Okuqukethwe
Kubhekwa njengenye yasendulo kakhulu - inqubo yentuthuko yayo yaqala cishe eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezine eyedlule futhi yayixhunyaniswe ngokungenakuhlukaniswa nomlando wabantu abangamaJuda uqobo. Ezulazula emhlabeni wonke amakhulu eminyaka, kancane kancane wamukela ulwazi lokupheka lwezinye izizwe, olwahlukanisa ukudla kwakhe.
Cishe eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane ezimbili eyedlule, i-cuisine yamaJuda yayihlukaniswe ngemibandela yaba сефардскою futhi Ashkenazi… Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuxoshwa kwamaJuda ePalestine. Imikhuba yokuqala ebumbene yokudla yabantu abavela eYemen, Morocco naseSpain, kanti eyesibili - evela eFrance, eRussia, eJalimane, ePoland naseMpumalanga Yurophu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, zisekhona futhi zinezici zazo.
I-Sephardic cuisine ihlukaniswa ukunambitheka kwayo okunothile nokuhlukahluka futhi ikhumbuza ukudla kwaseMedithera noma kwaseMpumalanga Ephakathi, kuyilapho i-Ashkenazi ibonakala ngokuzibamba nokulula. Noma kunjalo, kulapho kukhona izitsha ezikhethekile ezilungiswa kusuka ubuncane bezithako, kepha zinokunambitheka okuhlukile. Lokhu kuchazwa ngeqiniso lokuthi amaJuda uqobo ayehlala eYurophu kabi futhi baphoqeleka ukuba babe yinkimbinkimbi ukuze bondle umndeni omkhulu onambithekayo futhi owenelisayo njalo.
Ukugqanyiswa kokudla kwamaJuda – ngokwesiko eliyiqiniso neliqhubekayo lokupheka. Baye bamelana novivinyo lwesikhathi kanye nokuzulazula kwabantu babo emhlabeni wonke futhi basadluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Okokuqala, sikhuluma ngemithetho ye-kosher. Lena isethi yemithetho okulungiselelwa ngayo ukudla kwemikhosi nokwansuku zonke kwamaJuda. Abadume kakhulu kubo bakwenqabela ukuhlanganisa izinkukhu nobisi ezitsheni, ukudla igazi nengulube, futhi baphoqelele omama bamakhaya ukuthi basebenzise imimese ehlukene yemikhiqizo ehlukene.
Ukudla nemikhiqizo evunyelwe ukusetshenziswa kubizwa kosher… Lokhu kubandakanya inyama, ubisi, nokudla okungathathi hlangothi. Lezi zokugcina zihlanganisa imifino, izithelo, uju, amantongomane, inhlanzi enezikali, nokuningi. Inyama engeyona i-kosher ingunogwaja, inyama yekamela, inyama yezinyoni ezidla inyama nezilwane, inhlanzi engenazo izikali, igazi lezilwane, izinambuzane, izilwane ezihuquzelayo nezilwane eziphila ezweni.
Ukudla okuthandwa kakhulu ngamaJuda kungamafutha enkukhu nehansi, izinkukhu, ukhaphethi, ipiki, izaqathe, ama-beet, iklabishi, u-anyanisi, ama-radishes, amazambane, isibindi senkomo nesenyama yenkonyana. Ngokuqondene neziphuzo, bathanda itiye, ikhofi elimnyama elinamandla. Kusuka otshwaleni bakhetha i-vodka ene-anise namawayini endawo amahle.
Izindlela zokupheka ezidume kakhulu yilezi:
I-cuisine yamaJuda inenqwaba yezitsha zoqobo ezinamaphunga nama-flavour ahlukile. Lesi isitshulu esinezithelo namazambane athosiwe, isithombo sibiliswe kuzinyosi, inyama enezinongo ezimangazayo, ama-tsimes - isitshulu semifino esimnandi.
Noma kunjalo, inezitsha ezikhethekile ezibonakala noma kuphi emhlabeni, ezisungule isisekelo sayo emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka, okungukuthi:
Matzo.
I-Forshmak.
I-Hummus.
UFalafel.
Ama-artichokes othosiwe.
AmaLatkes.
Umhluzi wenkukhu onamadombolo asuselwa kumatzo womhlabathi.
Cholnt.
Izinhlanzi ze-Gefilte.
Matsebray.
Imizana.
Sawubona.
I-Bagel.
I-Homentashen.
Suffia.
Izinzuzo Zezempilo Zokudla KwamaJuda
Naphezu kwakho konke ukuvinjelwa, i-cuisine yamaJuda ihluke kakhulu. Kususelwa ezitsheni zenyama nenhlanzi, okuthi, ekubeni ngama-khalori aphezulu nokudla okunomsoco, kumuncwa kalula ngumzimba. Futhi cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi zinongwe ngobuningi bezinongo, ngoba ngokwesaga sasendulo samaJuda esithi "Ngokudla okungenamakha, akukho nzuzo nenjabulo."
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitsha zilungiswa lapha kuphela kusuka emikhiqizweni emihle, ekhethwe ngokucophelela futhi egeziwe engenawo amaphutha. Futhi imithetho ye-kosher ngokwayo iphinda isitatimende esaziwayo sikaHippocrates sokuthi umuntu yilokho akudlayo. Ngendlela, bathola ukuthethelelwa kwezokwelashwa kudala.
Ngokusho kwakhe, ukudla okungekho kosher kuthinta izinga likamoya lomuntu. Ngamanye amagama, ngokudla inyama yezilwane ezinolaka, yena uqobo uba nolaka. Ngokulandelayo, ukusebenzisa ukudla kosher, okubandakanya konke ukudla kwezitshalo ngendlela yazo yakuqala, uba nokuhlakanipha nempilo.
Ukudla kuphekwa lapha kuphela ezitsheni ze-kosher, ezibiliswa ngamanzi abilayo noma zihlatshwe ngomlilo, futhi aziqapheli imikhuba emibi. Kungakho izimiso zokondliwa kosher zivame ukwamukelwa ngabathandi bendlela yokuphila enempilo.
Namuhla, isilinganiso seminyaka yokuphila kwabakwa-Israel singesinye seziphezulu kakhulu emhlabeni waseNtshonalanga, eminyakeni engama-82 kwabesifazane neminyaka engama-79 kwabesilisa. Kwamanye amazwe, noma kunjalo, kuncike kakhulu ezingeni lokuthuthuka komnotho nemikhuba yabantu uqobo.
Ngokusekelwe ezintweni zokwakha Izithombe ezinhle kakhulu