindima ezintsha. Ekudaleni, kanye nokubukeka kwe-billionaire u-Onassis empilweni yakhe nasothandweni, wahlushwa yi-bulimia efanayo, ukuminza, ukuminza.
UCallas ubhubhise isisindo esingeqile ngendlela enamandla kakhulu - ngokugwinya i-tape helminth, ngamanye amagama, isibungu. Mhlawumbe lokhu kuyinganekwane nje, i-anecdote embi. Kodwa, bathi ngaleso sikhathi waqala ukubhala “thina” ngezinhlamvu, okusho yena nesibungu. Kungenzeka ukuthi isiphungumangathi sasisongelwe emzimbeni wakhe kusuka ekudleni lapho isidlo esikhulu kwakuyi-tartare - inyama eqoshiwe eqoshiwe enezinongo namakhambi.
“Wayekuthanda ukudla, ikakhulukazi amakhekhe nophudingi,” kufakazela uBruno Tosi, umongameli we-International Maria Callas Association, “kodwa wayedla kakhulu amasaladi nama-steaks. Wehlile emzimbeni ngokulandela indlela yokudla esuselwa kuma-cocktails aqukethe iodine. Kwakuwumbuso oyingozi othinta isimiso sezinzwa esiyinhloko, washintsha imetabolism yawo, kodwa ukusuka kudada elibi uCallas waphenduka i-swan enhle. "
Umshicileli, owake wenza amahlaya ngomzimba wakhe ophanayo, manje ubhale ukuthi uCallas wayenokhalo oluncane kunoGina Lollobrigida. Ngo-1957, uMaria wayenesisindo esingamakhilogremu angama-57 futhi wayengamasentimitha ayi-171 ubude. Umqondisi weNew York Metropolitan Opera, uRudolph Bing, uphawule ngalokhu: “Ngokuphambene nalokho okuvamise ukwenzeka kubantu abaze bancipha ngokungazelelwe, akukho lutho ekubukekeni kwakhe okungikhumbuze ukuthi muva nje ubengowesifazane okhuluphele ngendlela emangalisayo. Wayekhululekile ngokumangazayo futhi ekhululekile. Kubonakala sengathi i-silhouette ne-grace eqoshiwe yeza kuye kusukela ekuzalweni. "
Maye, "kanjalo nje" akatholanga lutho. "Okokuqala ngehlile isisindo, ngabe sengilahlekelwa yizwi, manje ngehla u-Onassis" - lawa mazwi kaCallas akamuva aqinisekisa umbono wokuthi ukwehla kwesisindo "ngokuyisimangaliso" ekugcineni kwaba nomthelela omubi emandleni akhe ezwi nasenhliziyweni yakhe. Ekupheleni kwempilo yakhe, uLa Divina wabhala kwenye yezincwadi zakhe wayibhalela u-Onassis owayedelela, owakhetha umfelokazi kaMongameli uKennedy kuye wathi: “Ngihlala ngicabanga: kungani konke kwafika kimi ngobunzima obungaka? Ubuhle bami. Izwi lami. Injabulo yami emfushane… “
"Mia cake" kaMaria Callas
Okudingayo:
- I-2 cup ushukela
- 1 ingilazi yobisi
- 4 amaqanda
- I-2 izinkomishi ufulawa
- 1 i-vanilla pod
- 2 tsp ngenqwaba yemvubelo eyomile
- usawoti
- ushukela oluyimpuphu
Okufanele ngikwenze:
Letha ubisi ngamathumba nge-vanilla pod elisikwe phakathi nobude obuyisigamu (imbewu kufanele isongwe obisini ngommese wommese) futhi isuswe emlilweni. Hlukanisa abamhlophe nezikhupha. Gaya izikhupha ezimhlophe nge-1 inkomishi kashukela. Thela ubisi olushisayo emfudlaneni omncane, uvuselele ngezikhathi ezithile. Hlunga ufulawa, hlangana nemvubelo nosawoti. Kancane kancane engeza ufulawa engxenyeni yobisi neqanda, uvuselele ngobumnene. Esitsheni esihlukile, shaya abamhlophe ube yigwebu elibabazekayo, kancane kancane ungeze ushukela osele, uqhubeke nokushaya. Engeza abamhlophe beqanda abamhlophe enhlama ngezingxenye ezincane, uxove nge-spatula kusuka phezulu kuya phansi. Dlulisa ingxube ephumela epanini lokubhaka eligcotshisiwe nelifakwe umgodi phakathi. Bhaka ku-180 ° C kuze kuphakame ikhekhe bese indawo iba igolide, imizuzu engu-50-60. Bese ukhipha ikhekhe, ufake i-rack rack kude nezinhlaka. Lapho selehlile ngokuphelele, izosuswa kalula kwisikhunta. Khonza ngoshukela oluyimpuphu.