Ngenisa okuqukethwe kwefayela le-CSV ku-Excel

I-CSV iyisandiso sefayela esidumile esisetshenziswa kakhulu ukushintshanisa idatha phakathi kwezinhlelo zekhompuyutha ezihlukene. Ngokuvamile, asikho isidingo sokuvula nokuhlela amadokhumenti anjalo. Nokho, kwezinye izimo, abasebenzisi bangase babhekane nomsebenzi onjalo. I-Excel ikuvumela ukuthi wenze lokhu, kodwa ngokungafani namafayela ajwayelekile efomethi I-XLS и I-XLSX, ukuvele uvule idokhumenti ngokuchofoza kabili igundane akunikezi ngaso sonke isikhathi umphumela wekhwalithi ephezulu, okungase kuphumele ekubonisweni okungalungile kolwazi. Ake sibone ukuthi ungawavula kanjani amafayela e-CSV ku-Excel.

Ivula amafayela e-CSV

Okokuqala, ake sithole ukuthi yimiphi imibhalo ekule fomethi.

CSV isifinyezo esimele “Amanani Ahlukaniswe Ngokhefana” (ngezindlela "amanani ahlukaniswe ngamakhoma").

Njengoba igama liphakamisa, le mibhalo isebenzisa ama-delimiters:

• ukhefana - ngezinguqulo zesiNgisi;
• i-semicolon - kuzinguqulo zohlelo.

Lapho uvula idokhumenti ku-Excel, umsebenzi oyinhloko (inkinga) ukukhetha indlela yokufaka ikhodi esetshenziswa lapho ulondoloza ifayela. Uma umbhalo ongalungile ukhethiwe, umsebenzisi cishe uzobona izinhlamvu eziningi ezingafundeki, futhi ukusizakala kolwazi kuzoncishiswa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-delimiter esetshenzisiwe ibaluleke kakhulu. Isibonelo, uma idokhumenti ilondolozwe kunguqulo yesiNgisi bese uzama ukuyivula enguqulweni, ikhwalithi yolwazi olubonisiwe cishe izohlupheka. Isizathu, njengoba siphawulile ekuqaleni, ukuthi izinguqulo ezahlukene zisebenzisa ama-delimiters ahlukene. Ake sibone ukuthi ungazigwema kanjani lezi zinkinga nokuthi ungawavula kanjani amafayela e-CSV ngendlela efanele.

Indlela 1: Chofoza kabili noma ngemenyu yokuqukethwe

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka ezindleleni eziyinkimbinkimbi, ake sibheke elula kunazo zonke. Kusebenza kuphela ezimeni lapho ifayela lidalwe / ligcinwa futhi lavulwa enguqulweni efanayo yohlelo, okusho ukuthi akumele kube nezinkinga ngombhalo wekhodi nama-delimiters. Kunezinketho ezimbili ezingenzeka, sizozichaza ngezansi.

I-Excel isethwe njengohlelo oluzenzakalelayo lokuvula amafayela e-CSV

Uma kunjalo, ungakwazi ukuvula idokhumenti njenganoma yiliphi elinye ifayela - vele uchofoze kabili kulo.

Olunye uhlelo lwabelwe ukuvula amafayela e-CSV noma lunganikezwanga nhlobo

I-algorithm yesenzo ezimweni ezinjalo imi kanje (usebenzisa iWindows 10 njengesibonelo):

1. Sichofoza kwesokudla efayeleni nakumenyu yokuqukethwe evulayo, simisa umyalo “Ukuvula nge”.
2. Kumenyu yokusiza, isistimu inganikeza ngokushesha uhlelo lwe-Excel. Kulokhu, chofoza kukho, ngenxa yalokho ifayela lizovuleka (njengokuchofoza kabili kulo). Uma uhlelo esiludingayo lungekho ohlwini, chofoza entweni "Khetha olunye uhlelo lokusebenza".
3. Kuzovela iwindi lapho singakhetha khona uhlelo (ukwandisa uhlu lwezinketho ezitholakalayo, udinga ukucindezela inkinobho "Izinhlelo Zokusebenza Eziningi") ofuna ukuvula ngayo idokhumenti. Sibheka esikudingayo bese uchofoza OK. Ukwenza i-Excel ibe uhlelo oluzenzakalelayo lwalolu hlobo lwefayela, qala ngokuqoka ibhokisi elifanele.
4. Kwezinye izimo, lapho i-Excel ingatholakali kuleli windi, chofoza inkinobho “Thola olunye uhlelo lokusebenza kule khompyutha” ekugcineni kohlu.
5. Kuzovela iwindi esikrinini lapho siya endaweni yohlelo ku-PC, maka ifayela elisebenzisekayo ngesandiso. BHEKA bese ucindezela inkinobho "Vula".

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iyiphi kulezi zindlela ezichazwe ngenhla ekhethiwe, umphumela uzoba ukuvulwa kwefayela le-CSV. Njengoba sishilo ngenhla, okuqukethwe kuzovezwa kahle kuphela uma umbhalo wekhodi nezihlukanisi zifana.

