Uju lwezitini ezibomvu ze-agaric (Hypholoma lateritium) isithombe nencazelo

Uju lwezitini ezibomvu ze-agaric (I-Hypholoma lateritium)

• Ikhekheba lezinyosi zamanga-bomvu

• Ikhekheba lezinyosi zamanga-bomvu
• I-Hypholoma sublateritium
• I-Agaricus carneolus
• I-Nematoloma sublateritium
• Inocybe corcontica

ikhanda: Amasentimitha angu-3-8 ububanzi, osayizi abafika ku-10 ngisho no-12 cm bayaboniswa. Ebancane, icishe ibe yindilinga, inonqenqema oluqine kakhulu, bese i-convex, iba yi-convex futhi, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, icishe ibe isicaba. Ku-intergrowths, izigqoko zamakhowe ezinyosi ezibomvu zezitini zivame ukukhubazeka, njengoba zingenayo indawo eyanele yokuphenduka. Isikhumba sekepisi sibushelelezi, ngokuvamile somile, simanzi ngemva kwemvula, kodwa asinamathele kakhulu. Umbala wekepisi ungachazwa ngokuthi “obomvu ngezitini” jikelele, kodwa umbala awulingani, umnyama phakathi nendawo futhi uphaphathekile (pinkish-buff, pinkish kuya kokubomvu okugqamile, kwesinye isikhathi unamabala amnyama) emaphethelweni, ikakhulukazi lapho usemncane, ezibonelweni ezindala, isigqoko siba mnyama ngokulinganayo. Phezulu kwe-cap, ikakhulukazi emaphethelweni, njengomthetho, kukhona "imicu" emincane - izinwele ezimhlophe, lezi ziyizinsalela ze-bedspread yangasese.

amapuleti: ukunamathela ngokulinganayo noma ngenotshi encane. Kaningi, emincane, mncane, enamapuleti. Amakhowe amancane kakhulu amhlophe, amhlophe noma anokhilimu:

Kodwa ngokushesha ziba mnyama, zithole umbala ompunga ophaphathekile, ompunga womnqumo uye kompunga, emifanekisweni evuthiwe ukusuka kokumpunga okunsomi kuya kunsundu ngokunsomi.

Leg: 4-12 cm ubude, 1-2 cm ubukhulu, ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi ngokulinganayo noma kancane agobile, ngokuvamile kuncipha kakhulu ngasemsuka ngenxa yokukhula kwamaqoqo, ngokuvamile ane-rhizome encane. Ingenazinwele noma i-pubescent kahle engxenyeni engenhla, ngokuvamile ene-ephemeral noma indawo engapheli eqhubekayo engxenyeni engenhla. Umbala awulingani, umhlophe ngenhla, kusukela kokumhlophe kuya kokuphuzi, okukhanyayo okukhanyayo, ama-brownish shades avela ngezansi, kusukela kunsundu ngokukhanyayo kuya kunsundu ogqwalile, obomvu, ngezinye izikhathi "nemivimbo" namabala aphuzi. Umlenze wamakhowe amancane uphelele, ngokukhula kwawo awunalutho.

ring (okuthiwa "isiketi"): akukho ngokusobala, kepha uma ubhekisisa, "endaweni yonyaka" kwezinye izibonelo zabantu abadala, ungabona izinsalela "zemicu" endaweni yombhede yangasese.

Umtfumbu: iqinile, ayifihli kakhulu, imhlophe ukuya kophuzi.

iphunga: alikho iphunga elikhethekile, elithambile, amakhowe amancane.

Taste. Lokhu kufanele kushiwo kabanzi. Imithombo ehlukene inikeza idatha yokunambitha ehluke kakhulu, kusukela “kubumnene”, “okubaba kancane” kuye “okubabayo”. Ukuthi lokhu kungenxa yezici zenani elithile labantu, izimo zezulu, ikhwalithi yokhuni akhula kulo amakhowe, isifunda, noma enye into akucaci.

Kwakubonakala kumlobi wale nothi ukuthi ezifundeni ezinesimo sezulu esithambile (i-British Isles, isibonelo), ukunambitheka kuvame ukuboniswa ngokuthi "okumnene, ngezinye izikhathi okubabayo", lapho isimo sezulu sisezwekazini, sibaba kakhulu. Kodwa lokhu kuwukucabangela kuphela, okungaqinisekisiwe ngokwesayensi nganoma iyiphi indlela.

Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali: I-KOH i-brownish endaweni ye-cap.

i-spore powder: onsundu onsomi.

Izici ze-Microscopic: izinhlamvu 6-7 x 3-4 microns; i-ellipsoid, bushelelezi, bushelelezi, izindonga ezincane, ezinezimbotshana ezingabonakali, ziphuzi ngo-KOH.

Ububomvu be-honeydew bamanga busakazwa kabanzi eYurophu, e-Asia naseMelika.

Ithela izithelo kusukela ehlobo (ekupheleni kukaJune-July) kuya ekwindla, November-December, kuze kube isithwathwa. Ikhula ngamaqembu nangokuhlanganisa okhunini olufile, olubolile, olungavamile ukuhlala (eziphunzini nasezintweni eziseduze, okhunini olukhulu olufile, izimpande ezifile ezicwiliswe emhlabathini) zezinhlobo ezivuthulukayo, ikhetha i-oki, ivela ku-birch, maple, poplar, kanye izihlahla zezithelo. Ngokusho kwezincwadi, akuvamile ukukhula kuma-conifers.

