Ungayithenga kanjani imidlalo Ezweni Lethu ngaphansi kwezigwegwe

Ngemva kokuqala komsebenzi okhethekile wamasosha e-our country, izinkampani eziningi zemidlalo zanquma ukumisa ukuthengisa Ezweni Lethu. Amanye amabhange anqanyuliwe ku-SWIFT, futhi izinhlelo zokukhokha ze-Visa ne-Mastercard zimise ukusebenza Ezweni Lethu. 

Ngalezi zizathu, imidlalo eminingi ayisatholakali kubasebenzisi. Dlulisela esikhwameni esibonakalayo usebenzisa amakhadi nama-akhawunti we-Federation kwahlala emaphusheni kuphela. Kodwa, nokho, ukuvinjelwa kusenza sihlakaniphe. Futhi abadlali abajwayele ukuzitika ngokungapheleli kwemidlalo - izimbungulu, futhi ngisho nangaphezulu izithiyo ezintsha azizange zime. Ngakho-ke izindlela zaqala ukuvela izindlela zokuphuma enkingeni yamanje.

Ukuthenga imidlalo ku-Steam

I-Steam iyindawo yokudlala edume kakhulu, efaka phakathi kwabasebenzisi. Ayisebenzi nje kuphela njengesitolo esihle sabasebenzisi kanye nezinkampani zonjiniyela kanye nabashicileli, kodwa futhi njengeseva ehlanganisayo emidlalweni ye-inthanethi, inkundla yabadlali yokuxhumana, indawo yokusabalalisa okuqukethwe kwabo kokudala, kanye nethuluzi elikahle lokugcina, ukulanda, ukwethula imidlalo nokuqoqa izimpumelelo ngazinye kuyo. Kodwa okwamanje, indima eyinhloko yeSteam kubasebenzisi ilahlekile. Imidlalo eminingi evela ezinkampanini zakwamanye amazwe ayisatholakali, futhi akunakwenzeka ukugcwalisa isikhwama usebenzisa izindlela ezijwayelekile. Nokho, ezinye izintuba zisekhona.

Ukuthengiswa kwe-inventory ebonakalayo nokulethwa kwemidlalo

Okuhlukile okusobala kakhulu ekugcwaliseni okuvamile kwesikhwama semali, yiqiniso, ukuthengiswa kwempahla ebonakalayo kanye nokubuyiselwa kwemidlalo ethengiwe ngaphambilini kumthengisi. Ngenxa yalokhu, abadlali bangakwazi ukuziba amadiphozithi besebenzisa imithombo yokugcwalisa isikhwama senkampani yangaphandle. “Izimpahla” esezivele zikhona ngaphakathi kwenkundla zishintshaniswa ngemali, ezithengwe ngaphambi kwesikhathi noma ezitholwe phakathi negeyimu nokuqedela imisebenzi.

Kodwa lesi sixazululo senkinga sinezinkinga eziningi. Lapho uthengisa i-inventory, okuningi kuncike ekutholakaleni kwezinto ezibizayo namanani amaphakathi. Ngakho-ke, uma usetha izindleko ziphakeme kakhulu kunemibukiso emaphakathi, umkhiqizo ngeke uthengwe. Futhi lapho ibuyisela umdlalo, ibheka ukuthi yathengwa isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi mangaki amahora asetshenziswe kuwo. Kuphela ngesikhathi esifushane sokuthola kanye nezinkomba ezincane zesikhathi esichithwe ukudlala umdlalo, ukubuyisela kuyamukelwa, futhi imali ivela esikhwameni.

I-Qiwi evela eKazakhstan

Kutholwe enye i-loophole enelukuluku, lapho abadlali bengakwazi ukugcwalisa isikhwama sabo semali ngendlela evamile. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ama-akhawunti amabili adalwe ku-akhawunti ye-Qiwi - eyodwa ngama-ruble, eyesibili nge-tenge. I-akhawunti yesibili isethwe njengeyinhloko. Khona-ke, ku-Qiwi efanayo, sifuna i-Steam replenishment (Kazakhstan), sigcwalisa yonke into ngokwezinga - futhi sithola imali esikhwameni sethu se-Steam.

