Ngemuva kwamahora angaphezu kweshumi nambili wezingxoxo ezishubile, isiGungu Sikazwelonke saqinisekisa ngoFebhuwari 12, 2021 umthetho omusha olungisa ukufundiswa komndeni. Kwehlulelwe okuningi Ukubopha kwabaningi, lo mbhalo ungene esikhundleni sesimemezelo esilula ngesicelo sokugunyazwa kwezinsizakalo zoMbuso.

Wemukelwa ngoFebhuwari 12, lo mthetho omusha kudingidwa ngawo. Umthetho uhlinzekela ukuthi ukugunyazwa kwe-Family Instruction (IEF) noma i-Home School, kunganikezwa kuphela:

• isizathu sezempilo;
• ukukhubazeka;
• umkhuba wobuciko noma wezemidlalo;
• ukungabi namakhaya emndenini;
• ukususwa esikhungweni;
• futhi uma kwenzeka isimo esithile enganeni esishukumisa iphrojekthi yezemfundo.

Kuwo wonke lawa macala, umthetho ubalula ukuthi "intshisekelo yezingane" kumele ihlonishwe.

EFrance, izingane ezingaphezu kwezigidi eziyi-8 zifundiswa ngenkani. Futhi uma sikhuluma ngemfundo, lokhu akusho isibopho sokuya esikoleni, kepha isibopho sabazali sokunikeza izingane zabo imfundo, ngokwendlela abakhetha ngayo (yomphakathi, yangasese, ngaphandle kwenkontileka, izifundo zebanga, imfundo yasekhaya , njll.).

Lesi sibopho sisebenza ezinganeni ezineminyaka ephakathi kwengu-6 nengu-16 ubudala ngokuya ngekhodi yezemfundo, izindatshana u-L131-1 kuye ku-L131-13.

Iyanda imindeni ekhetha imfundo yasekhaya. Ekuqaleni konyaka wezi-2020, bamele u-0,5% wabafundi baseFrance sebonke, okungukuthi izingane ezingama-62, uma kuqhathaniswa nama-000 kwabangu-13.

Ukwanda okuxwayise iziphathimandla zomphakathi ezisaba ukukhula kwe-radicalization zisencane.

Izingane ezifundiswe emindenini zinenhloso yokufinyelela ezingeni elifanayo lolwazi, ukubonisana nokuthuthuka kwengqondo njengabantwana abaya ezikoleni zeMfundo Kazwelonke. Kuzofanele bathole "isisekelo esivamile sokufunda nolwazi".

Umndeni ngamunye ukhululekile ukukhetha izindlela zawo zokufunda, inqobo nje uma zihambisana namandla engqondo nawengqondo engane.

Kuze kube manje, le mindeni bekufanele imemezele imfundo yezingane zayo ehholo ledolobha nasesikoleni, ihlolwe kanye noma kabili ngonyaka ngabahloli beMfundo Kazwelonke.

Ezinye izingane zifundiswe emakhaya ngokuzikhethela, kepha iningi lazo ngenxa yesidingo.

Kukhona ngempela umshini obizwa nge-Inclusive School, kepha abazali bahlala behlangabezana nokushoda kwezindawo, amabanga ukusuka kuzikhungo, ukuntuleka kokwesekwa noma izinqubo zokuphatha ezinzima ukuthembela indawo esakhiweni.

Amaqembu ezemfundo, asevele enesidingo esikhulu, kwesinye isikhathi aze ashiywe yedwa ukubhekana nezifo ezahlukahlukene, ezingenazo okhiye, noma ukuqeqeshwa, noma isikhathi sokukwazi ukuziphendula.

Ukukhishwa okungavunyelwe okuvele kubeka izingqinamba eziningi. Ngakho-ke, ngo-2021, lo mthetho uyakhathaza.

Abanye abazali bezingane nabakhubazekile abakhubazekile, njenge-AEVE (Association autisme, espoir vers l'école), besaba inqubo “enzima futhi engaqiniseki” engabeka engcupheni ukufaka umhlakulo emasondweni “emindeni esivele igcwele ngokweqile. "Njengoba" kuzofanele bahlanganise ifayili unyaka nonyaka ".

“Uma wazi ukuthi kufanele ulinde izinyanga eziyisishiyagalolunye ukuthola ukwesekwa ngosizo lwabantu ekufundiseni noma ekuqondisweni kwento ekhethekile, yisiphi isikhathi esizodingeka ukuthola lokhu kugunyazwa? “, Icela uhlangothi lwayo usoseshini weToupi owathumela incwadi emaphini ekupheleni kukaDisemba 2020 ukuvikela izintshisekelo zabafundi abakhubazekile.

UToupi wesaba ukuthi Imfundo Kazwelonke idinga umbono ovela eMnyangweni Wezindlu Zabantu Abakhubazekile (njengoba kwenzeka ekubhalisweni kwe-CNED (Isikhungo Sikazwelonke Sokufunda Ngebanga). Le divayisi inikezelwe ezinganeni ezigulayo nezikhubazekile.

Ucwaningo oluthinta lo mthethosivivinywa lumemezela ukuthi uhulumeni uzokhipha imvume uma kwenzeka ukugula noma ukukhubazeka kuphela ezimweni ezinqunyelwe, lapho ukufunda “kungenziwa kungenzeki”.

Kepha ngubani ozokwazi ukubona ukuthi ukufunda akunakwenzeka usola i-AEVE. Ezinganeni ezine-autistic, ukufundela nganoma iyiphi imali akufanelekile.

"Izinsizakalo ze-rectorate zizocubungula iphrojekthi eyenziwe abazali nayo yonke imigomo ezobavumela ukuthi banikeze noma cha lesi sigunyazo", kuphendula ngoDisemba 2020, umthombo kaJean-Michel Blanquer, onguNgqongqoshe Wezemfundo Kazwelonke.

KuBénédicte Kail, umeluleki wezemfundo kuzwelonke i-APF France, "kunezimo eziningi lapho lokhu kugunyazwa kungatholwa ngendlela enobudlova futhi engafanele, ngokwesibonelo lapho imfundo yomndeni ingukukhetha okuzenzakalelayo. lapho isikole sisekude nokubandakanya ”.

“Kukhona nombuzo wesimo somndeni esilinde lesi sigunyazo esisha lapho usuphoqeleke ukuthi ukhiphe ingane yawo esikoleni, mhlawumbe esimweni esiphuthumayo, okuyisinqumo kwesinye isikhathi esenziwa yisikhungo, isibonelo isikole. owenqaba ukwamukela ingane ngaphandle kwe-AESH (ohambisana nomfundi okhubazekile) ngoba, noma ngabe akukho emthethweni, kusenzeka… ”, kuqhuba uBénédicte Kail. Ngabe uzokhishwa emthethweni ??

“Yikuphi okunye ukucasula esizokwenzela le mindeni engagcini nje ngokubona izingane zayo zilahlwa ezikoleni kepha kuzofanele futhi icele ukugunyazwa ukuze ifundise emakhaya labo abangafuni isikole sabo !! », Wengeza uMarion Aubry, usekela-mongameli weToupi.