Okuqukethwe
Kusukela esiqalekisweni seBhayibheli kuya ekuzaleni okungenabuhlungu
Sekungamakhulu eminyaka abesifazane bezala izingane zabo ngobuhlungu. Bethukile, babhekana nalobu buhlungu ngaphandle kokuzama ukulwa nabo, njengokufa, isiqalekiso: “Uyozala ngobuhlungu,” kusho iBhayibheli. Kwaba ngawo-1950 kuphela, eFrance, lapho umbono waqala ukuvela wokuthi ungazala ngaphandle kokuhlupheka, udinga nje ukukulungiselela. UDkt Fernand Lamaze, umbelethisi, uthola ukuthi, uma ehambisana kahle, owesifazane angabunqoba ubuhlungu bakhe. Wakha indlela, "Obstetric psycho prophylaxis" (PPO) esekelwe ezimisweni ezintathu: ukuchazela abesifazane ukuthi ukubeletha kwenzeka kanjani ukuze kususwe ukwesaba, ukunikeza omama besikhathi esizayo ukulungiswa ngokomzimba okuhlanganisa izikhathi eziningana zokuphumula. nokuphefumula phakathi nezinyanga zokugcina zokukhulelwa, ekugcineni umise ukulungiswa kwengqondo ukuze unciphise ukukhathazeka. Kusukela ngo-1950, amakhulukhulu okubeletha "okungenabuhlungu" kwenzeka esibhedlela saseBluets eParis. Ngokokuqala ngqa, abesifazane abasabuzwisi ubuhlungu bokubeletha, bazama ukubabusa nokubalawula. Indlela kaDkt Lamaze iwumsuka wamakilasi okulungiselela ukuzalwa esiwazi sonke namuhla.
Inguquko ye-epidural
Ukufika kwe-epidural, eyaziwa kusukela kuma-20s, kwakuyinguquko yangempela emkhakheni wokulawula ubuhlungu. Le nqubo ye-indolization yaqala ukusetshenziswa kusukela kuma-80s eFrance. Umgomo : yenza ndikindiki ingxenye engezansi yomzimba kuyilapho owesifazane ehlala ephapheme futhi ephaphame ngokuphelele. Ishubhu elincanyana, elibizwa ngokuthi i-catheter, lifakwa phakathi kwama-vertebrae amabili asesinqeni, ngaphandle komgogodla, bese kufakwa uketshezi olubulala izinzwa kulo, oluvimba ukudluliswa kobuhlungu kwemizwa. Ngokwengxenye yayo, i izinzwa zomgogodla Futhi yenza ndikindiki ingxenye engezansi yomzimba, isebenza ngokushesha kodwa umjovo awukwazi ukuphinda. Ngokuvamile kwenziwa uma kwenzeka ukuhlinzwa noma uma kwenzeka inkinga ekupheleni kokubeletha. Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu nge-epidural noma i-anesthesia yomgogodla ethinta i-82% yabesifazane ngo-2010 ngokumelene nama-75% ngo-2003, ngokusho kocwaningo lwe-Inserm.
Izindlela ezithambile zokuqeda izinhlungu
Kunezinye izindlela ezingasetshenziswa esikhundleni se-epidural ezingabususi ubuhlungu kodwa ezingabunciphisa. Ukuhogela amagesi aqeda ubuhlungu (i-nitrous oxide) ngesikhathi sokufinyela ivumela umama ukuba akhululeke isikhashana. Abanye besifazane bakhetha ezinye izindlela ezithambile. Kulokhu, ukulungiswa okuqondile kokuzalwa kubalulekile, kanye nokusekelwa kwethimba lezokwelapha ngosuku lwe-D. I-Sophrology, i-yoga, ukucula ngaphambi kokubeletha, i-hypnosis… zonke lezi ziqondiso zihlose ukusiza umama ukuthi azethembe. futhi uzuze ukuphumula, ngokuzivocavoca ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo. Mvumele azilalele ukuze athole izimpendulo ezinhle ngesikhathi esifanele, okungukuthi ngosuku lokubeletha.