I-Anosmia isho ukulahleka okuphelele kwephunga. Kungaba ukuzalwa, kube khona kusukela ekuzalweni, noma ukutholwe. Ngezimbangela eziningi, lokhu kuphazamiseka kwephunga kungaba nemiphumela eminingi empilweni yansuku zonke.

I-Anosmia ukuphazamiseka kwephunga okuholela ekungabikho noma ekulahlekelweni okuphelele kwephunga. Imvamisa iyimbumba kodwa kwesinye isikhathi ingabandakanya ikhala elilodwa kuphela. I-Anosmia akufanele ididaniswe ne-hyposmia eyehlisa iphunga.

I-Anosmia ingaba nemisuka eminingana. Ngokuya ngecala, ukulahleka kwephunga kungumphumela:

• an i-anomaly yokuzalwa, ekhona kusukela ekuzalweni;
• or ukuphazamiseka okutholakele.

Icala le-anosmia yokuzalwa

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, i-anosmia ikhona kusukela ekuzalweni. Ngokwemininingwane yesayensi yamanje, kuyisibonakaliso se-Kallmann syndrome, isifo sofuzo sokukhula kombungu.

Icala le-anosmia etholakele

Ezimweni eziningi, i-anosmia ingenxa yesifo esitholakele. Ukulahleka kwephunga kungaxhunyaniswa ne:

• ukuvinjelwa kwamaphaseji emakhaleni, okuvimbela umbono wephunga;
• ukuguqulwa kwethambo le-olfactory, eliphazamisa ukudluliswa kolwazi lokuthinta.

Ukuvinjelwa komgodi wamakhala kungavela ezimweni ezahlukahlukene njenge:

• i-rhinitis, ukuvuvukala kolwelwesi lwamafinyila emakhaleni okungaba nemvelaphi eminingi, ikakhulukazi imvelaphi yokungezwani komzimba (i-allergen rhinitis);
• i-sinusitis, ukuvuvukala kwezinambuzane ezinama-sinus, okuyisimo esingelapheki esivame ukuba imbangela ye-anosmia;
• i-nasal polyposis, okungukuthi, ukwakheka kwama-polyps (ukukhula) kulwelwesi lwamafinyila;
• ukuphambuka kwe-septum yamakhala.

I-nerf oloryactory ingonakaliswa ngu:

• ukubhema;
• ubuthi;
• izindlela ezithile zokwelashwa;
• izifo ezithile, ikakhulukazi lezo ezibangelwa igciwane lomkhuhlane (umkhuhlane) noma lezo ezibangelwa igciwane le-herpes simplex;
• i-hepatitis yegciwane, ukuvuvukala kwesibindi okubangelwa igciwane;
• ukuhlukumezeka ekhanda;
• ama-meningiomas, izicubu, ngokuvamile ezinobungozi, ezikhula kuma-meninges, ulwelwesi olumboze ubuchopho nomgogodla;
• izifo zemizwa.

Inkambo nemiphumela ye-anosmia iyahluka kuye ngamacala. Lesi sifo sokuhogela singaba sesikhashana uma kungenxa yokuvinjelwa okwedlula kwamaphaseji ekhala. Lokhu kunjalo ikakhulukazi nge-rhinitis.

Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kuphazamiseka kwephunga kuqhubeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, okungathinta impilo yansuku zonke ye-anosmics. I-anosmia eqhubekayo noma ecacisiwe ingadala imbangela ethile:

• umuzwa wokungakhululeki, okungathi, ezimweni ezibucayi kakhulu, kuholele ekuhoxisweni ngokwakho kanye nesifo sokucindezeleka;
• yokuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla, engahlotshaniswa ne-ageusia, ukulahlekelwa ukunambitheka;
• inkinga yokuphepha, okungenxa yokungakwazi ukuthola izimpawu zokuxwayisa ezifana nephunga lentuthu;
• indlela yokuphila engeyinhle, okuxhumene nokungakwazi ukuthola iphunga elibi.

Ukwelashwa kuqukethe ukwelapha umsuka we-anosmia. Ngokuya ngokuxilongwa, izindlela eziningi zokwelashwa zingabhekwa:

• ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa, ikakhulukazi uma kwenzeka ukuvuvukala komgudu wokuphefumula;
• ukuhlinzwa, ikakhulukazi lapho kutholakala isimila;
• ukulandelwa ngudokotela wezifo zengqondo, lapho i-anosmia idala izinkinga zengqondo.