Okuqukethwe
Amahomoni ayizinhlanganisela zamakhemikhali ezikhiqizwa imizimba yethu ukuze zilawule imisebenzi ehlukahlukene, kusukela kumetabolism kuya esifiso sokudla ngisho nokushaya kwenhliziyo nokuphefumula. Ama-hormone athile kakhulu noma amancane kakhulu (ukungalingani kwe-hormonal) kuthinta inhlalakahle futhi kubangele izifo ezihlukahlukene.
Ungakwazi ukubona inkinga ngosizo lokuhlolwa kwe-hormonal, okusiza ukuhlola ukungalingani kwe-hormonal. Amakhono esimanje okuxilonga amalabhorethri asivumela ukuthi sithole ukwelashwa okwanele esikhathini esizayo.
Amazinga e-hormone ayashintshashintsha ngokuya ngeminyaka, futhi kwabanye ngisho nosuku lonke. Odokotela basebenzisa izivivinyo zamahomoni ukuze babone futhi bahlole ukungalingani kwamahomoni okungenza isiguli sigule. Ukuhlolwa kwamahomoni kuvame ukwenziwa ngesampula yegazi, kodwa okunye ukuhlola kudinga amasampula omchamo noma amathe.
Amaleveli avame ukuhlolwa:
- i-estrogen ne-testosterone, i-progesterone;
- ama-hormone e-adrenal njenge-cortisol;
- i-hormone yokukhula, i-prolactin namanye ama-hormone e-pituitary;
- amahomoni e-thyroid afana ne-thyroxine.
Ngezinye izikhathi ukukhuthazwa kwama-hormone nokuhlolwa kokucindezela kwenziwa ukuze kuhlolwe ukungalingani kwama-hormone. Odokotela baqale banikeze isiguli amahomoni nezinye izinto eziqala (ezishukumisayo) noma ezimise (zicindezela) ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni athile. Bese behlola ukusabela komzimba.
Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokuhlolwa kokuvuselela nokucindezela zihlanganisa.
- Ukusabela kwe-hormone yokukhula ku-glucagon. Kulolu cwaningo, i-hormone glucagon ijova esicutshini semisipha, bese izinga layo likalwa kungakapheli amahora ama-4. Lokhu kuhlola kusiza ukuqinisekisa noma ukukhipha i-hormone yokukhula kubantu abadala.
- Impendulo ye-Cortisol ku-cosyntropin. Kulokhu kuhlolwa, isiguli sinikezwa i-cosyntropin, esebenza njenge-hormone ye-adrenocorticotropic ekhiqizwa indlala ye-pituitary futhi ikhuthaze izindlala ze-adrenal ukuthi zikhiqize i-cortisol. Amazinga e-Cortisol abe eselinganiswa njalo ngemizuzu engama-30 ihora. Lokhu kuhlola kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukungasebenzi kahle kwezindlala ze-adrenal.
- Ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela i-glucose. Kulesi simo, isiguli sinikezwa isiphuzo esinoshukela, okufanele sinciphise izinga le-hormone yokukhula. Khona-ke izinga le-hormone yokukhula egazini likalwa njalo emahoreni amabili. Lokhu kuhlola kusiza ukuqinisekisa i-acromegaly.
- Impendulo ye-Cortisol ku-dexamethasone. Isiguli sithatha ithebhulethi ye-dexamethasone ebusuku, okufanele ivimbele ukukhiqizwa kwe-cortisol. Ngakusasa, kuthathwa isampula yegazi kuye ukuze kulinganiswe izinga laleli hormone. Ukuhlola kusiza ukuqinisekisa noma ukukhipha i-Cushing's syndrome.
- Ukuhlolwa kokucindezelwa kwe-Metyrapone. Lapha uhlelo lufana - ebusuku isiguli sithatha ithebhulethi ye-metyrapone, okufanele ivimbele ukukhiqizwa kwe-cortisol. Ngakusasa, kuthathwa isampula yegazi kuye ukuze kukalwe amazinga e-cortisol kanye ne-adrenocorticotropic hormone. Lokhu kuhlola kusiza ukuqinisekisa noma ukukhipha ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-adrenal.
