Ungaligcwalisa kanjani ngokuzenzakalelayo usuku ku-Excel

Ukusebenza ngesikhathi nosuku kuyisici esibalulekile sokusebenzisa i-Microsoft Excel. Namuhla uzofunda ukuthi ungayifaka kanjani idethi ngezindlela ezihlukene, indlela yokunquma idethi yanamuhla usebenzisa isitembu sesikhathi, noma usebenzise amanani ashintshashintshayo. Uzoqonda futhi ukuthi yiziphi izenzo ongazisebenzisa ukuze ugcwalise ikholomu noma umugqa ngezinsuku zeviki.

Kunezinketho eziningi zokwengeza amadethi ku-Excel. Kuye ngokuthi yiziphi izinjongo ozifunayo, izenzo zihlukile. Futhi imisebenzi ingaba yinoma yini: cacisa idethi yanamuhla noma wengeze idethi eshidini, elizobuyekezwa ngokuzenzakalelayo futhi lihlale libonisa lokho okukhona manje ewashini nasekhalendeni. Noma ufuna ukwenza isipredishithi sigcwaliswe ngokuzenzakalela ngezinsuku zebhizinisi, noma ufuna ukufaka idethi engahleliwe. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izinjongo oziphishekelayo, namuhla uzofunda ukuthi ungazifinyelela kanjani.

Ungalufaka kanjani usuku ku-Excel

Umsebenzisi angafaka idethi kusipredishithi esebenzisa izindlela namafomethi ahlukahlukene. Isibonelo, ungayibhala ngo-January 1, 2020, noma ungayibhala ngo-January 1.01.2020, XNUMX. Kungakhathalekile ukuthi iyiphi ifomethi ozocacisa ngayo idethi, uhlelo luzonquma ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuthi umsebenzisi ufuna ukulirekhoda. Imvamisa, uhlelo ngokwalo lufometha inani ngokususelwa kufomethi esethwe ku-Windows, kodwa kwezinye izimo ukufometha kungenzeka ngendlela eshiwo umsebenzisi.

Kunoma yikuphi, uma ifomethi yedethi yomsebenzisi ingeneliseki, angakwazi ukuyishintsha kuzilungiselelo zeseli. Ungaliqonda kanjani inani elishiwo umsebenzisi, i-Excel ilichaze njengosuku? Lokhu kuboniswa ukuqondana kwenani kwesokudla, hhayi kwesokunxele.

Uma i-Excel ingakwazi ukunquma idatha efakiwe futhi yabela ifomethi elungile, futhi ubona ukuthi ayitholakali onqenqemeni olufanele lweseli, ungazama ukufaka usuku kunoma iyiphi enye ifomethi eseduze nejwayelekile. . Ukuze ubone ukuthi yiziphi ezitholakalayo njengamanje, ungaya kumenyu ethi “Ifomethi Yeseli”, engatholakala engxenyeni ethi “Inombolo”, etholakala kuthebhu ethi “Ekhaya”.

Uma kunesidingo salokhu, umsebenzisi angashintsha kalula umbono wokumelwa kweseli elirekhodwe njengalo eliqukethe idethi. Ukwenza lokhu, ungasebenzisa iwindi leFomethi Yeseli elichazwe ngenhla.

Kungase futhi kubizwe ngokusebenzisa inhlanganisela yokhiye Ctrl + 1.

Ngezinye izikhathi umsebenzisi ubhekene nesimo lapho iseli liboniswa ngesimo senani elikhulu lamagridi aqukethwe kuwo. Njengomthetho, lokhu kubonisa ukuthi uhlelo lucela umsebenzisi ukuthi akhulise osayizi beseli. Ukulungisa le nkinga kulula kakhulu. Kwanele ukuchofoza kabili emngceleni ongakwesokudla wekholomu lapho leli phutha liboniswa khona. Ngemva kwalokho, ububanzi bamaseli kule kholomu buzonqunywa ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngokusekelwe kubude obukhulu beyunithi yezinhlamvu yombhalo equkethwe kuyo.

