Kungenzeka yini ukuba ungasamukeli kahle futhi kuyadingeka? Ingabe abalingani abasengozini nabazolile bazozwana? Imibuzo yethu iphendulwa ngumelaphi womndeni ogxile emoyeni futhi ohlelekile.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kokuba sengozini kanye nokuzwela?
Natalia Litvinova: Ukuzwela yindlela esibona ngayo izehlakalo empilweni, ekubeni sengozini - lapho sizizwa siyimbangela yazo. Ake sithi usho okuthile okungajabulisi kumuntu oxoxa naye. Umlingiswa osengozini uzophikisana kanje: kusho ukuthi kungenxa yami. Ngakho-ke iphutha lami. Akavumi ukuthi wena, ngokwesibonelo, usesimweni esibi. Akazibuzi ukuthi unalo yini ilungelo lokukhuluma naye ngaleyo ndlela. Ngokushesha uthatha konke ku-akhawunti yakhe.
Ingabe abantu abazwelayo bathola ukuphila kulula nabalingani abafanayo, noma udinga othile owugqinsi futhi olinganiselayo ukuze ubhalansise?
Konke akucaci lapha. Ukusebenzisana kwezinhlobo zobuntu ezifanayo kunamabhonasi: abalingani abanjalo bazizwa bengcono, baphathana ngenhlonipho nangokucophelela, kunembile ngamazwi nangezenzo. Bacabanga ukuthi yiziphi izimo ezibalimazayo, ngakho-ke abafuni ukulimaza umlingani wabo.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lapho ukhuluma, kusengcono ukuba namazinga ahlukene okusabela.
Umuntu osabela ngokuzola ngokwengeziwe ezintweni angaba yisibonelo kulowo osabela ngendlela ebuhlungu kulokho okwenzekayo. Ngalokhu okuphawuliwe, umlingani ozwelayo angase acabange ukuthi kukhona okunye kokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe, futhi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi aqale ukuyikhetha.
Okunye ukuhlanganisa kubonakala uma kwenzeka isimo esingalindelekile. Umbhangqwana usemathubeni amaningi okubhekana nakho uma, kuyilapho omunye eshaywa uvalo, omunye enza isinqumo esinolwazi. Kodwa kukhona futhi okungalungile: uzakwethu ongazweli kangako angase angaliqondi izinga lokuhlangenwe nakho komunye.
Yini enquma izinga lokuzwela?
I-excitability yesimiso sezinzwa yikhwalithi "esinikezwa" lapho sizalwa. Izinga lokuzwela ngokuqinisekile lithonywa indawo esikhulela kuyo. Uma umama enokungezwani okuqhubekayo futhi ebubula kuzo zonke izindaba ezincane eziphawulekayo, lokhu kungamethusa ingane, futhi izoqala nokulindela ukubanjwa kukho konke.
Cishe indaba efanayo nezingane zezidakwa kanye nalabo bazali abasebenzisa ubudlova obungokomzimba nokuziphatha. Emindenini enjalo, ingane kufanele ihlakulele ukuzwela ukuze ibambe imizwa yomzali. Ukwazi ukuthi ungayicela nini into, futhi uma kungcono ukucasha ekamelweni. Lokhu kuziphatha kuyisihluthulelo sokusinda.
Izinga eliphezulu lokuzwela elitholiwe lingancishiswa ngokubeka ingane endaweni ekhululekile, ephephile futhi evikelekile. Kodwa-ke, uma ingane ikhala ngokungalawuleki ngenxa yethoyizi eliphukile, akufanele usole yonke into ngokuzwela ngokweqile. Ezinganeni, umcimbi onjalo uyinhlekelele, njengabantu abadala, isibonelo, ukulahlekelwa indlu noma imoto.
Ingabe abantu abadala bangaphelelwa amandla?
Yebo, uma ekunika izinkinga eziningi. Isibonelo, ngokushintsha indawo yakho: indawo enomusa ingasebenza izimanga ngokushintsha umbono weqiniso.
Kungani ukubiza ukuze wehlise umoya ngokuvamile kungasizi?
Ukutshela umuntu ukuthi ehlise umoya akusizi, akusebenzi. Kodwa ngemva kwesikhalo esinjalo ngokuvamile kuba nesifiso sokusiza, nakuba siboniswa ngendlela egwegwile. Inhloso ibonakala inengqondo: othandekayo ukhathazekile, ngakho ngimeluleka ukuba ehlise umoya. Kodwa ukungakhathazeki kusho ukuyeka ukuzwa. Asiyikhethi imizwa yethu. Asizitsheli kithina ekuseni, "Ngizozwela kakhulu namuhla!"
Ngakho-ke, kufanele uzikhumbuze kaningi ukuthi yonke imizwa nokusabela kufanelekile, sinelungelo lokuba - futhi sizizwe
Uma unendaba ngothile ozama ukukuthulisa, futhi wazi ukuthi ufuna ukusiza, kungcono ukumchazela ngobumnene ukuthi lokhu akusebenzi. Futhi chaza ukuthi kusebenza kanjani. Kodwa uma benqaba ukukulalela, khona-ke iphimbo lengxoxo lingashintshwa ngokubeka ngokucacile imingcele yakho. Ngokwesibonelo, tshela ukuthi awukudingi ukuphawula okunjalo.
Ukuzwela ngokomzwelo, ukuzwela, nozwela kuhlobene kanjani?
Ukuzwela kuyimpendulo ku-stimulus yangaphandle yomzimba, njengomsindo. Isistimu yezinzwa inesibopho sayo, lokhu kuyindaba ye-physiology, futhi kunzima kakhulu ukuyithonya. Ukuzwela nozwela, noma ikhono lokubona imizwa yomunye, kungokunye. Zombili izakhiwo, uma zifunwa, zingathuthukiswa ngokuzicabangela wena endaweni yomunye.
Ingabe kwenzeka ukuthi abanye babone ukuzwela kwemvelo njenge-hypersensitivity?
Angikuqapheli lokhu. Ngendlela efanayo. “Unganaki”, “kukhohliwe”, “ungakufaki enhliziyweni”, “ehlisa umoya” — konke lokhu umzila obulokhu uqhubeka kusukela ezikhathini zamaSoviet. Futhi namuhla saqala ukunaka kakhulu isimo sethu, imizwa nemizwelo. Kunezinkampani ezikhathalela isimo semizwa yabasebenzi. Kuze kube manje, azikho eziningi zamafemu anjalo, kodwa kusobala ukuthi kancane kancane siqhubekela phambili kwamanye amathrekhi, lapho ukuzwela ngisho nokuzwela ngokweqile akubhekwa njengenkinga.
Mhlawumbe kufanele sonke sizizwele ukuze senze umhlaba ube indawo engcono?
Ayikho impendulo eyodwa kulo mbuzo. Uma sisho ukuthi ngokwanda kwezinga lokuzwela emhlabeni kuzoba nozwela nokuhloniphana, ngakho-ke mina, yiqiniso, ngikhona. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunemisebenzi eminingi lapho ukubonakaliswa kokuzwela kungase kuvame ukungafaneleki futhi kube yingozi. Lapho ingqondo ecacile nokubala okubandayo kuhlala kudingekile, ngaphandle kwalokho akukho mkhiqizo onzima ongacatshangwa.