Kwezinye izimo, into efana nalena ingase ivele:

Ngakho-ke, indlela echazwe ayifanele ngaso sonke isikhathi, futhi sidlulela kokulandelayo.

Indlela yesi-2: Sebenzisa Iwizadi Yombhalo

Masisebenzise ithuluzi elihlanganiswe ohlelweni – I-Text Master:

1. Ngemva kokuvula uhlelo futhi udale ishidi elisha, ukuze ufinyelele yonke imisebenzi namathuluzi wendawo yokusebenza, shintshela kuthebhu "Idatha"lapho sichofoza inkinobho "Ithola idatha yangaphandle". Phakathi kwezinketho ezivelayo, khetha "Kusuka embhalweni".
2. Iwindi lizovuleka lapho sidinga ukuzulazula siye endaweni yefayela esifuna ukulingenisa. Ngemva kokuyimaka, cindezela inkinobho "Ngenisa".
3. The I-Text Master. Hlola ukuthi inketho ikhethiwe yini “nabahlukanisi” okwepharamitha "Ifomethi yedatha". Ukukhethwa kwefomethi kuncike ekubhaleni ngekhodi okusetshenziswe ngenkathi kulondolozwa. Phakathi kwamafomethi aziwa kakhulu "Cyrillic (DOS)" и "Unicode (UTF-8)". Ungaqonda ukuthi ukukhetha okulungile kwenziwe ngokugxila ekubukeni kuqala kokuqukethwe phansi kwefasitela. Kuyafaneleka kithi "Unicode (UTF-8)". Amapharamitha asele ngokuvamile awadingi ukucushwa, ngakho chofoza inkinobho "Dalee".
4. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuchaza uhlamvu olusebenza njenge-delimiter. Njengoba idokhumenti yethu idalwe / ilondolozwe enguqulweni yohlelo, siyayikhetha "semicolon". Lapha, njengasendaweni yokukhetha umbhalo wekhodi, sinethuba lokuzama izinketho ezahlukene, sihlole umphumela endaweni yokubuka kuqala (ungakwazi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ucacise umlingiswa wakho ngokukhetha inketho. "Omunye"). Ngemva kokusetha izilungiselelo ezidingekayo, cindezela inkinobho futhi. "Dalee".
5. Efasiteleni lokugcina, ngokuvamile, awudingi ukwenza izinguquko kuzilungiselelo ezijwayelekile. Kodwa uma ufuna ukushintsha ifomethi yekholomu, qala uchofoze kuyo ezansi kwefasitela (insimu "Isampula"), bese ukhetha inketho efanelekile. Cindezela uma usulungile “Kulungile”.
6. Kuzovela iwindi lapho sikhetha khona indlela yokungenisa idatha (esivele sikhona noma eshidini elisha) bese uchofoza OK.
   • esimweni sokuqala, kufanele ucacise ikheli leseli (noma ushiye inani elimisiwe) elizoba ingxenye ephezulu kwesokunxele yokuqukethwe okungenisiwe. Ungakwenza lokhu ngesandla ngokufaka izixhumanisi usebenzisa ikhibhodi, noma ngokumane uchofoze iseli oyifunayo eshidini (ikhesa kufanele ibe sendaweni efanele yokufaka imininingwane).
   • uma ukhetha inketho yokungenisa eshidini elisha, awudingi ukucacisa izixhumanisi.
7. Konke sekumi ngomumo, sikwazile ukungenisa idatha yefayela le-CSV. Ngokungafani nendlela yokuqala, singaqaphela ukuthi ububanzi bekholomu buye bahlonishwa, kucatshangelwa okuqukethwe kwamaseli.

Indlela yesi-3: usebenzisa imenyu ethi “Ifayela”

Futhi indlela yokugcina ongayisebenzisa yile elandelayo:

1. Ngemva kokuqala uhlelo, khetha into "Vula".Uma uhlelo seluvele lwavulwa ngaphambilini futhi umsebenzi wenziwa eshidini elithile, yiya kumenyu "Fayela".Chofoza umyalo "Vula" ohlwini lwemiyalo.
2. Cindezela inkinobho "Buyekeza"ukuya efasiteleni Conductor.
3. Khetha ifomethi "Wonke amafayela", hamba endaweni lapho idokhumenti yethu igcinwe khona, yiphawule bese uchofoza inkinobho "Vula".
4. Esikujwayele kuzovela esikrinini. Isilekeleli Sokungenisa Umbhalo. Bese silandela izinyathelo ezichazwe ku Indlela ye-2.

Isiphetho

Ngakho-ke, naphezu kobunzima obubonakalayo, uhlelo lwe-Excel lukuvumela ngokugcwele ukuthi uvule futhi usebenze ngamafayela ngefomethi ye-CSV. Into esemqoka ukunquma indlela yokuqaliswa. Uma, lapho uvula idokhumenti ngokujwayelekile (chofoza kabili noma ngemenyu yokuqukethwe), okuqukethwe kwayo kuqukethe izinhlamvu ezingaqondakali, ungasebenzisa i-Text Wizard, ekuvumela ukuthi ukhethe uhlamvu olufanele lombhalo wekhodi nesihlukanisi, oluthinta ngqo ukulunga ulwazi olubonisiwe.