Okunye, ungasetha ububanzi obufanele ngokuhudula umngcele ongakwesokudla kuze kube yilapho ububanzi beseli bulungile.

Ifaka idethi yamanje nesikhathi

Kunezinketho ezimbili zokufaka isikhathi samanje nosuku ku-Excel: i-static ne-dynamic. Esokuqala sisebenza njengesitembu sesikhathi. Inketho yesibili ikuvumela ukuthi uhlale ugcina idethi yamanje nesikhathi kuseli.

Yini engenziwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi isitembu sesikhathi sihlala sihambisana nesikhathi? Ukuze wenze lokhu, sebenzisa amafomula afanayo nangezansi. Bazohlala bebonisa idethi yamanje nesikhathi.

Uma udinga ukusetha isikhathi esimile, ungasebenzisa amathuluzi akhethekile e-Excel abizwa ngokuthi usebenzisa okhiye abashisayo:

1. Ctrl + ; noma u-Ctrl + Shift + 4 – lab’ okhiye abashisayo bafaka ngokuzenzakalelayo kuseli usuku olufanele ngesikhathi lapho umuntu echofoza lezi zinkinobho.
2. Ctrl + Shift + ; noma u-Ctrl+Shift+6 - ngosizo lwabo ungakwazi ukurekhoda isikhathi samanje.
3. Uma udinga ukufaka kokubili isikhathi nosuku oluhambisanayo njengamanje, kufanele uqale ucindezele inhlanganisela yokhiye wokuqala, bese ucindezela ibha yesikhala bese ubiza inhlanganisela yesibili.

What specific keys to use? It all depends on the layout that is currently activated. If the English layout is now on, then the first combination is used, but if the layout is the second one (that is, the one that follows immediately after the word “or”).

Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwalawa ma-hotkeys akulungile ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kwezinye izimo, eyodwa kuphela yezinhlanganisela ezichazwe ngenhla esebenzayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiluphi ulimi olukhethiwe. Ngakho-ke, indlela engcono kakhulu yokuqonda ukuthi iyiphi ongayisebenzisa ukuhlola.

As a rule, the pattern is as follows: it all depends on which language was installed at the time the file was opened. If English, then even if you change the layout to , the situation will not change at all. If the language was installed, then even if you change it to English, then you need to use the formula that is suitable for the language.

Ungasetha kanjani isitembu sesikhathi esingunaphakade (ngamafomula)

Ukuze iseli lihlale libonisa isikhathi, kunamafomula akhethekile. Kodwa ifomula ethile incike ekutheni iyiphi imisebenzi eyenziwa umsebenzisi. Ngakho-ke, uma ukuboniswa okuvamile kwesikhathi etafuleni kwanele, khona-ke udinga ukusebenzisa umsebenzi I-TDATA(), engaqukethe noma yiziphi izimpikiswano. Ngemuva kokuthi siyifake kuseli, sishintsha ifomethi yayo ibe "Isikhathi" ngendlela echazwe ngenhla.

Uma kamuva, ngokusekelwe kule datha, uzokwenza enye into futhi usebenzise umphumela owumphumela kumafomula, ngakho-ke kungcono ukusebenzisa imisebenzi emibili ngesikhathi esisodwa: =USUKU()-NAMUHLA()

Ngenxa yalokho, inani lezinsuku lizoba nguziro. Ngakho-ke, isikhathi kuphela esiyosala njengomphumela obuyiswe yile fomula. Kodwa lapha futhi udinga ukusebenzisa ifomethi yesikhathi ukuze yonke into isebenze njengewashi. Lapho usebenzisa amafomula, udinga ukunaka ama-nuances alandelayo:

1. Idatha ayibuyekezwa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukuze usuku nesikhathi kushintshele kwesamanje, kufanele uvale iwindi, usuligcinile ngaphambilini, bese ulivula futhi. Futhi, isibuyekezo siyenzeka uma unika amandla i-macro ehlelelwe lo msebenzi.
2. Lo msebenzi usebenzisa iwashi lesistimu njengomthombo walo wedatha. Ngakho-ke, uma zilungiselelwe ngokungalungile, ifomula nayo ngeke isebenze kahle. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukusetha ukutholwa okuzenzakalelayo kosuku nesikhathi ku-inthanethi.

