I-Hypomania yisifo semizwa esibonakala ngezikhathi zokucasuka, ukuxakeka ngokweqile, nokushintshashintsha kwemizwelo. Ayikatholakali ukuthi injalo futhi isalokhu ibonwa njengomzuzu wesimo esihle kakhulu. Ngokuvamile kuba ukuqala kwesiqephu sokucindezeleka ngemva kwesikhathi se-hypomania esiholela ekuxilongweni kwalesi sifo. Inhlanganisela yokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa, ukwelashwa kwengqondo kanye nendlela yokuphila enempilo kusiza ukuzinzisa isimo sengqondo sesiguli.

Incazelo ye-hypomania

I-Hypomania iwukuphazamiseka kwemizwelo ebonakala ngezikhathi zokucasuka, ukuxakeka ngokweqile nokushintshashintsha kwemizwelo, okuhambisana nokuphazamiseka kokulala. Ubude balezi zimpawu abudluli izinsuku ezine.

Lesi sigaba sivame ukulandelwa esinye, esicindezelayo. Bese sikhuluma nge-bipolarity, okusho ukudangala kwengqondo, ukushintshashintsha kwe-manias kanye nokucindezeleka.

I-Hypomania ngokuvamile ayimahlalakhona. Inguqulo elula ye-mania. I-Mania yi-pathology ehlala okungenani isonto futhi iveza ukuguqulwa okuphawulekayo ekusebenzeni okungaholela ekulalisweni esibhedlela noma ukubonakala kwezimpawu ze-psychotic - ukubona izinto ezingekho, ukukhohlisa, i-paranoia.

I-Hypomania ingase futhi ibe khona njengengxenye yokuphazamiseka kokunaka noma ngaphandle kokusebenza ngokweqile - okwaziwa ngesifushaniso esithi ADHD -, noma i-schizoaffective disorder, uma ihambisana neziqephu. okukhohlisayo.

Izinhlobo ze-hypomanies

Kukhona uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lwe-hypomania.

Izinkinga ze-hypomania

Enye yezimbangela ze-hypomania i-genetic. Ucwaningo lwakamuva lubonisa ukubandakanyeka kwezakhi zofuzo eziningana - ikakhulukazi kuma-chromosomes 9, 10, 14, 13 kanye no-22 - ekuqaleni kwalesi sifo. Le nhlanganisela yezakhi zofuzo, okuthiwa zisengozini, yenza izimpawu, ngakho-ke izindlela zokwelapha, zihluke kumuntu ngamunye.

Enye i-hypothesis ibeka phambili inkinga ekucutshungulweni kwemicabango. Lokhu kukhathazeka bekuzovela ekungasebenzini kahle kwama-neuron athile, okungadala ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-hippocampus - indawo yobuchopho ebalulekile ekukhumbuleni nokufunda. Lokhu kuzobe sekudala ukuphazamiseka emsebenzini wama-neurotransmitters adlala indima enkulu ekucubungulweni kwemicabango. Le thiyori isekelwa ukusebenza kahle okuhlobene kwezidakamizwa ze-psychotropic - okuhlanganisa nokuqiniswa kwemizwa - esebenza kulawa ma-neurotransmitters.

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hypomania

Uma kubhekwa ukuqina kwazo okuphansi nobufushane bazo, izigaba ze-hypomania zivame ukuba nzima kakhulu ukuzibona, ngaleyo ndlela kuholele ekuxilongweni okungaphansi kwalezi ziqephu. Iqembu likholelwa ukuthi umuntu usesikhathini esihle kakhulu, usesimweni esihle kakhulu. Ngokuvamile kuwukuqala kwesifo sokucindezeleka esilandela lesi sigaba se-hypomanic esiqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Ukuxilongwa sekwephuzile kuvame ukwenziwa ngasekupheleni kokuthomba noma lapho usumdala, cishe eminyakeni engama-20-25.

Amathuluzi akwenza kube nokwenzeka ukukhomba kangcono i-hypothesis yokuba khona kwe-hypomania:

• Umbuzo Wokugula Kwemizwa -Inguqulo yoqobo ngesiNgisi- eyashicilelwa ngo-2000 kuI-American Journal of Psychiatry, izokwazi ukuhlonza abantu abayisikhombisa kwabayishumi abane-bipolar disorder - abane-alternating (hypo) mania nokucindezeleka - nokuhlunga abantu abayisishiyagalolunye kwabayishumi abangenakho. Inguqulo yesiNgisi yoqobo: http://www.sadag.org/images/pdf/mdq.pdf. Inguqulo ehunyushelwe olimini lwesiFulentshi: http://www.cercle-d-excellence-psy.org/fileadmin/Restreint/MDQ%20et%20Cotation.pdf;
• La Uhlu lokuhlola lwe-hypomanie, eqondise i-hypomania eyengeziwe iyodwa, eyasungulwa ngo-1998 nguJules Angst, uprofesa wezifo zengqondo: http://fmc31200.free.fr/bibliotheque/hypomanie_angst.pdf.

Qaphela, uchwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo kuphela ongasungula ukuxilongwa okuthembekile esebenzisa lawa mathuluzi.

Abantu abathintekayo yi-hypomania

Izinga lokusabalala kwempilo yonke ye-hypomania kubantu abaningi lingama-2-3%.

Izinto ezikhuthaza i-hypomania

Imindeni ehlukene yezinto ikhuthaza i-hypomania.