Yiziphi izinzuzo zale ndlela? Okokuqala, kubonakala kukhohlisayo kuphela, kodwa empeleni kulula kakhulu ukukusebenzisa. Okwesibili, izinga lizuzisa kakhulu kubasebenzisi, ngokwesilinganiso, i-ruble engu-1 ihambisana ne-5 tenge.

Phakathi kwamaphutha, isici esibalulekile okufanele sisiqaphele isikhathi sokulinda. Iqiniso liwukuthi esigabeni sokuqala, ukuze usebenzise ukudluliselwa phakathi kwama-akhawunti e-Qiwi, udinga ukuqinisekisa ubuwena. Okusho ukuthi, kufanele ufake idatha yomuntu siqu, bese ulinda ukuthi iqinisekiswe ngabasebenzi bakwaQiwi ngokwabo. Lokhu kungase kuthathe izinsuku.

Amakhodi, okhiye namakhadi esipho

Ungakhohlwa mayelana nokutholakele njengamakhodi wokugcwalisa isikhwama semali, okhiye bokwenza kusebenze umdlalo namakhadi esipho. Zazikhona ngaphambili, kodwa ezingokoqobo zanamuhla ziye zaba enye indlela evamile. Okwamanje, angathengwa kubashicileli (My.Games, Buka, SoftClub) kanye nezingosi zezinkampani zangaphandle.

Nokho, azikho izithiyo kule ndlela. Okokuqala nje, akwenzeki ngaso sonke isikhathi ukwenza amakhodi nokhiye kusebenze ezinkundleni zamazwe ngamazwe nezangaphandle esifundeni sethu. Ngokuvamile lokhu kumakwa eduze komkhiqizo ngophawu "NO RU". Kodwa ikhona indlela yokuphuma - ukuthenga kumasayithi kuphela.

Futhi, ngokuvamile, lapho usebenzisa le ndlela, abadlali bahlangana nezintengo ezinhle kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, lapho uthenga ukhiye womdlalo, kungcono ukuhlola izindleko ezisemthethweni zezimpahla.

Inkinga evame kakhulu abadlali ababhekana nayo lapho benza ukuthengiselana nomthengisi ukukhwabanisa. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, kungcono ukuthatha okhiye, amakhadi namakhodi ezitolo kubamele abasemthethweni.

Ithenga imidlalo ku-Epic Games Store

Isimbangi esiqondile seSteam Isitolo Semidlalo Epic. Lesi sitolo sisha emakethe yemidlalo. Inokuxhumana okulula kanye nekhithi yamathuluzi emfushane, futhi azikho izinkampani eziningi ezisebenzisanayo noma abathengisa imidlalo okwamanje. Akazange akwazi ukuzuza udumo lomhlaba lombangi wakhe, kodwa wathola indlela yokuheha ukunakwa kwabadlali abaningi ngalokhu. Futhi le ndlela yindlela yethu yokuphuma enkingeni. 

Abasebenzisi bangase bawele ngaphansi kokusatshalaliswa kwemidlalo ekhethekile. Njalo ngeviki endaweni yawo, ama-Epic anikeza amahithi amadala mahhala futhi, ngokuphambene, amasha. Ngendlela, le midlalo ivame ukuba sezingeni eliphezulu. Isibonelo, u-Alan Wake, u-Vampyr, u-Tomb Raider, u-Hitman, u-Amnesia, i-Metro 2033 Redux usevele ebambe iqhaza kulokhu kunyuswa. Njengoba uqonda, njengoba imidlalo isakazwa “mahhala”, awudingi ukugcwalisa isikhwama sakho semali, njengasendabeni yeSteam. Ukuze uthole okukhethekile, umdlali udinga ukubhalisa kuphela.

Ububi obusobala bale ndlela ukuthi iphromoshini ivumeleke kugeyimu eyodwa kuphela. Okusho ukuthi, umsebenzisi angathola kuphela lokho abamnika kona, uku-oda into ayifunayo ngeke kusebenze.

