UMasingana 24 yiholidi “elimnandi” - Usuku Lomhlaba Wonke Lwamaphaphu (Usuku Lwamazwe Ngamazwe Lwama-Eskimo). Usuku lokusungulwa kwalo lwakhethwa ngoba kwakungalolu suku ngo-1922 lapho uChristian Nelson, umnikazi wesitolo sikaswidi e-Onawa (Iowa, eU.SA), athola ilungelo lobunikazi le-popsicle.
I-Eskimo iwu-ayisikhilimu okhrimu othini ombozwe nge-chocolate glaze. Nakuba umlando wayo ubuyela emuva ezinkulungwaneni ezimbalwa zeminyaka (kunombono wokuthi kakade eRoma lasendulo umbusi uNero wazivumela i-dessert ebandayo enjalo), kuyisiko ukucabangela i-Eskimo njengosuku lokuzalwa. Futhi-ke, i-popsicle ayiyona nje i-ayisikhilimu, iwuphawu lwezinsuku zasehlobo ezingenandaba, ukunambitheka kobuntwana, uthando abaningi abaye balugcina ukuphila kwabo konke.
Ubani futhi nini "owasungula" i-popsicle, owasungula ukufaka induku kuyo, lapho igama layo livela khona… Bambalwa abantu abazi, futhi kunezinombolo eziningi kakhulu zezinhlobo nezingxabano ezizungeze le micimbi yomlando. Ngokusho kokunye okuvame kakhulu, umbhali walolu hlobo lwe-ayisikhilimu ngumpheki othile ophekiwe uChristian Nelson, owasungula ukumboza isigaxa sika-ayisikhilimu onokhilimu nge-chocolate glaze. Futhi wayibiza ngokuthi "Eskimo Pie" (Eskimo pie). Lokhu kwenzeka ngo-1919, kwathi eminyakeni emithathu kamuva wathola ilungelo lobunikazi lale "nto".
Lona kanye igama elithi "Eskimo", futhi ngokusho kwenguqulo eyodwa, livela eFrance, ababebiza ama-ovaroli wezingane, afana nemvunulo yakwa-Eskimo. Ngakho-ke, u-ayisikhilimu, "egqoke" ngoshokholethi obamba kahle "ama-ovalolo", ngokufanisa, futhi wathola igama elithi popsicle.
Kumele futhi kuthiwe lokhu kwakuyi-popsicle yokuqala ngaphandle kwenduku yokhuni - imfanelo yayo yamanje engashintshiwe, futhi yathola kuphela ngo-1934. Nakuba kunzima ukusho okuza kuqala - i-popsicle noma induku. Abanye banamathela enguqulweni yokuthi induku iyinhloko ku-ayisikhilimu. Futhi kusekelwe eqinisweni lokuthi uFrank Epperson othile, owake washiya ingilazi kalamula emakhazeni ngenduku enyakazayo, ngemuva kwesikhashana wathola isilinda sezithelo zeqhwa ngenduku efriziwe, eyayikulungele kakhulu ukuyidla. Ngakho-ke, ngo-1905, waqala ukulungisa ulamula oqandisiwe endukwini, bese lo mbono wathathwa ngabakhiqizi be-popsicle.
Noma kunjalo, uhlobo olusha lwe-ayisikhilimu lwethulwa emhlabeni, kwathi maphakathi nawo-1930 i-eskimo yathola abalandeli emazweni amaningi futhi ayilahlekelwa ukuthandwa kwayo okukhulu namuhla.
Ngendlela, inani elikhulu labalandeli be-Eskimo liseRussia. Kwavela eSoviet Union emuva ngo-1937, njengoba kukholakala, ngesinyathelo somuntu siqu se-People's Commissar of Food ye-USSR, ababekholelwa ukuthi isakhamuzi saseSoviet kufanele sidle okungenani ama-5 kg (!) Ka-ayisikhilimu ngonyaka. Ngakho-ke, ekuqaleni yayikhiqizwe njengento ewujuqu kwabayizimfundamakhwela, yashintsha isimo sayo futhi yahlukaniswa ngokuthi “imikhiqizo enekhalori ephezulu neqinisiwe eqabulayo futhi enezici zokwelapha nezokudla.” UMikoyan uphinde wagcizelela ukuthi u-ayisikhilimu kufanele ube wumkhiqizo wokudla omningi futhi ukhiqizwe ngamanani athengekayo.