Manje ake sicabange ngesimo esinjalo. Sinetafula elinohlu lwezimpahla ezitholakala kukholomu A. Ngokushesha ngemva kokuba zithunyelwe, ikhasimende kufanele lifake inani elithi “Yebo” kuseli elikhethekile. Umsebenzi: lungisa ngokuzenzakalelayo isikhathi lapho umuntu ebhala igama elithi "Yebo" futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo usivikele ekuguqulweni.

Yiziphi izinyathelo ezingenziwa ukufeza lo mgomo? Isibonelo, ungazama ukusebenzisa umsebenzi IF, ezoqukatha umsebenzi ofanayo, kodwa ngedatha kuye ngevelu lenye iseli. Kulula kakhulu ukukhombisa lokhu ngesibonelo. Ifomula izobukeka kanje: =IF(B2=”Yebo”, IF(C2=””;USUKU(); ​​C2); “”)

Ake sihlaziye le fomula.

• B yikholomu lapho sidinga ukurekhoda ukuqinisekiswa kokulethwa.
• I-C2 iyiseli lapho isitembu sesikhathi sizovezwa khona ngemva kokuba sibhale igama elithi “Yebo” kuseli B2.

Ifomula engenhla isebenza kanje. Ihlola ukuthi igama elithi “Yebo” likuseli B2 yini. Uma kunjalo, bese kwenziwa isheke lesibili elihlola ukuthi iseli C2 ayinalutho yini. Uma kunjalo, idethi yamanje nesikhathi kuyabuyiselwa. Uma kungekho imisebenzi engenhla IF iqukethe amanye amapharamitha, ngakho-ke akukho okushintshile.

Uma ufuna umbandela ukuthi “uma okungenani inani elithile liqukethwe”, kuzomele usebenzise u-opharetha “ongalingani” <> kusimo. Kulokhu, ifomula izobukeka kanje: =IF(B2<>“”; IF(C2=””;USUKU(); ​​C2); “”)

Le fomula isebenza ngale ndlela: okokuqala, ihlola ukuthi kukhona okungenani okuqukethwe okuthile kuseli. Uma kunjalo, isheke lesibili liyaqalwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukulandelana kwezenzo kuhlala kunjalo.

Ukuze le fomula isebenze ngokugcwele, kufanele unike amandla izibalo ezisebenzisanayo kuthebhu ethi “Ifayela” nasesigabeni sokuthi “Izinketho – Amafomula”. Kulokhu, akuthandeki ukwenza isiqiniseko sokuthi iseli libhekiselwa kulo. Ukusebenza kuzoba kubi kakhulu kulokhu, kodwa ukusebenza ngeke kuthuthuke.

Ungawagcwalisa kanjani ngokuzenzakalelayo amadethi ku-Excel

Uma udinga ukugcwalisa iningi lethebula ngezinsuku, ungasebenzisa isici esikhethekile esibizwa nge-autocomplete. Ake sibheke ezinye izimo ezikhethekile zokusetshenziswa kwayo.