Ukuthenga imidlalo ku-PlayStation Store

I-Playstation Store iyindawo yokudlala yabalandeli bama-consoles abavela ku-Sony yaseJapane. Kuze kube kamuva nje, inkinga enkulu yeplathifomu bekuwukunqamula ku-SWIFT. Futhi le nkinga yaxazululwa kalula ngokugcwalisa ibhalansi kusetshenziswa amakhodi edijithali ezitolo ezisemthethweni. Kodwa amaqiniso anamuhla ashintsha ngokushesha - manje isitolo ngokwaso asitholakali ku-Playstation Store kubasebenzisi abavela ku-Federation. Ngalesi sizathu, kusele kuphela indlela evikeleke kancane futhi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu yokuthola imidlalo kule nkundla.

Imayelana nokudala i-akhawunti yangaphandle. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi ngale ndlela uzokwazi ukukhokhela imidlalo kuphela ngekhadi langaphandle kanye namakhodi wokugcwalisa isikhwama. Kodwa kukhona nezindaba ezinhle. I-VPN ayidingeki kule misebenzi, vele uye ku-Playstation Store bese ukhetha isifunda esihlukile lapho ubhalisa i-akhawunti.

Kungcono ukusondela ekukhethweni kwesifunda ngokucophelela, ngoba izoboshelwa ku-geodata yekhadi langaphandle noma ikhodi yokuqalisa. Akulula kuwo wonke amazwe ukuthola amakhodi okugcwalisa isikhwama semali, futhi akuwona wonke amazwe avumela ukukhishwa kwekhadi langaphandle. Okokuqala udinga ukukhetha ukuthi iyiphi indlela yokukhokha ozoyisebenzisa.

Esimweni sokuqala, kuzodingeka ubheke amakhodi okugcwalisa kabusha kumasayithi angewona asemthethweni. Ngakho-ke, kunengozi enkulu yokuhlangana nabathengisi abangenangqondo. Futhi akukho myalelo othize ochungechungeni oluthi "ukuthi ungagijimi kanjani ku-scammer". Izincomo ezimbalwa kuphela ezinganikezwa: ungakhokhi ngokushesha izindleko ezigcwele zezimpahla, unamathele ezindleleni zokukhokha ezijwayelekile nezithembekile, futhi ungavuzi idatha yomuntu siqu.

Esimweni sesibili, lokhu kuwumsebenzi walabo abanesineke ikakhulukazi. Okokuqala, udinga ukuthola izwe lapho ungakhipha khona ikhadi. Ngokwesibonelo, China, Turkey noma Emirates. Bese - ibhange elizosebenzisana. Lapho befuna ibhange langaphandle, banake izimo, uhlu lwamadokhumenti (okuncane, okungcono) kanye nethuba lokubhalisa ukude.

Bese ubhalisa ngokucacisa isifunda esikhethiwe. Xhuma futhi uqinisekise i-imeyili yakho futhi usuqedile! Manje usungathenga imidlalo ku-PlayStation Store.

Ukuthenga imidlalo ku-Xbox Games Store

I-Xbox iyimbangi enkulu ye-Playstation, kanti i-Xbox Games Store iyisitolo semidlalo esisebenzisa ikhonsoli yenkampani yaseMelika iMicrosoft. Ngaphezu kwenkinga esobala yokungatholakali kokugcwalisa ibhalansi ngenxa yokunqanyulwa kwe-SWIFT, enye inkinga ivele - ukuvinjelwa kokuthenga imidlalo Ezweni Lethu. Ngenhlanhla, ukuvinjelwa kwakukhetha.

Ukuthenga okhiye bamageyimu kumasayithi ezinkampani zangaphandle kanye nabaxhumanisi nakho kubalulekile kulesi simo. Okhiye abanjalo basengatholakala kumasayithi afana ne-Ozon, i-Yandex.Market ne-Plati.ru. Ngeshwa, kulokhu, lena ukuphela kwendlela yokuthenga imidlalo. Kumasayithi asemthethweni, ngenxa yokuvinjelwa kokuthengwa kwemidlalo, ngeke kwenzeke ukuthenga okhiye - bamane bengekho. Ngakho-ke, kufanelekile ukukhumbula izingozi!

Lapho uvula ukhiye, kufanele unake ukuthi uklanyelwe kusiphi isifunda. Uma ku-, khona-ke ukusebenzisa kungenziwa ngohlelo lokusebenza lwe-Microsoft Store. Uma ingeyangaphandle, okokuqala udinga ukunika amandla i-VPN, bese usebenzisa ikhasi lesiphequluli le-redeem.microsoft.com - leli kheli liholela ngokushesha ekusebenziseni ukhiye esitolo.

