IGlycogen

Ukumelana komzimba wethu nezimo ezingezinhle zemvelo kuchazwa yikhono lawo lokwenza izinqolobane ezifika ngesikhathi. Enye yezinto ezibalulekile "zokugcina" zomzimba yi-glycogen - i-polysaccharide eyenziwe ngezinsalela ze-glucose.

Kuncike ekutheni umuntu uthola inani elidingekayo lama-carbohydrate nsuku zonke, khona-ke i-glucose, esesimweni se-cell glycogen, ingasala ibekiwe. Uma umuntu ehlangabezana nendlala yamandla, i-glycogen iyasebenza, ilandelwe ukuguqulwa kwayo kube yi-glucose.

Ukudla okunothe kwe-Glycogen:

Izici ezijwayelekile ze-glycogen

IGlycogen kubantu abavamile ibizwa isitashi sesilwane… I-carbohydrate yokugcina ekhiqizwa emzimbeni wezilwane nabantu. Ifomula yayo yamakhemikhali ithi (C6H10O5)n… I-Glycogen iyinhlanganisela yeglucose, efakwa ngesimo semibhinjana emincane ku-cytoplasm yamaseli emisipha, isibindi, izinso, kanye nasemangqamuzaneni obuchopho namaseli amhlophe egazi. Ngakho-ke, i-glycogen iyindawo yokugcina amandla ekwazi ukugcwalisa ukungabikho kwe-glucose uma kungekho ukudla okwanele komzimba.

 

Kumnandi!

Amaseli wesibindi (ama-hepatocyte) angabaholi ekuqongeleleni i-glycogen! Zingaba ngamaphesenti ayisishiyagalombili esisindo sabo kule nto. Kulokhu, amaseli emisipha nezinye izitho ziyakwazi ukuqoqa i-glycogen ngenani elingadluli ku-8 - 1%. Kubantu abadala, inani eliphelele le-glycogen yesibindi lingafinyelela ku-1,5-100 amagremu!

Imfuneko yansuku zonke yomzimba ye-glycogen

Ngokwesincomo sodokotela, isilinganiso sansuku zonke se-glycogen akufanele sibe ngaphansi kwama-gramu ayi-100 ngosuku. Yize kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi i-glycogen iqukethe ama-molecule e-glucose, futhi ukubalwa kungenziwa kuphela ngokuncika.

Isidingo se-glycogen siyanda:

  • Endabeni yokuzikhandla okwandisiwe komzimba okuhambisana nokwenza inani elikhulu lokukhohlisa okuyisidina. Ngenxa yalokhu, imisipha ihlushwa ukungatholakali kwegazi kanye nokushoda kweglucose egazini.
  • Lapho wenza umsebenzi ohlobene nomsebenzi wobuchopho. Kulokhu, i-glycogen equkethwe amangqamuzana obuchopho isheshe iguqulwe ibe amandla omsebenzi. Amaseli ngokwawo, njengoba eyekile ukunqwabelana, adinga ukugcwaliswa kabusha kwamasheya.
  • Uma kwenzeka kunokudla okulinganiselwe. Kulokhu, umzimba, uthola i-glucose encane ekudleni, uqala ukucubungula izinqolobane zawo.

Isidingo se-glycogen siyancipha:

  • Lapho udla inani elikhulu lezinhlanganisela ezifana noshukela noshukela.
  • Ngezifo ezihambisana nokwanda kwe-glucose.
  • Ngezifo zesibindi.
  • Nge-glycogenesis ebangelwa ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-enzymatic.

Ukugayeka kwe-glycogen

IGlycogen ingeyeqembu lama-carbohydrate asheshe agayeke, ngokubambezeleka kokubulawa. Lokhu kwakhiwa kuchazwa ngale ndlela elandelayo: inqobo nje uma kuneminye imithombo yamandla eyanele emzimbeni, ama-granules we-glycogen azogcinwa ephelele. Kepha lapho nje ubuchopho buthumela isignali mayelana nokushoda kwamandla, i-glycogen ngaphansi kwethonya lama-enzyme iqala ukuguqulwa ibe yi-glucose.

Izakhiwo eziwusizo ze-glycogen nomphumela wayo emzimbeni

Njengoba i-molecule ye-glycogen imelelwa yi-glucose polysaccharide, izakhiwo zayo ezizuzisayo, kanye nomphumela emzimbeni, zihambelana nezici ze-glucose.

IGlycogen ingumthombo ophelele wamandla omzimba ngesikhathi sokushoda kwezakhamzimba, kuyadingeka ekusebenzeni okugcwele kwengqondo nangokomzimba.

Ukusebenzisana nezinto ezibalulekile

I-Glycogen inekhono lokuguqula masinyane kuma-molecule e-glucose. Ngasikhathi sinye, ithintana kakhulu namanzi, i-oxygen, i-ribonucleic (RNA), ne-deoxyribonucleic (DNA) acid.

Izimpawu zokuntuleka kwe-glycogen emzimbeni

  • ukunganaki;
  • ukukhubazeka kwememori;
  • ukuncipha kwemisipha;
  • amasosha omzimba buthakathaka;
  • imizwa ecindezelekile.

Izimpawu ze-glycogen eyeqile

  • ukuqina kwegazi;
  • ukungasebenzi kwesibindi;
  • izinkinga ezincane zamathumbu;
  • ukwanda kwesisindo somzimba.

IGlycogen yobuhle nempilo

Njengoba i-glycogen ingumthombo wamandla wangaphakathi emzimbeni, ukushoda kwayo kungadala ukwehla okujwayelekile emandleni omzimba wonke. Lokhu kubonakala ekusebenzeni kwezinwele zezinwele, amangqamuzana esikhumba, futhi kubonakala ngokulahleka kokukhanya kwamehlo.

Inani elanele le-glycogen emzimbeni, ngisho nangesikhathi sokushoda okukhulu kwezakhamzimba zamahhala, lizokugcina ukhuthele, ugcwele izihlathi, ubuhle besikhumba nokukhanya kwezinwele!

Siqoqe amaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu nge-glycogen kulo mfanekiso futhi sizojabula uma wabelana ngesithombe kwinethiwekhi yokuxhumana noma kubhulogi, ngesixhumanisi saleli khasi:

Amanye Umsoco Odumile:

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