Ake sithi kudingeka sigcwalise uhlu lwezinsuku, usuku ngalunye oludala kunosuku lwangaphambilini. Kulesi simo, kufanele usebenzise ukuqedela ngokuzenzakalela njengoba ubungenza nganoma yiliphi elinye inani. Okokuqala udinga ukucacisa idethi yokuqala kuseli, bese usebenzisa umaka wokuqedela ngokuzenzakalela ukuhambisa ifomula phansi noma kwesokudla, kuye ngokulandelana lapho ulwazi olukuthebula lutholakala khona ngokukhethekile esimweni sakho. Umaka wokugcwalisa okuzenzakalelayo yisikwele esincane esitholakala ekhoneni elingezansi kwesokudla seseli, ngokulihudula, ungagcwalisa ngokuzenzakalelayo inani elikhulu lolwazi. Uhlelo lunquma ngokuzenzakalelayo indlela yokugcwalisa ngendlela efanele, futhi ezimweni eziningi kuvela ukuthi kulungile. Kulesi sithombe-skrini, sigcwalise izinsuku kukholamu. Sithole umphumela olandelayo. 

Kodwa amathuba okuqedela ngokuzenzakalela awagcini lapho. Ungawenza ngisho naphakathi nezinsuku, izinyanga noma iminyaka. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziphelele zokukwenza.

1. Sebenzisa ithokheni evamile yokuqedela ngokuzenzakalela njengoba kuchazwe ngenhla. Ngemuva kokuthi uhlelo luqede ngokuzenzakalelayo yonke into, udinga ukuchofoza isithonjana ngezinketho zokuqedela ngokuzenzakalela bese ukhetha indlela efanele.
2. Hudula umaka wokugcwalisa okuzenzakalelayo ngenkinobho yegundane engakwesokudla, futhi uma uyikhulula, imenyu enezilungiselelo izovela ngokuzenzakalelayo. Khetha indlela oyifunayo futhi ujabulele.

Kungenzeka futhi ukwenza ukufaka okuzenzakalelayo njalo ezinsukwini ezingu-N. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukwengeza inani kuseli, uchofoze kwesokudla isibambo sokuqedela ngokuzenzakalela, usibambe phansi bese usihudulela endaweni ofuna ukuthi ukulandelana kwenombolo kuphele. Ngemuva kwalokho, khetha inketho yokugcwalisa ethi "Ukuqhubeka" bese ukhetha inani lesinyathelo.

Ulubeka kanjani usuku lwamanje kunyaweni

Unyaweni uyindawo yombhalo, okusho ukuthi, indawo yonke kuyo yonke incwadi. Idatha ehlukahlukene ingafakwa lapho: igama lomuntu ohlanganise idokhumenti, usuku enziwe ngalo. Kubandakanya ukubeka idethi yamanje. Landela imiyalelo engezansi:

1. Vula imenyu ethi "Faka", lapho ubiza khona unhlokweni nemenyu yezilungiselelo zonyaweni.
2. Engeza izakhi zikanhlokweni ozidingayo. Kungaba umbhalo ongenalutho noma idethi, isikhathi.

Inothi elibalulekile: idethi izomile. Okusho ukuthi, ayikho indlela ezenzakalelayo yokuvuselela njalo ulwazi kumaheda nonyaweni. Udinga nje ukubhala kusukela kukhibhodi idatha efanele ngaleso sikhathi.

Njengoba izihloko nonyaweni kuhloswe ngazo ukubonisa ulwazi lwesevisi olungahlobene ngokuqondile nokuqukethwe kwedokhumenti, akuwenzi umqondo ukufaka amafomula nokunye lapho. Uma udinga ukusebenzisa amafomula, ungakwazi njalo ukubhala amanani owafunayo emugqeni wokuqala (bese wengeza umugqa ongenalutho kule ndawo uma enye idatha isivele igcinwe lapho) bese uyilungisa ngokuthi “Buka” noma “Iwindi. ” ithebhu, kuye ngenguqulo ye-office suite oyisebenzisayo (inketho yokuqala ingeyalezo zinhlelo ezikhishwe ngemuva kuka-2007, kanti eyesibili eyangaphambili kwaleso sikhathi).

Ngakho-ke, sithole izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokufaka ngokuzenzakalelayo idethi nesikhathi ku-Excel. Siyabona ukuthi akukho okuxakayo kulokhu, ngisho nengane iyakwazi ukuyithola.