Yiziphi izivivinyo ezinikezwa amahomoni
Ukuze kuhlolwe ama-hormone, igazi, amabala egazi elomisiwe ephepheni elikhethekile, amathe, amasampula omchamo ngamunye, kanye nokuhlolwa komchamo wamahora angu-XNUMX kuvame ukuthathwa. Uhlobo lwesampula luzoncika kulokho okulinganiswayo, ukunemba okudingekayo, noma iminyaka yesiguli.
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwama-hormone ingathonywa ukudla, iziphuzo, ukuphumula, ukuvivinya umzimba, nomjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, okungaholela emiphumeleni engalungile. Idatha enembe kakhulu itholwa ekuhlolweni okuguquguqukayo, lapho ukuhlaziya kuthathwa izikhathi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu phakathi nenkathi ethile yesikhathi.
Kunezinketho eziningi zezifundo ze-hormonal.
Iphrofayili ye-hormonal yabesifazane
Iphrofayili yamahomoni wesifazane ihlanganisa izivivinyo ezilandelayo:
- I-FSH (i-follicle stimulating hormone);
- i-estradiol (uhlobo olusebenza kakhulu lwe-estrogen);
- i-progesterone;
- i-testosterone;
- I-DHEA-S (i-dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate);
- i-vitamin D
Ukuze kwenziwe ucwaningo, ukuhlolwa kwegazi kuvame ukuthathwa, kodwa ukuhlolwa komchamo kungase kunconywe (kuhlanganise phakathi nokukhulelwa).
Iphrofayili Yehomoni Yabesilisa
Lokhu kubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwe:
- I-PSA (i-prostate specific antigen);
- i-estradiol;
- i-progesterone;
- i-testosterone;
- I-DHEA-S (i-dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate);
- I-SHBG (i-globulin ebopha i-hormone yocansi).
Ngokuvamile nikela ngegazi, mhlawumbe ukuqokwa kokuhlolwa komchamo nezinye izinketho.
Iphrofayili Yegilo
Ukuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-thyroid kufaka:
- I-TSH (i-hormone evuselela i-thyroid);
- i-T4 yamahhala;
- i-T3 yamahhala;
- ama-antibodies e-thyroid;
- ama-antibodies ku-thyroid peroxidase.
Ukuhlolwa kwamazinga e-calcium ne-bone metabolism
Kulokhu, cwaninga:
- 25-hydroxyvitamin D;
- 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D;
- i-hormone ye-parathyroid.
Ukuhlola umsebenzi wezindlala ze-adrenal
Kulesi simo, hlola izinga:
- i-aldosterone;
- i-renin;
- i-cortisol: akukho mchamo wamahora ayi-XNUMX, i-serum/plasma, amathe asebusuku kakhulu
- ACTH;
- i-catecholamines kanye ne-metanephrines (ukukhishwa komchamo);
- ama-catecholamine e-plasma;
- i-metanephrine ngaphandle kwe-plasma.
Izinqubo zokukhula
Ukuze zihlolwe, ukuhlolwa kwenziwa ngalezi ezilandelayo:
- i-hormone yokukhula;
- Isici sokukhula esifana ne-insulin 1.
I-glucose homeostasis
Lezi zivivinyo zithathwa lapho kusolwa isifo sikashukela:
- i-insulin;
- I-C-peptide.
Zenziwa ngasikhathi sinye namazinga eglucose e-plasma, ukuhlolwa kokubekezelela i-glucose.
Ngingawahlola kuphi amahomoni ami?
Ukuhlaziywa kokuhlolwa kwephrofayili ye-hormonal kungathathwa elabhorethri ye-polyclinics nezibhedlela, uma kufakwe ohlelweni lokuhlola lomshuwalense wezokwelapha oyimpoqo. Kodwa ezinye izivivinyo zingase zingafakwa ohlelweni lwamahhala, futhi kufanele zithathwe ngenkokhelo.
Emitholampilo ezimele nasemalabhorethri, ungahlolwa amahomoni ngaphansi kwenqubomgomo ye-VHI noma ngenkokhelo, kuya ngenani locwaningo.
Kubiza malini ukuhlolwa kwamahomoni?
Ukuhlolwa kwama-hormone kubiza kusuka kuma-ruble angamakhulu ambalwa kuya ezinkulungwaneni ezimbalwa, kuye ngobunkimbinkimbi bokuhlolwa kanye nobude bako.