Ukuthenga imidlalo ye-Nintendo Shintsha

Abadlali bamageyimu bathole indlela yokudlala ngeNintendo Switch, ikhonsoli yegeyimu evela enkampanini yaseJapan iNintendo. Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi i-Nintendo eShop esemthethweni ayisafinyeleleki - ayisatholakali Ezweni Lethu, isixazululo esisheshayo sivele enkingeni engumphumela.

Ngale ndlela, ikhonsoli ikhanyisa kabusha, ukuze imidlalo ekuyo idlalwe mahhala. Eqinisweni, le ndlela ingenzeka kuma-Playstation kanye ne-Xbox consoles futhi, kodwa kubasebenzisi be-Nintendo, inzima kakhulu ukuyisebenzisa. Njengoba abahleli bezinhlelo bechaza, inkinga ilele ekuvikelweni okuqine kakhulu kwale khonsoli, engatholakali kwamanye ama-consoles.

Ngakho-ke, uthola kanjani ikhonsoli yegeyimu ekhanyayo? Kunezinketho ezimbalwa. Okokuqala, ingathengwa ku-inthanethi. Isibonelo, amadivayisi asevele ebanyisiwe angatholakala kumasayithi ezikhangiso nasemiphakathini enezihloko ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Okwesibili, abantu abaningi bahlanganyela ekukhanyeni imali. Udinga nje ukucinga isikhangiso esizeni sesikhangiso futhi uvumelane ngokuphazima kwekhonsoli yakho.

Yiqiniso, le ndlela iyingozi kakhulu. Akwaziwa ukuthi umuntu ovela esikhangisweni unekhono elingakanani, ukuthi uzokwazi yini ukubhekana nomsebenzi wakhe noma aphule isiqalo sakho. Futhi inketho embi kakhulu, kodwa noma kunjalo evamile - okwesithathu, thenga i-chip ekhethekile kumasayithi afanayo e-inthanethi bese uzikhanyisa ngokwakho.

Ukuthenga amageyimu ku-Google Play naku-App Store

Sonke siyazazi izitolo eziku-inthanethi zamaselula ze-Android Google Play kanye ne-Apple App Store, lapho ungathola khona imidlalo eminingi nezinhlelo zokusebenza zefoni yakho. Izijeziso ezintsha zaze zabathinta. Ukukhipha okufanayo ku-SWIFT kube nomthelela wako. Ekuqaleni, ukuze uthenge imidlalo kumapulatifomu eselula, ungasebenzisa izindlela ezifanayo nezase-PC kanye namabhokisi okusetha phezulu (i-Kazakh QIWI nekhadi elinebheji), kodwa izinto zashintsha ngokushesha. Futhi manje kunezindlela ezimbili kuphela zokuthola imidlalo.

Okokuqala, kukhona ukutholwa kwemidlalo yamahhala nezinguqulo zamahhala zemidlalo. Iqiniso ngukuthi kunenqwaba yazo kumasayithi eselula ethulwe. Ngokuyisisekelo, lezi yimidlalo ebonwayo kanye nemidlalo yokulwa, ngaphezu kwalokho, muva nje kuvame ukuba nezithombe ezinhle nesakhiwo esithokozisayo. 

Lena imidlalo efana ne-Endless Summer ne-Moe Era evela ezinkundleni ezinkulu, kanye naleyo eyakhelwe ngokukhethekile inkundla yeselula i-Fighting Tiger – Liberal, Romance Club, Dangerous Fellows. Kukhona nemidlalo yomhlaba evulekile ekuqaleni eyenzelwe izinkundla eziningi, njengeGenshin Impact.

Ebubini bokusebenzisa imidlalo yamahhala, amaphuzu amabili kufanele aqashelwe. Okokuqala, ukuthenga ngaphakathi kwegeyimu. Abayona neze isibopho ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa ngokuvamile phakathi kwabo kukhona labo ababa isihogo ngaphandle kokutholwa kwangaphakathi. Nokho, ukuthenga ekhaya manje kunzima ngandlela-thile. Okwesibili, ukuvinjelwa kokusatshalaliswa kokukhangisa Ezweni Lethu yi-Google kwadlala ihlaya elinonya. Futhi manje imidlalo eyakhelwe ekwenzeni imali ngezikhangiso isanda kuyeka ukusebenza. Ngenhlanhla, kukhona ezinye izindlela futhi!