Lapha, njengolwazi mayelana nokunambitha, idatha ihlukile, iyaphikisana.

Ngakho-ke, isibonelo, eminye imithombo yolimi -(isi-our country-)-ibhekisa amakhowe abomvu ngezitini kumakhowe angadliwayo noma ezigabeni ezi-4 ezidliwayo ngokwemibandela. Amathumba amabili noma amathathu angashadile anconywa kusukela kumaminithi angu-5 kuya kwangu-15-25 ngalinye, ngokukhipha okuphoqelekile komhluzi nokugeza amakhowe ngemva kwamathumba, emva kwalokho amakhowe angathoswa futhi afakwe emanzini.

Eluhlaza noma engaphekiwe kahle, lawa makhowe angabangela ukuphazamiseka kwamathumbu. Ngakho-ke, imithombo eminingi yolimi lwesiNgisi ayikukhuthazi ukunambitha uju lwe-agaric olubomvu ngezitini, ngisho nangezinhloso zokuhlonza, futhi uma uzama, ungaligwinyi nhlobo.

Ayikho idatha ethembekile ngobuthi obuhlonziwe. Alukho ulwazi mayelana nanoma ibuphi ubuthi obunzima.

Lapho uJacob Christian Schaeffer echaza lolu hlobo lwezilwane ngo-1762, waluqamba ngokuthi i-Agaricus lateritius. (Izikhunta eziningi ze-agaric ekuqaleni zafakwa ohlotsheni lwe-Agaricus ezinsukwini zokuqala ze-fungal taxonomy.) Ngemva kwekhulu leminyaka, encwadini yakhe ethi Der Führer in die Pilzkunde eyanyatheliswa ngo-1871, uPaul Kummer wadlulisela lolu hlobo ohlotsheni lwalo lwamanje lwe-Hypholoma.

I-Hypholoma lateritium synonymes ihlanganisa uhlu olukhulu, phakathi kwabo kufanele kukhulunywe ngalo:

• Agaricus lateralis Schaeff.
• I-Agaricus sublateritis Schaeff.
• I-agaric ka-Bolton ekhazimulayo
• I-Pratella lateritia (Schaeff.) Gray,
• Pheka i-scaly deconic
• I-Hypholoma sublateritium (Schaeff.) Quél.
• I-Naematoloma sublateritium (Schaeff.) P. Karst.

E-US, iningi lama-mycologists likhetha igama elithi Hypholoma sublateritium (Schaeff.) Quél.

Ngokwesiko lokukhuluma, amagama athi "Brick-red honey agaric" kanye "Brick-red false honey agaric" asungulwe.

I-Hypholoma (Gyfoloma), igama lohlobo, elihunyushwa cishe lisho "amakhowe anezintambo" - "amakhowe anezintambo." Lokhu kungase kube ukubhekisela kweveli eliyingxenye ye-filamentous ehlanganisa i-cap margin nesiqu, emboza amapuleti emizimba emincane ethela izithelo, nakuba abanye ababhali bakholelwa ukuthi lokhu kubhekisela kuma-rhizomorphs ane-filamentous (izinqwaba ze-basal mycelial, i-hyphae) ezibonakalayo. khona kanye phansi kwesiqu.

I-epithet lateritium ethize kanye ne-epithet sublateritium yayo efanayo idinga incazelo ethile. I-Sub isho ukuthi “cishe”, ngakho lokho kuyachaza ngokwakho; i-lateitium ingumbala wezitini, kodwa njengoba izitini zingaba cishe noma yimuphi umbala, leli mhlawumbe igama elichaza kakhulu embusweni wamakhowe; Nokho, umbala wekepisi wamakhowe abomvu ngezitini cishe uhambisana nomqondo wabantu abaningi “wobomvu besitini” eduze kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, igama elithile elithi Hypholoma lateritium manje seliye lamukelwa, ngaphezu kokwanele.

Ikhekheba lezinyosi eliphuzi-sulphur (Hypholoma fasciculare)

Amakhowe ezinyosi zamanga amancane aphuzi sulphur afana kakhulu namakhowe abomvu ngezitini. Futhi kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuzihlukanisa: izinhlobo zezilwane zihlangana ezifundeni, i-ecology kanye nesikhathi sokuthela. Zombili izinhlobo zingababa ngokulinganayo ngokunambitheka. Udinga ukubheka amapuleti abantu abadala, kodwa hhayi amakhowe asebekhulile hhayi omisiwe. Ngombala ophuzi nesibabule, amapuleti anombala ophuzi-oluhlaza okotshani, "sulphur-yellow", ngombala obomvu wezitini anompunga anemithunzi ensomi, e-violet.

I-Hypholoma capnoides

Kubukeka sengathi umbala obomvu wezitini unemibandela kakhulu. I-gray-lamelala inamapuleti ampunga, angenawo ama-yellow tints kumakhowe amancane, aqoshwe egameni. Kodwa isici esiyinhloko esihlukanisayo yindawo yokukhula: kuphela kuma-conifers.

Ividiyo mayelana ne-mushroom Honey agaric brick-red:

Isithombe: Gumenyuk Vitaliy futhi sisuka emibuzweni kokuthi Ukuqashelwa.