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-popsicle ngokukhethekile kwafakwa kojantshi bezimboni ekuqaleni eMoscow kuphela - ngo-1937, embonini yefriji yaseMoscow engu-8 (manje eyi- “Ice-Fili”), imboni yokuqala ye-ayisikhilimu yokuqala ngaleso sikhathi eyayinamandla angamathani angama-25 ngosuku lwaqala ukusebenza (ngaphambi kokuthi kukhiqizwe u-ayisikhilimu indlela yezandla). Bese kuthi enhlokodolobha kube nomkhankaso obanzi wokukhangisa ngohlobo olusha lwe-ayisikhilimu - i-popsicle. Ngokushesha okukhulu, la masilinda e-glazed ice lolly aba yinto ethandwa kakhulu yizingane nabantu abadala ngokufanayo.
Ngokushesha, izitshalo zokugcina ezibandayo nezindawo zokukhiqiza ze-popsicle zavela kwamanye amadolobha aseSoviet. Ekuqaleni, yenziwa emshinini wokudosa ngesandla, futhi kungemva kweMpi Enkulu Yobuzwe, ngo-1947, kwavela i- "popsicle generator" yokuqala yezimboni yohlobo lwe-carousel (eMoskhladokombinat nombolo 8), eyenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukwandisa kakhulu ivolumu ye-popsicle ekhiqiziwe.
Kumelwe sihloniphe ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yemikhiqizo, i-popsicle yenziwe kusuka kukhilimu wezinga eliphezulu - futhi lokhu kuyisimo esinembile se-ayisikhilimu yaseSoviet. Noma yikuphi ukuphambuka ekunambithekeni, umbala noma iphunga kwakubhekwa njengomshado. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isikhathi sokuthengisa i-ayisikhilimu sasinqunyelwe isonto elilodwa, ngokungafani nezinyanga ezimbalwa zanamuhla. Ngendlela, i-ayisikhilimu yaseSoviet yayithandwa hhayi kuphela ekhaya, amathani angaphezu kwezinkulungwane ezimbili zomkhiqizo athunyelwa minyaka yonke.
Kamuva, ukwakheka nohlobo lwe-popsicle lwashintsha, ama-ovals, ama-parallelepipeds nezinye izibalo zashintsha amasilinda acwebezelayo, i-ayisikhilimu ngokwayo yaqala ukwenziwa hhayi nje ngokhilimu, kodwa futhi nobisi, noma okuphuma kuyo. Ukwakheka kwe-glaze nakho kwashintsha - ushokoledi wemvelo wathathelwa indawo ngama-glazes ngamafutha emifino namadayi. Uhlu lwabakhiqizi be-popsicle nalo lunwetshiwe. Ngakho-ke, namuhla wonke umuntu angakhetha i-popsicle ayintandokazi ezinhlobonhlobo zemikhiqizo yokudla emakethe.
Kepha, ngaphandle kokuncamelayo, ngoSuku Lomhlaba Wonke Lwezimoto, bonke abathandi balesi sidlo bangasidla benencazelo ekhethekile, ngaleyo ndlela begubha leli holide. Into esemqoka okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi ngokusho kwe-GOST yamanje, i-popsicle ingaba kuphela endukwini nase-glaze, ngaphandle kwalokho akuyona i-popsicle.
Ngendlela, akudingekile neze ukuthenga lokhu kudla okubandayo okubandayo esitolo - ungakwenza ekhaya usebenzisa imikhiqizo elula nenempilo. Izindlela zokupheka aziyona inkimbinkimbi nhlobo, futhi ziyatholakala nakubapheki abangenalwazi.