Umkhuhlane waseHong Kong uwubhubhane lomhlaba wonke owaqubuka phakathi kwehlobo lika-1968 nasekuqaleni kuka-1970. Ngaleso sikhathi kwaba ubhubhane lomkhuhlane wesithathu ukwenzeka ekhulwini lama-30. Yayinecala lokufa kwesigidi kuya kwezine emhlabeni wonke, kuhlanganise ne-000 kuya ku-35 eFrance kanye nabangaphezu kuka-000 e-United States. Igciwane le-A (H50N000), elibhekene nalolu bhubhane, lisasebenza nanamuhla futhi lithathwa njengohlobo lomkhuhlane wesizini.

Manje isikhohliwe kakhulu, umkhuhlane waseHong Kong uwubhubhane lomhlaba wonke owadonsa iminyaka emithathu phakathi kwehlobo lika-1968 nasekuqaleni kuka-1970.

Lesi wubhubhane lwesithathu lomkhuhlane ukwenzeka ngekhulu le-1956. Umkhuhlane waseHong Kong walandela ubhubhane lwango-58-1918 - olubizwa ngokuthi umkhuhlane wase-Asia - kanye no-19-1968 - obizwa ngokuthi umkhuhlane waseSpain. Ubhubhane olu-3 lwabangelwa ukuvela kwegciwane lomkhuhlane i-A subtype H2NXNUMX.

Yabangela ukufa kwesigidi kuya kwezine emhlabeni wonke, kuhlanganise nabangu-30 kuya ku-000 eFrance nabangaphezu kuka-35 e-United States, okungaphansi kakhulu komkhuhlane waseSpain, owawubangele abantu abaphakathi kwezigidi ezingu-000 nezingu-50. efile. Ingxenye yokufa izodalulwa kubantu abaneminyaka engaphansi kuka-000 - ngokungafani nobhubhane lwamanje lwe-Covid-25.

Ngokuphambene negama lawo, umkhuhlane waseHong Kong waqala eShayina ngoJulayi 1968 futhi wasakazeka emhlabeni wonke kwaze kwaba ngu-1969-70. Inegama elidukisayo elithi "Hong Kong flu" ngoba leli gciwane lazibonakalisa ngendlela enonya kakhulu kuleli koloni laseBrithani maphakathi noJulayi 68. 

Igciwane le-A (H3N2) elabangela ubhubhane lwango-1968 lisasakazwa nanamuhla. Kuthathwa njengohlobo lomkhuhlane wesizini.

Iminyaka eyi-10, igciwane i-A (H1N1), elibhekene nobhubhane lwango-1918, lalibhekene nomkhuhlane wezinkathi ezithile kwaze kwaba wubhadane lwango-1968 lapho igciwane i-A (H3N2) lithatha indawo yalo. Ngo-1977, kwabonakala ukuvela kabusha kwegciwane le-A (H1N1) - umkhuhlane waseRussia. Kusukela ngalolo suku, amagciwane A (H1N1) kanye no-A (H3N2) abelokhu ejikeleza njalo phakathi nomkhuhlane wesizini. Ngesikhathi sobhubhane luka-2018-2019, amagciwane e-A (H3N2) kanye no-A (H1N1) asakazwa ngasikhathi sinye, emele ngokulandelana kwawo ama-64,9% kanye nama-33,6% amagciwane omkhuhlane akhonjwe ezwenikazi laseFrance.

Ngawo-1990, igciwane elihlobene eduze negciwane lomkhuhlane waseHong Kong lahlukaniswa ezingulubeni. Ososayensi basola ukuthi igciwane le-human A (H3N2) selisabalele ezingulubeni: izilwane ezinalesi sifo zingase zibonise izimpawu zomkhuhlane wezingulube.

Igciwane lomkhuhlane wase-Hong Kong kukholakala ukuthi lavela ohlotsheni lwalokho okwabangela ubhubhane lomkhuhlane wase-Asia wango-1956: umkhuhlane A we-H2N2 subtype wabangela i-H3N2 ngenqubo yokuguqulwa kofuzo kumagciwane angaphandle ukuze kukhiqizwe i-H3 entsha. i-antigen. Ngenxa yokuthi leli gciwane elisha layigcina i-antigen ye-neuraminidase N2, abantu ababechayeke egciwaneni lika-1956 ngokusobala babesigcinile isivikelo sokuzivikela komzimba ngokumelene negciwane lango-1968.

Izimpawu

Izimpawu zomkhuhlane waseHong Kong zijwayelekile zomkhuhlane:

• Ukushisa okuphezulu nokubandayo;
• I-Migraines;
• I-Myalgia: ubuhlungu bemisipha nobuthakathaka;
• I-Arthralgia: ubuhlungu obuhlangene;
• I-Asthenia: ubuthakathaka bomzimba, ukukhathala ngokomzimba;
• Khwehlela.

Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile zihlala izinsuku ezine kuya kweziyisithupha.

Umkhuhlane waseHong Kong ubangele izifo ezingathi sína kakhulu noma ezingatheni kubantu abahlukahlukene emhlabeni jikelele. Nakuba lesi sifo sasisakazeke kabanzi futhi sithinta abambalwa kuphela abantu baseJapane, sasisakazeke futhi sibulala abantu abaningi e-United States.

Izinkinga

Izinkinga ezihlobene nomkhuhlane waseHong Kong zimi kanje:

• I-Broncho-pulmonary bacterial superinfection;
• Isifo samaphaphu esinzima;
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo noma ukuphefumula;
• I-Encephalitis;
• I-Myocardite;
• I-Pericarditis;

Nakuba kwakhiwa umuthi wokugomela igciwane lomkhuhlane waseHong Kong, awuzange utholakale kwaze kwaba ngemva kokuqothuka kwalolu bhubhane emazweni amaningi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, lo mgomo unikeze amandla ukwanda kwemijovo yokugoma umkhuhlane: uhlobo lwegciwane lomkhuhlane wase-Hong Kong nalo luhlanganisa ukwakheka kwemithi yokugoma yamanje.

Umkhuhlane waseHong Kong kanye ne-Covid-19 zifana neqiniso lokuthi ziyizifo eziwubhubhane. Ngaphezu kwalokho, la magciwane amabili angamagciwane e-RNA, okusho ukuthi kungenzeka ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo zombili. Ekugcineni, igciwane lomkhuhlane waseHong Kong, elifana nele-Covid-19, i-SARS-CoV-2, lathinta iFrance ngamagagasi amabili: elokuqala ebusika bango-1968-1969, kanti elesibili ngobusika obulandelayo.