I-Hyperglycemia ukwenyuka okungavamile kwamazinga kashukela egazini. Okuvame ukuxhunyaniswa nesifo sikashukela, kungenzeka futhi ezimeni ezithathelwanayo noma ze-hepatic noma i-syndromes yokuvuvukala. 

Incazelo

Ushukela wegazi inani likashukela (glucose) elikhona egazini.

I-Hyperglycemia ibonakala ngoshukela wegazi ongaphezu kuka-6,1 mmol / l noma u-1,10 g/l), ukalwa esiswini esingenalutho. Le hyperglycemia ingaba eyesikhashana noma engapheli. 

Lapho ushukela wegazi ozila ukudla ungaphezu kuka-7 mmol / l (1,26 g / l), kutholwa isifo sikashukela. 

Izimbangela

Imbangela evame kakhulu ye-hyperglycemia engapheli isifo sikashukela. I-Hyperglycemia ingenzeka nasezifweni ezithathelwanayo noma zesibindi noma ama-syndromes avuthayo. I-Hyperglycemia ijwayelekile esigabeni esibucayi sezifo ezinzima. Bese kuba ukusabela ekucindezelekeni (okungajwayelekile kwe-hormonal kanye ne-metabolic). 

Imithi ingase futhi ibangele i-hyperglycemia yesikhashana, ngisho nesifo sikashukela: i-corticosteroids, imithi ethile yokwelapha isimiso sezinzwa (ikakhulukazi okuthiwa i-atypical neuroleptics), ama-anti-virus, imishanguzo ethile elwa nomdlavuza, izidakamizwa ze-diuretic, izinto zokuvimbela inzalo, njll.

kwesifo

Ukuxilongwa kwe-hyperglycemia kwenziwa ngokukala ushukela wegazi lokuzila ukudla (ukuhlolwa kwegazi). 

Abantu abathintekayo

Imvamisa ye-hyperglycemia yokuzila ukudla ikhula kancane ngokuya ngeminyaka (1,5% kwabaneminyaka eyi-18-29, i-5,2% kwabaneminyaka engama-30-54 ubudala kanye no-9,5% kwabaneminyaka engama-55-74 ubudala) futhi icishe iphindwe kabili. amadoda kunabesifazane (7,9% uma kuqhathaniswa nama-3,4%).

Izici zengozi  

Izici eziyingozi ze-hyperglycemia ngenxa yohlobo loku-1 lwesifo sikashukela ziwufuzo, uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2, isimo sofuzo esihlotshaniswa nokukhuluphala ngokweqile / ukukhuluphala ngokweqile, indlela yokuphila yokuhlala, umfutho wegazi ophakeme….

Uma imnene, i-hyperglycemia ngokuvamile ayibangeli izimpawu. 

Ngaphandle komkhawulo othile, i-hyperglycemia ingabonakaliswa ngezimpawu ezilandelayo: 

• Ukoma, umlomo owomile 
• Ukufisa ukuchama njalo 
• Ukukhathala, ukozela 
• Ukuphathwa yikhanda 
• Umbono ophundlekile 

Lezi zimpawu zingahambisana namajaqamba, ubuhlungu besisu kanye nesicanucanu. 

Ukwehla kwesisindo 

I-hyperglycemia engapheli ibangela ukuncipha okukhulu kwesisindo kuyilapho ogulayo engakuthandi ukudla.

Izimpawu ze-hyperglycemia engapheli engalashwanga 

Isifo sikashukela esingalashwa singaholela kulokhu: i-nephropathy (ukulimala kwezinso) okuholela ekuhlulekeni kwezinso, i-retinopathy (ukulimala kwe-retina) okuholela ekungaboni, i-neuropathy (ukulimala kwemizwa), ukulimala kwemithambo. 

Ukwelashwa kwe-hyperglycemia kuncike kumbangela. 

Ukwelashwa kwe-hyperglycemia kuhlanganisa ukudla okushintshiwe, umkhuba wokuvivinya umzimba njalo nokuqapha izici eziyingozi zenhliziyo. 

Uma kunesifo sikashukela, ukwelashwa kusekelwe ekudleni okuhlanzekile, ukuthatha izidakamizwa ze-hypoglycemic kanye nokujova i-insulin (uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela sohlobo 1, futhi kwezinye izimo thayipha isifo sikashukela se-2). 

Lapho i-hyperglycemia ixhunyaniswa nokuthatha umuthi, ukuwuyeka noma ukunciphisa umthamo ngokuvamile kwenza i-hyperglycemia iphele. 

Ukuhlolwa kwe-hyperglycemia, kubalulekile kubantu abasengozini 

Njengoba i-hyperglycemia yakuqala ingabonisi zimpawu, kubalulekile ukuhlola ushukela wegazi njalo. Ukulawulwa kweshukela egazini kunconywa kusukela eminyakeni engu-45 kubantu abasengozini (umlando womndeni wesifo sikashukela, i-BMI engaphezu kwe-25, njll.). 

Ukuvimbela i-hyperglycemia ehlotshaniswa nesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2 kuhilela ukuvivinya umzimba njalo, ukulwa nokukhuluphala ngokweqile, nokudla okulinganiselayo. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma unomlando womndeni wesifo sikashukela sohlobo 2.