Inketho ephumelelayo, ngenxa yokuthi ungakwazi ukugcwalisa ibhalansi ku-Google Play naku-App Store futhi, ngokufanele, uthenge imidlalo, ukusebenzisa wonke amakhodi afanayo. Nakuba kunzima ukuzithenga, ukwenza kusebenze kusatholakala kuze kube yilolu suku.

Ukuze uvule ikhodi yesipho ku-Google Play, vele uye esigabeni esithi “Izinkokhelo nokubhaliselwe” ku-akhawunti yakho bese uchofoza inkinobho ethi “Sebenzisa ikhodi yokushajwa”. Ku-App Store, inkinobho "Sebenzisa ikhadi lesipho noma ikhodi", engabonwa ku-akhawunti yomuntu siqu yomsebenzisi, inesibopho sokuvula ikhodi.

Ibaphi kubakhiqizi begeyimu abashiye Izwe Lethu

Imikhiqizo yenkampani yasePoland CD Projekt REDazisatholakali kithi ngisho nasezingosini ezinobungane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inkampani ithembise ukuthi izobuyisela emuva wonke ama-patches (izibuyekezo) ze-Cyberpunk 2077. Ngenxa yezenzo ezinjalo, abasebenzisi abathenge umdlalo ngaphambi kwezigwegwe bazokwazi ukuwudlala kuphela kunguqulo yokuqala "eluhlaza". Ku-platform ye-GOG.com, ephethwe yile nkampani, akusakwazi ukuthenga igeyimu entsha, kodwa ethengiwe ngaphambilini isatholakala.

American Imidlalo yama-epic bamemezele ku-akhawunti yabo yezindaba ye-Twitter esemthethweni ukuthi bayamisa ukuhwebelana nezwe Lethu. Manje esizeni se-Epic Games Store, ukuthengwa kwemidlalo ezweni lethu akutholakali.

French Ubisoftimise okwesikhashana ukuthengiswa kwemidlalo kubasebenzisi. Inkundla ye-inthanethi yenkampani, i-Ubisoft Store, isiyekile ukusebenza Ezweni Lethu. Uma uzama ukungena esitolo, isaziso siyavezwa: “Asitholakali endaweni yangakini.” Nokho, imikhiqizo ethengwe ngaphambilini isatholakala ukuthi idlalwe futhi ilandwe.

our country Umhlaba we-GSC Umhlabaiphinde yamisa ukuthengisa Ezweni Lethu. Esimemezelweni esisemthethweni, bamemezele ukuthi abadlali aba-ode kusengaphambili ukuthi i-STALKER 2: Heart of Chornobyl kudijithali ngaphambi kwemicimbi yase-our country bazothola igeyimu esikhathini esizayo. Ngosizo oluphathekayo, ukushicilelwa akulindelekile ngisho noma ku-oda langaphambilini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abadlali abakayibuyi imali yokwenqaba ukuthenga iStalker.

American Microsoft, ngakolunye uhlangothi, futhi yamisa okwesikhashana ukuthengisa endaweni ye-Federation. Lokhu kushiwo nguMengameli kanye nePhini likaSihlalo uBrad Smith. Kanye neMicrosoft, umthuthukisi waseMelika ophethwe yinkampani wayishiya imakethe I-ZeniMax Mediakanye nomshicileli wayo osizayo Bethesda Softworks. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, imidlalo yamahhala nemisebenzi yesitolo se-inthanethi seMicrosoft Store isatholakala.

Inkampani enkulu yaseJapan Capcom akazange ahlale kude. I-Steam ukuphela kwenkundla lapho imidlalo yenkampani itholakala khona kuze kube ngoMashi 18 futhi, ngaphezu kwalokho, ibambe iqhaza ekuthengisweni komuntu siqu kwakamuva. Manje, nakuba amakhasi esitolo esatholakala, akusakwazeki ukuthenga umkhiqizo othengiswayo. Inkampani ayikaphawuli ngalesi sinqumo.

