U-Luria, u-Alexander Romanovich (Julayi 16, 1902, Kazan - Agasti 14, 1977) - isazi sezengqondo saseSoviet esaziwayo, umsunguli we-neuropsychology yaseRussia, umfundi we-LS Vygotsky.
UProfesa (1944), udokotela wesayensi yokufundisa (1937), udokotela wesayensi yezokwelapha (1943), ilungu eligcwele le-Academy of Pedagogical Sciences ye-RSFSR (1947), ilungu eligcwele le-Academy of Sciences ye-USSR (1967), ingeyenombolo yochwepheshe bezengqondo basekhaya abavelele abaye bathola ukuqashelwa kabanzi ngemisebenzi yabo yesayensi, yokufundisa neyomphakathi. Wathweswa iziqu Kazan University (1921) kanye 1st Moscow Medical Institute (1937). Ngo-1921-1934. - ngomsebenzi wesayensi nokufundisa eKazan, eMoscow, eKharkov. Kusukela ngo-1934 wasebenza ezikhungweni zocwaningo eMoscow. Kusukela ngo-1945 - uprofesa eMoscow State University. Inhloko yoMnyango we-Neuro- and Pathopsychology, i-Faculty of Psychology, i-Lomonosov Moscow State University MV Lomonosov (1966-1977). Phakathi neminyaka engaphezu kwengu-50 yomsebenzi wesayensi, u-AR Luria wenza umnikelo obalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwezindawo ezihlukahlukene zesayensi yezengqondo njenge-psycholinguistics, psychophysiology, psychology yezingane, ethnopsychology, njll.
U-Luria ungumsunguli kanye nomhleli oyinhloko we-Reports ye-APN ye-RSFSR, okushicilelwe lapho ummeleli wezindawo eziningi ezingokwengqondo nezobuntu (i-Moscow Logic Circle) yokucabanga kwangemva kwempi eRussia nase-USSR. baqala izincwadi zabo.
Ngokulandela imibono ka-LS Vygotsky, wakha umqondo wamasiko nomlando wokuthuthukiswa kwengqondo, wabamba iqhaza ekudaleni inkolelo-mbono yomsebenzi. Ngalesi sisekelo, wakha umqondo wesakhiwo sesistimu semisebenzi yengqondo ephakeme, ukuhlukahluka kwabo, i-plasticity, egcizelela isimo sesikhathi sokuphila sokwakheka kwabo, ukuqaliswa kwabo ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene zomsebenzi. Kuphenywe ubudlelwano bofuzo kanye nemfundo ekukhuleni kwengqondo. Esebenzisa indlela yamawele ngokwesiko esetshenziselwa le njongo, wenza izinguquko eziphawulekayo kuso ngokuqhuba ucwaningo lofuzo lokuhlola ukukhula kwezingane ngaphansi kwezimo zokwakheka okunenjongo kwemisebenzi yengqondo kwelinye lamawele. Wabonisa ukuthi izimpawu ze-somatic zinqunywa kakhulu ngokofuzo, imisebenzi yengqondo eyisisekelo (isibonelo, inkumbulo ebonakalayo) - ngezinga elincane. Futhi ukwakheka kwezinqubo zengqondo eziphakeme (ukucabanga komqondo, ukuqonda okunengqondo, njll.), izimo zemfundo zibaluleke kakhulu.
Emkhakheni we-defectology, wakha izindlela ezihlosiwe zokutadisha izingane ezingavamile. Imiphumela yocwaningo olunzulu lwemitholampilo nelokuphila kwezingane ezinezinhlobo ezahlukene zokukhubazeka ngokwengqondo yasebenza njengesisekelo sokuhlukaniswa kwazo, okubalulekile ezenzweni zokufundisa nezokwelashwa.
Wakha isiqondiso esisha - i-neuropsychology, manje eseyigatsha elikhethekile lesayensi yezengqondo futhi ithole ukuqashelwa emhlabeni jikelele. Ukuqala kokuthuthuka kwe-neuropsychology kwabekwa ucwaningo lwezinqubo zobuchopho ezigulini ezinezilonda zobuchopho zendawo, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokulimala. Wakha inkolelo-mbono yokwenziwa kwasendaweni kwemisebenzi yengqondo ephakeme, wakha izimiso eziyisisekelo zokwenziwa kwasendaweni okuguquguqukayo kwezinqubo zengqondo, wadala ukuhlukaniswa kwezifo ze-aphasia (bheka i-Aphasia) futhi wachaza izinhlobo ezingaziwa ngaphambili zokuphazamiseka kokukhuluma, wafunda indima ye-lobes yangaphambili. ubuchopho ekulawulweni kwezinqubo zengqondo, izindlela zobuchopho zenkumbulo.
U-Luria wayenodumo oluphakeme lwamazwe ngamazwe, wayeyilungu lakwamanye amazwe le-US National Academy of Sciences, i-American Academy of Sciences and Arts, i-American Academy of Pedagogy, kanye nelungu elihloniphekile lenqwaba yemiphakathi yezengqondo yangaphandle (British, French. , Swiss, Spanish and etc.). Wayengudokotela ohlonishwayo emanyuvesi amaningana: Leicester (England), Lublin (Poland), Brussels (Belgium), Tampere (Finland) nabanye. Imisebenzi yakhe eminingi ihunyushwe futhi yashicilelwa ngamadola aseMelika.
Izincwadi eziyinhloko
- Luria AR Inkulumo nobuhlakani ekukhuleni kwengane. —M., 1927.
- Luria AR Izifundo Zomlando Wokuziphatha: Inkawu. Okwakudala. Ingane. - M., 1930 (ebhalwe ngokubambisana no-LS Vygotsky).
- Luria AR Imfundiso ye-aphasia ekukhanyeni kwe-pathology yobuchopho. —M., 1940.
- Luria AR I-aphasia ehlukumezayo. —M., 1947.
- Luria AR Ukutholwa kwemisebenzi ngemva kokulimala kwempi. —M., 1948.
- Luria AR ingane ekhubazekile ngokomqondo. —M., 1960.
- Luria AR Ama-lobe angaphambili kanye nokulawulwa kwezinqubo zengqondo. —M., 1966.
- Luria AR Ubuchopho nezinqubo zengqondo. — M., 1963, Umq.1; M., 1970. Vol.2.
- Luria AR Imisebenzi ephakeme ye-cortical kanye nokukhubazeka kwayo ezilonda zobuchopho zendawo. - M., 1962, 2nd ed. 1969
- Luria AR I-Psychology njengesayensi yomlando. Ngo-1971.
- Luria AR Izisekelo ze-Neuropsychology. —M., 1973.
- Luria AR Ekuthuthukisweni komlando kwezinqubo zokuqonda. —M., 1974.
- Luria AR I-Neuropsychology yenkumbulo. - M., 1974. Umq.1; M., 1976. Vol.2.
- Luria AR Izinkinga eziyinhloko ze-neurolinguistics. —M., 1976.
- Luria AR Ulimi nolwazi (idem). —M., 1979.
- Luria AR Incwadi encane yezinkumbulo ezinhle.