I-hyperlaxity ukunyakaza kwamalunga okweqile.

Ukumelana namandla kwezicubu zangaphakathi zomzimba kulawulwa amaphrotheni athile ezicubu ezixhumeneyo. Endabeni yokuguqulwa kwala maprotheni, izinto ezingavamile eziphathelene nezingxenye ezinyakazayo zomzimba (amalunga, imisipha, uqwanga nemisipha) ziba nomthelela omkhulu, zibe sengozini kakhulu futhi zibe ntekenteke futhi zingadala izilonda. Ngakho-ke i-articular hyperlaxity.

Le hyperlaxity iholela ekwandiseni okulula nokungenabuhlungu kwamalungu athile omzimba. Lokhu kuguquguquka kwemilenze kuwumphumela oqondile wokuba sengozini noma ngisho nokungabikho kwemigqa futhi ngezinye izikhathi ubuthakathaka bethambo.

Le pathology ithinta kakhulu amahlombe, izindololwane, izihlakala, amadolo neminwe. I-hyperlaxity ivame ukuvela ebuntwaneni, ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwezicubu ezixhunyiwe.

Amanye amagama ahlotshaniswa nalesi sifo, yilawa: (2)

- hypermobility;

- isifo se-loose ligaments;

- hyperlaxity syndrome.

Abantu abane-hyperlaxity bazwela kakhulu futhi banengozi enkulu yokuphuka kanye nokukhishwa kwe-ligament ngesikhathi se-sprains, i-sprains, njll.

Izindlela zenza kube nokwenzeka ukunciphisa ubungozi bezinkinga kumongo wale pathology, ikakhulukazi:

- izivivinyo zokuqinisa imisipha kanye nemisipha;

- funda "uhla olujwayelekile" lokunyakaza ukuze ugweme izandiso ezinkulu:

- ukuvikelwa kwemigqa ngesikhathi sokusebenza ngokomzimba, kusetshenziswa ama-padding systems, ama-knee pads, njll.

Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kuhilela ukukhulula ubuhlungu nokuqinisa imisipha. Kulo mongo, incwadi kadokotela yezidakamizwa (okhilimu, izifutho, njll.) ivamise ukuhlotshaniswa futhi ihambisane nokuzivocavoca umzimba kokwelapha. (3)

I-hyperlaxity ukunyakaza kwamalunga okweqile.

Ukumelana namandla kwezicubu zangaphakathi zomzimba kulawulwa amaphrotheni athile ezicubu ezixhumeneyo. Endabeni yokuguqulwa kwala maprotheni, izinto ezingavamile eziphathelene nezingxenye ezinyakazayo zomzimba (amalunga, imisipha, uqwanga nemisipha) ziba nomthelela omkhulu, zibe sengozini kakhulu futhi zibe ntekenteke futhi zingadala izilonda. Ngakho-ke i-articular hyperlaxity.

Le hyperlaxity iholela ekwandiseni okulula nokungenabuhlungu kwamalungu athile omzimba. Lokhu kuguquguquka kwemilenze kuwumphumela oqondile wokuba sengozini noma ngisho nokungabikho kwemigqa futhi ngezinye izikhathi ubuthakathaka bethambo.

Le pathology ithinta kakhulu amahlombe, izindololwane, izihlakala, amadolo neminwe. I-hyperlaxity ivame ukuvela ebuntwaneni, ngesikhathi sokuthuthukiswa kwezicubu ezixhunyiwe.

Amanye amagama ahlotshaniswa nalesi sifo, yilawa: (2)

- hypermobility;

- isifo se-loose ligaments;

- hyperlaxity syndrome.

Abantu abane-hyperlaxity bazwela kakhulu futhi banengozi enkulu yokuphuka kanye nokukhishwa kwe-ligament ngesikhathi se-sprains, i-sprains, njll.

Izindlela zenza kube nokwenzeka ukunciphisa ubungozi bezinkinga kumongo wale pathology, ikakhulukazi:

- izivivinyo zokuqinisa imisipha kanye nemisipha;

- funda "uhla olujwayelekile" lokunyakaza ukuze ugweme izandiso ezinkulu:

- ukuvikelwa kwemigqa ngesikhathi sokusebenza ngokomzimba, kusetshenziswa ama-padding systems, ama-knee pads, njll.

Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kuhilela ukukhulula ubuhlungu nokuqinisa imisipha. Kulo mongo, incwadi kadokotela yezidakamizwa (okhilimu, izifutho, njll.) ivamise ukuhlotshaniswa futhi ihambisane nokuzivocavoca umzimba kokwelapha. (3)

Izimo eziningi ze-hyperlaxity azihlobene nanoma iyiphi imbangela eyisisekelo. Kulokhu, i-benign hyperlaxity.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, le pathology ingabuye ixhunywe:

- ukungahambi kahle kwesakhiwo samathambo, ukuma kwamathambo;

- okungavamile kwethoni nokuqina kwemisipha;

- ukuba khona kwe-hyperlaxity emndenini.

Lesi sigameko sokugcina sigqamisa ukuthi kungenzeka yini ufuzo ekudluliselweni kwalesi sifo.

Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, i-hyperlaxity ibangelwa izimo zezokwelapha ezingaphansi. Lokhu kubandakanya: (2)

- Down syndrome, ebonakala ngokukhubazeka kwengqondo;

- i-cleidocranial dysplasia, ebonakala ngokuphazamiseka okuzuzwe njengefa ekuthuthukisweni kwamathambo;

I-Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, ebonakala ngokunwebeka okubalulekile kwezicubu ezixhumeneyo;

- Marfan syndrome, okubuye kube isifo izicubu ezixhumene;

- I-Morquio syndrome, isifo esitholakala ngofuzo esithinta imetabolism.

Izingozi zokuthuthukisa lesi sifo azaziwa ngokugcwele.

Ama-pathologies athile angaphansi angase abe yizici ezengeziwe zengozi ekuthuthukiseni lesi sifo, njenge; I-Down syndrome, i-cleidocranial dysplasia, njll. Nokho, lezi zimo zithinta kuphela iziguli ezimbalwa.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinsolo zokudluliselwa kwalesi sifo enzalweni ziye zabekwa ososayensi. Ngalo mqondo, ukuba khona kokuguqulwa kofuzo kwezakhi zofuzo ezithile, kubazali, kungenza kube ingozi eyengeziwe yokuthuthukisa lesi sifo.

Ukuxilongwa kwesifo kwenziwa ngendlela ehlukile, ngokubheka izici ezihlukahlukene ezihambisanayo.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-Beighton bese kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlola umthelela wesifo ekuhambeni kwemisipha. Lesi sivivinyo siqukethe uchungechunge lwezivivinyo ezi-5. Lokhu kuhlobene:

- ukuma kwentende yesandla phansi ngenkathi ugcina imilenze iqondile;

-gobela indololwane ngayinye emuva;

– gobisa idolo ngalinye emuva;

– gobela isithupha engalweni;

–gobela umunwe emuva ngaphezu kuka-90 °.

Kumongo wesikolo se-Beighton esikhulu noma esilingana noku-4, isihloko sinamandla okuba sihlaselwe yi-hyperlaxity.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kanye nama-x-reyi kungase kudingeke ekuhlonzweni kwesifo. Lezi zindlela zenza kube nokwenzeka ikakhulukazi ukugqamisa ukuthuthukiswa kwe-arthritis ye-rheumatoid.