Sivame ukucabanga ukuthi ukuvakashela isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo kuyindaba ende kakhulu engadonsa izinyanga noma iminyaka. Empeleni akunjalo. Iningi lezinkinga zethu zingaxazululwa ngezikhathi ezimbalwa nje.
Abaningi bethu bacabanga iseshini ye-psychotherapy njengengxoxo ezenzakalelayo mayelana nemizwa. Cha, yisikhathi esihleliwe lapho umelaphi esiza amaklayenti ukuxazulula izinkinga zawo aze afunde ukubhekana nazo ngokwazo. Ezimweni eziningi, umsebenzi uyafinyelelwa - futhi akuthathi iminyaka.
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi izinkinga eziningi azidingi ukwelashwa kwesikhathi eside, iminyaka eminingi. UBruce Wompold, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo esilulekayo eNyuvesi yaseWisconsin-Madison, uthi, "Yebo, amanye amakhasimende abona abelapha ngezimo ezingelapheki njengokucindezeleka, kodwa futhi kukhona abaningi okungekho nzima kakhulu ukukuxazulula (njengokungqubuzana emsebenzini).
Ukwelashwa kwengqondo ezimweni ezinjalo kungafaniswa nokuvakashela udokotela: wenza i-aphoyintimenti, uthole amathuluzi athile azokusiza ubhekane nezinkinga zakho, bese uhamba.
“Ezimweni eziningi, izikhathi eziyishumi nambili zanele ukuba zibe nomphumela omuhle,” kuvuma uJoe Parks, umeluleki omkhulu wezokwelapha eMkhandlwini Kazwelonke Wesayensi Yezokuziphatha wase-US. Ucwaningo olushicilelwe kuyi-American Journal of Psychiatry lunikeza inani eliphansi ngisho nangaphezulu: ngokwesilinganiso, izikhathi eziyisi-8 zazanele amaklayenti e-psychotherapist.1.
Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwe-psychotherapy yesikhashana i-cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT).
Ngokusekelwe ekulungiseni amaphethini okucabanga, kuye kwafakazela ukuthi kusebenza ngempumelelo ezinhlobonhlobo zezinkinga ezingokwengqondo, kusukela ekukhathazekeni nasekucindezelekeni kuya ekuluthweni kwamakhemikhali kanye nokuphazamiseka kokucindezeleka kwangemva kokuhlukumezeka. Ama-Psychotherapist angaphinde ahlanganise i-CBT nezinye izindlela zokuthola imiphumela.
“Kuthatha isikhathi eside kakhulu ukuthola umnyombo wenkinga,” kunezela uChristy Beck, isazi sokusebenza kwengqondo eState College ePennsylvania. Emsebenzini wakhe, usebenzisa kokubili i-CBT kanye nezindlela ze-psychoanalytic ukuze abhekane nezinkinga ezijulile ezivela ebuntwaneni. Ukuxazulula inkinga yesimo, amaseshini ambalwa anele, ”kusho yena.
Eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, njengokuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla, kuthatha iminyaka ukusebenza nazo.
Kunoma yikuphi, ngokusho kukaBruce Wompold, odokotela bengqondo abaphumelela kakhulu yilabo abanamakhono amahle okusebenzelana nabantu, okuhlanganisa izimfanelo ezinjengokuzwelana, ikhono lokulalela, ikhono lokuchazela iklayenti uhlelo lokwelapha. Isigaba sokuqala sokwelashwa singaba nzima kuklayenti.
“Kumelwe sixoxe ngezinto ezingajabulisi, ezinzima,” kuchaza uBruce Wompold. Nokho, ngemva kwezikhathi ezimbalwa, iklayenti lizoqala ukuzizwa lingcono. Kodwa uma ukukhululeka kungafiki, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngalokhu nomelaphi.
“Abelaphi bangenza amaphutha nabo,” kusho uJoe Park. “Kungakho kubaluleke kangaka ukuchaza ngokuhlanganyela umgomo bese uhlola ngokumelene nawo, isibonelo: ukuthuthukisa ukulala, ukuthola ugqozi lokwenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ngenkuthalo, ukuthuthukisa ubuhlobo nabantu obathandayo. Uma elinye isu lingasebenzi, elinye lingase libe.
Ukuqeda nini ukwelashwa? NgokukaChristy Beck, ngokuvamile kulula ukuthi izinhlangothi zombili zivumelane ngalolu daba. Uthi: “Ezimweni zami, ngokuvamile kuyisinqumo esivumelanayo. “Angilivimbeli iklayenti ukuthi lihlale isikhathi eside ekwelapheni, kodwa lidinga ukuvuthwa kulokhu.”
Nokho, ngezinye izikhathi amaklayenti afuna ukuqhubeka nokwelapha ngisho nangemva kokuba eseyixazulule inkinga yendawo abeze ngayo. "Kuyenzeka uma umuntu ezwa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwengqondo kuyamsiza ukuthi aziqonde, kunomthelela ekukhuleni kwakhe kwangaphakathi," kuchaza uChristy Beck. "Kodwa kuhlale kuyisinqumo somuntu siqu sekhasimende."
1 I-American Journal of Psychiatry, 2010, vol. 167, №12.