Izinto ezihlobene nemicimbi yempilo ecindezelayo noma ekhumbulekayo njenge:

• Ukucindezeleka okungapheli - ikakhulukazi okuhlangenwe nakho ngesikhathi sosana;
• Isikweletu esikhulu sokulala;
• Ukushonelwa othandekayo;
• Ukulahlekelwa noma ukushintsha umsebenzi;
• Ukuhamba.

Izinto ezihlobene nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezithile:

• Ukusetshenziswa kwe-cannabis ngesikhathi sangaphambi kokuthomba noma sokuthomba;
• Ukusetshenziswa kwe-anabolic androgenic steroids (ASA) - ama-doping agents anamandla kubagijimi);
• Ukuthatha ama-antidepressants e-tricyclic afana ne-desipramine, aziwa ngokuheha imijikelezo esheshayo noma iziqephu ze-manic noma ze-hypomanic.

Okokugcina, izici zofuzo akufanele zeqiwe. Futhi ingozi yokuthuthukisa i-hypomania iphindaphindwa ngamahlanu uma esinye sezihlobo zethu zeziqu zokuqala sesinayo kakade.

Ukungaqondakali

I-Hypomania iholela ekuziphatheni okungokwenhlalo, kochwepheshe, kwesikole noma kocansi noma ukuyaluza - ukungalawuleki, i-pathological and maladaptive psychomotor hyperactivity.

Ukuntuleka kokuhlushwa

I-Hypomania ibangela ukuntuleka kokugxilisa ingqondo nokunaka. Abantu abane-hypomania baphazamiseka kalula futhi / noma bakhangwa izisusa zangaphandle ezingabalulekile noma ezingabalulekile.

Ukushayela engcupheni eyengeziwe

I-hypomaniac ihileleka kakhulu emisebenzini ejabulisayo, kodwa engase ibe nemiphumela elimazayo - isibonelo, umuntu uqala ngokunganaki ekuthengeni budedengu, ekuziphatheni kobulili budedengu noma ukutshalwa kwezimali kwebhizinisi okungenangqondo.

Ukucindezeleka

Imvamisa kuba wukuqala kwesifo sokucindezeleka kulandela isigaba sokungabi namandla okuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa.

Ezinye izimpawu

• Ukwenyuka ukuzethemba noma imibono yobukhulu;
• Ukunwetshwa;
• I-Euphoria;
• Ukunciphisa isikhathi sokulala ngaphandle kokukhathala;
• Ukuzimisela ukukhuluma njalo, ukuxhumana okukhulu;
• Ukuphunyuka kwemibono: isiguli sidlula ngokushesha kakhulu sisuka eqhude siye embongolweni;
• Ukuthukuthela;
• Izimo zengqondo zokuzikhukhumeza noma zokudelela.

Ukwelashwa kwe-hypomania kuvame ukuhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana zokwelapha.

Futhi, esimweni sesiqephu se-hypomania lapho kungekho shintsho oluphawulekayo ekusebenzeni kochwepheshe, imisebenzi yomphakathi, noma ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu, ukulaliswa esibhedlela akudingekile.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Pharmacological kungenziwa isikhathi eside, kusukela eminyakeni emibili kuya kwemihlanu, noma ngisho nempilo yonke. Lokhu kwelashwa kungase kuhlanganise:

• I-mood stabilizer -noma i-thymoregulator-, engeyona i-stimulant noma i-sedative, futhi oku-3 okuyinhloko okuyi-lithium, i-valproate ne-carbamazepine;
• I-antipsychotic engavamile (APA): i-olanzapine, i-risperidone, i-aripiprazole ne-quetiapine.

Ucwaningo lwakamuva luveza ukuthi esikhathini esimaphakathi - ngaphezu konyaka owodwa noma emibili - inhlanganisela yokuqiniswa kwemizwelo ene-APA isu lokwelapha elinikeza imiphumela engcono kune-monotherapy.

Qaphela, nokho, phakathi nesiqephu sokuqala se-hypomania, ulwazi lwamanje lusimema ukuthi sithande ukwelashwa kwe-monotherapy, ukuze simelane nokubekezelela okumpofu okungaba khona kwezinhlanganisela zama-molecule.

I-Psychotherapies nayo ibalulekile ekwelapheni i-hypomanias. Ake sicaphune:

• I-Psychoeducation isiza ukuthuthukisa amasu okubhekana noma ukuvimbela iziqephu ze-manic ngokulawula ukulala, ukudla kanye nomsebenzi womzimba;
• Izindlela zokwelapha zokuziphatha nezengqondo.

Okokugcina, imikhuba emihle yokudla, okuhlanganisa izithelo nemifino, nokulawula isisindo nakho kusiza i-hypomania yesiteshi.

Ukuvimbela i-hypomania noma ukuphindaphinda kwayo kudinga:

• Gcina indlela yokuphila enempilo;
• Gwema ama-antidepressants - ngaphandle uma i-prescription yangaphambilini iphumelele futhi ayizange ibangele ukuguquguquka kwe-hypomanic okuxubile, noma uma isimo sengqondo sidangele lapho simisa i-antidepressant;
• Gwema ukumnika i-St. John's Wort, i-antidepressant yemvelo;
• Ungayeki ukwelashwa - isigamu sokubuyela emuva kungenxa yokuyeka ukwelashwa ngemva kwezinyanga eziyisithupha.