Inkampani yaseJapane engaphansi kwe-Sony Group Corporation, i-conglomerate yokuthuthukisa umdlalo nokushicilela - I-Sony Interactive Entertainment- wenze isitatimende esisemthethweni mayelana nokuhoxiswa kwesikhashana emakethe. Imidlalo ethengwe kuye ngaphambilini ingalandwa, kodwa isitolo esiku-inthanethi kukhonsoli ye-PlayStation Store asisatholakali.

IsiJapane Nintendoiphinde yamisa ukuthengiswa kwemidlalo yeNintendo Shintsha nama-consoles Ezweni Lethu. Inkampani iphinde yamemezela ukuthi ipulatifomu yedijithali yeNintendo eShop ifakwe okwesikhashana kumodi "yokulungisa". Ngeshwa, ngenxa yalesi sinqumo, akukhona ukuthenga kuphela, kodwa nokulandwa kwemidlalo ethengwe ngaphambilini manje akutholakali kubasebenzisi. Kodwa-ke, abamele inkampani baqinisekisa ukuthi izizathu zaziyizinkinga ze-logistics kanye nokungazinzi kwesilinganiso sokushintshaniswa. Ngethemba, uma inkinga isixazululiwe, imidlalo yeNintendo izodlaleka futhi.

Inhlangano yaseMelika iphinde yaphazamisa ubudlelwano bezentengiselwano. Ubuciko Electronic, umshicileli wase-US Imidlalo ye-Rockstar, inkampani yasePoland Ithimba leBloober, waseMelika Activision Blizzard, isitolo se-inthanethi Isibopho esithobekile, umthuthukisi wegeyimu yeselula I-Supercell, edume ngomdlalo we-AR Pokemon GO I-Niantickanye nabanye.

Kunzima kangakanani ukuthengwa kwemidlalo ngenxa yokunqanyulwa kwamabhange ku-SWIFT kanye nokuhoxiswa kwezinhlelo zokukhokha ku-Federation.

Ukunqanyulwa kwenani lamabhange ohlelweni lokukhokha lwamabhange ngamazwe ngamazwe lwe-SWIFT kuholele ekutheni amakhadi amaningi kumaseva omhlaba nawangaphandle angabe esatholakala. Ukuhoxiswa kwe-Visa ne-Mastercard emakethe kwenze isimo saba sibi kakhulu. Ngakho, ngisho nokuba nethuba lokubuka umkhiqizo kanye nezindleko zawo ezitolo zezindawo ezinobungane, ngeke sikwazi ukuthenga kuzo.

Ngakho-ke, iSteam, ethandwa ngabadlali bamageyimu, yathathwa yi-SWIFT. Ngonyaka odlule, ngenxa yezinguquko emthethweni wethu (izichibiyelo zomthetho othi, “Ohlelweni Lukazwelonke Lokukhokha”¹) yanyamalala kanye namathuba anjengokusetshenziswa "kwezinkokhelo zeselula", "Yandex. Imali” kanye noQiwi. I-Mir card ayikaze ibe khona, njengoba ingasetshenziswa ohlelweni lokukhokha lwamazwe ngamazwe. Kwasala i-PayPal kuphela, kodwa waphinde wanquma ukumisa umsebenzi Ezweni Lethu.

Inkampani yaseMelika Imidlalo ye-Riotivimbele ukugcwaliswa kabusha kohlobo lwemali olungaphakathi kwegeyimu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, le nkinga ayithinti kuphela abasebenzisi abavela Ezweni Lethu naseBelarus, kodwa futhi abavela eGeorgia, Kazakhstan nakwamanye amazwe e-CIS. Ngokwesitatimende esisemthethweni, le nkampani ibhekane nezijeziso ezabelwa la mazwe, izindlela zokukhokha ezikhutshaziwe Ezweni Lethu, kanye nezinqumo zozakwethu abathile. Bathi sebevele befuna ezinye izindlela.

AmaShayina aye abhekana nenkinga efanayo. MyHoYo. Ngenxa yezindlela ezikhubazekile zokugcwalisa imali engaphakathi kwegeyimu, nabo, balahlekelwa iminikelo ye-ru-community. Abamele inkampani abaphawuli ngalesi simo.

Imibuzo nezimpendulo ezidumile

Imithombo ye

1. http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_115625/