Izindleko zokuqala zingacaciswa kuwebhusayithi yomtholampilo, izindleko zokugcina zizoncika enanini locwaningo oludingekayo.
Imibuzo nezimpendulo ezidumile
Uphendule imibuzo mayelana nokuhlolwa kwamahomoni Isazi se-endocrinologist uZukhra Pavlova. Siphinde saphendula eminye yemibuzo ekuhlolweni kwamahomoni Isazi se-endocrinologist u-Elena Zhuchkova.
Ubani futhi nini okufanele ahlolelwe amahomoni?
Izinga lamahomoni lingahlolwa njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kodokotela. Ama-hormone egilo kanye ne-hormone evuselela i-thyroid (TSH) kuvame ukubhekwa kakhulu, njengoba izifo ze-thyroid zivame kakhulu.
Udokotela uchaza ukuhlaziywa kwamahomoni uma isiguli sinezikhalazo. Noma ukukhulelwa kuhlelwe - khona-ke bangabeka ukuhlolwa kokuzala futhi bahlole izinga le-testosterone, i-globulin, i-estradiol, i-prolactin.
Ungalungiselela kanjani ukuhlolwa kwe-hormone?
Ngivame ukuzwa: uma nginikela ngama-hormone egilo, khona-ke kuhlangene ngani nokuthi ngidlile noma cha. Eqinisweni, yonke into ixhumene. Ake sithi izinga le-testosterone, elibonakala lingahlangene nokudla. Uma ubheka ngaphambi kokudla kanye nemizuzu engu-20-30 ngemva kwalokho, esimweni sesibili, izinga layo lizokwehla ngo-30%. Futhi lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu!
Ngemuva kokudla, inani lamahomoni amathumbu, i-glucagon ne-insulin, nalo liyakhula, futhi selivele lithinta wonke amanye amahomoni.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, sizama ukucabangela isigqi se-circadian sama-hormone. Isibonelo, amazinga e-cortisol ne-testosterone aphezulu kakhulu ekuseni, kanti amanye amahomoni aphezulu kusihlwa.
Kunezidingo ezithile zokulethwa kwamahomoni. Kudingekile ukuthi isiguli sibe sesimweni sokulala, ngoba ukuma okuqondile komzimba womuntu kuthinta nezinga lamahomoni.
Ngaphambi kokudlula ukuhlolwa kwezinga le-cortisol, kungakuhle ukuthi ungadli inyama usuku, ungabi novalo, ungabandakanyi izimo ezicindezela kakhulu, ukuzikhandla okukhulu ngokomzimba.
Ingabe kungaba nemiphumela engalungile, ethinta ucwaningo?
Imiphumela yokuhlolwa okuthile kwama-hormone ingashintshwa uma kwenziwa ngokushesha ngemva kwenqubo ye-physiotherapy, ukuhlolwa kwe-X-ray, i-ultrasound (isibonelo, akudingekile ukwenza ucwaningo lwama-hormone athile ngosuku lwe-ultrasound yebele. , i-ultrasound ye-prostate). Ngasikhathi sinye, ungathatha ngokuphepha izivivinyo zamahomoni egilo ngemva kwe-ultrasound yegland yegilo. Lokhu ngeke kuthinte umphumela nganoma iyiphi indlela. I-endocrinologist izokusiza ukuthi uzulazule futhi iphakamise uhlelo olungcono kakhulu ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
Igazi lokucwaninga ngamahomoni ocansi kwabesifazane linikelwa ngosuku oluthile lomjikelezo. Uchwepheshe kufanele nakanjani akuxwayise ngalokhu.
Ezinye izifo ezingahlobene ne-endocrine pathology zingathinta umphumela wokuhlolwa. Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, kufanelekile ukucabangela ukuba khona komdlavuza, i-pathology engapheli yesibindi, izinso, ukugula kwengqondo okukhulu. Futhi, inhlanganisela yezifo eziningana ze-endocrine yenza izinguquko ekuchazeni imiphumela futhi kufanele ihlolwe nguchwepheshe.
Cishe konke ukuhlolwa kwegazi kwama-hormone akufanele kwenziwe kanye, kodwa ku-dynamics. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-dynamics kunolwazi oluthe xaxa mayelana nokuxilongwa kanye nokubikezela inkambo nomphumela wesifo.