Kokubili abesilisa nabesifazane, i-hormone ye-luteinizing noma i-LH idlala indima ebalulekile ekuzaleni. Ngempela iyingxenye yamahomoni aziwa ngokuthi ama-gonadotropin, abaqhubi bezindlala zokuzala. Ngakho-ke ukuphazamiseka ekukhiqizeni kwayo kungaba yisithiyo ekukhulelweni.

I-hormone ye-luteinizing noma i-LH (i-hormone ye-luteizing) ikhishwa i-anterior pituitary. Iyingxenye ye-gonadotropins: ilawula, kanye namanye amahomoni, izindlala zocansi (ama-gonads), kulokhu ama-ovari kwabesifazane kanye namasende emadodeni.

Kwabesifazane

Kanye ne-follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), i-LH idlala indima ebalulekile emjikelezweni wesibeletho. Yilona kanye ukuhlinzwa kwe-LH okuzodala ukuphuma kweqanda ngesikhathi sochungechunge lokusabela kweketanga:

• i-hypothalamus ikhiqiza i-gnRH (i-gonadotrophin ekhulula i-hormone) evuselela indlala ye-pituitary;
• ekuphenduleni, i-pituitary gland ikhiqiza i-FSH phakathi nesigaba sokuqala somjikelezo (kusukela osukwini lokuqala lokuya esikhathini kuya ekuphumeni kweqanda);
• ngaphansi komphumela we-FSH, ama-ovarian follicle athile azoqala ukuvuthwa. Amangqamuzana e-ovarian atholakala eduze kwama-ovarian follicles akhula azobe esekhipha i-estrogen eyengeziwe;
• lokhu kwanda kwezinga le-estrogen egazini lisebenza ku-hypothalamic-pituitary complex futhi kubangela ukukhululwa okukhulu kwe-LH;
• ngaphansi komphumela walokhu kunyuka kwe-LH, ukungezwani ku-follicle kuyanda. Ekugcineni iphula futhi ikhiphe i-oocyte epayipini: lokhu ukuvuthwa kwamaqanda, okwenzeka emahoreni angama-24 kuya kwangu-36 ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-LH.

Ngemva kokukhipha i-ovulation, i-LH iyaqhubeka idlala indima ebalulekile. Ngaphansi kwethonya layo, i-ovarian follicle ephukile ishintsha ibe indlala ebizwa ngokuthi i-corpus luteum yona ekhiqiza i-estrogen ne-progesterone, amahomoni amabili abalulekile ekukhulelweni kokuqala.

Kubantu

Njengama-ovari, ama-testes angaphansi kokulawulwa kwe-FSH ne-LH. Lokhu kokugcina kuvuselela amaseli e-Leydig anesibopho sokukhishwa kwe-testosterone. Ukukhishwa kwe-LH akuvamile ngemva kokuthomba.

Umthamo we-LH unganqunywa ezimweni ezahlukahlukene:

Kwabesifazane

• ebukhoneni bezimpawu zokuthomba ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma sekwephuzile;
• uma kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka kokuya esikhathini;
• uma kunenkinga yokukhulelwa: ukuhlolwa kwehomoni kwenziwa ngendlela ehlelekile njengengxenye yokuhlola ukungazali. Kubandakanya ikakhulukazi ukuzimisela kwe-LH;
• ukuthola ukwanda kwe-LH emchameni kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlonza usuku lokuphuma kweqanda, futhi ngenxa yalokho kunqunywe iwindi lakhe lokuzala ukuze kwandiswe amathuba akhe okukhulelwa. Lesi yisimiso sokuhlolwa kwe-ovulation esithengiswa emakhemisi;
• ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuhlolwa kwe-LH akunantshisekelo ekuxilongweni kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini (HAS 2005) (1).

Kubantu

• ebukhoneni bezimpawu zokuthomba ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma sekwephuzile;
• uma kunenkinga yokukhulelwa: ukuhlolwa kwehomoni nakho kwenziwa ngendlela ehlelekile emadodeni. Kubandakanya ikakhulukazi ukuhlolwa kwe-LH.

I-LH ihlolwa ngokuhlolwa kwegazi okulula. Kwabesifazane, kwenziwa ngosuku lwe-2, lwe-3 noma lwesi-4 lomjikelezo elabhorethri yereferensi, ngesikhathi esifanayo ne-FSH ne-estradiol assays. Uma kwenzeka i-amenorrhea (ukungabikho kwezikhathi), isampula ingathathwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi.

Esimweni sokuxilongwa kokuthomba sekwephuzile noma ngaphambi kwesikhathi entombazaneni encane noma kumfana, umthamo womchamo uzokhethwa. I-gonadotropins FSH kanye ne-LH ikhiqizwa ngendlela ethinta inhliziyo ngesikhathi sokuthomba futhi ikhishwa ingaphelele emchamweni. Ngakho-ke umthamo womchamo wenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlola kangcono amazinga okuphuma komchamo kunomthamo we-serum ofika ngesikhathi.

Ezinganeni

Amazinga aphezulu e-FSH kanye ne-LH angaba uphawu lokuthomba ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Kwabesifazane

Ngokuhlelekile, Izinga eliphezulu le-LH liholela ekushodakeni kwe-ovarian okuyinhloko (inkinga ngamaqanda ngokwawo abangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-gonadal) okungenzeka kube ngenxa yalokhu:

• i-anomaly yokuzalwa yama-ovari;
• i-chromosomal engavamile (ikakhulukazi i-Turner syndrome);
• ukwelashwa noma ukuhlinzwa okuthinta ukusebenza kwe-ovarian (i-chemotherapy, i-radiotherapy);
• i-polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS):
• isifo se-thyroid noma isifo se-adrenal;
• isimila esibelethweni.

Ngokuphambene, izinga eliphansi le-LH liholela ekuphazamisekeni kwesibeletho sesibili semvelaphi ephezulu (i-hypothalamus ne-pituitary) okuholela ekuntulekeni kokuvuselela i-gonadal. Esinye sezimbangela ezivame kakhulu yi-prolactin pituitary adenoma.

Kubantu

Izinga eliphezulu ngokungavamile le-LH liqondisa ukuxilongwa ekuhlulekeni kwamasende okuyinhloko okungase kube ngenxa yalokhu:

• ukungahambi kahle kwe-chromosomal;
• ukuntuleka kokuthuthukiswa kwama-testes (testicular genesis);
• ukuhlukumezeka kwamasende;
• ukutheleleka;
• ukwelashwa (i-radiotherapy, i-chemotherapy);
• isimila sesende;
• isifo se-autoimmune.

Izinga eliphansi le-LH libuyela ekuphazamisekeni komsuka ophezulu, ku-pituitary kanye ne-hypothalamus (isibonelo se-pituitary tumor) okuholela ekuhlulekeni kwamasende esibili.