I-Giardiasis yisifo esivame ukuvela ezinjeni esibangela isifo sohudo. Akusona isimo esibucayi kakhulu kodwa siyathelelana futhi kwesinye isikhathi kunzima ukuselapha, ikakhulukazi emiphakathini. Sethula lapha amaphuzu abalulekile okwazi ngalesi sifo nezindlela zokusielapha.

I-Giardiasis ibangelwa i-parasite yokugaya ebizwa ngokuthi i-Giardia intestinalis (noma i-Giardia duodenalis). I-protozoan, okusho ukuthi ukwakheka kwengqamuzana. 

Le parasite ikhona ngezindlela ezimbili:

• I-Trophozoites: ifomu elisebenzayo elitholakala emkhakheni wokugaya ukudla wezilwane. Leli yifomu elizophindaphinda emathunjini amancane kusetshenziswa imisoco egaywe yinja. Ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukudla kungenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kwe-mucosa yamathumbu okubangelwa ama-trophozoite;
• Cysts: Ifomu elithule elivumela izilwane ezintsha ukuthi zitheleleke. Ama-Cysts akhiqizwa ama-trophozoites emathunjini amancane bese ededelwa endaweni ngendle. Leli fomu elimelana kakhulu lingaphila izinyanga ezindaweni ezishisayo nezinomswakama. 

I-parasite idluliselwa ngokungenwa kwama-cysts akhona endaweni engcoliswe indle: amanzi angcolile, amajazi ezilwane, amathoyizi nezitsha, inhlabathi.

I-Giardiasis yisifo esivamile ezinjeni. EYurophu, cishe u-3% kuya ku-7% wezinja uyawuthwala. Ezimweni eziningi, izinja ezithintekile azibonakali, ikakhulukazi abantu abadala abaye bahlakulela impendulo eyanele yokuzivikela komzimba. Laba-ke bangabathwali abanempilo abangaguli kodwa abaqhubeka nokukhipha ama-cyst endaweni ezungezile.  

I-parasite ivame ukuhlangana nayo ezilwaneni ezincane, lapho isifo senzeke kaningi.

Izimpawu ezingase zibhekwe zimi kanje: 

• Uhudo olungapheli, oluvame ukuvela ngezikhathi ezithile;
• Indle eguqukile, eningi, ethambile futhi enephunga elimnandi. Ngezinye izikhathi sibona ukuba khona kwefinyila elibukeka likhuluphele esitulweni (steatorrhea);
• Akukho ukuncipha kwesimo esijwayelekile;
• Ukwehla kwesisindo kancane kancane;
• Ijazi elifiphele / elingalingani.

Lesi sifo siqhubeka kancane futhi ukubikezelwa ngokuvamile kuhle. Izinkinga zitholakala ezilwaneni ezincane kakhulu noma ezindala, ezingenakuzivikela, ezibuthakathaka. 

Ngenxa yokutheleleka kwayo okuqinile, i-giardiosis ivame ukutholakala ezimweni zomphakathi, lapho izinja eziningana zihlala khona noma zihlangana njalo (ukuzalanisa, izindlwana, amapaki ezinja).

Ukuxilonga i-giardiasis kungaba nzima ngoba izifo eziningi ezahlukene zidala isifo sohudo futhi zithinta uhlobo olufanayo lwabantu. Kubalulekile ukubalula umlando wesifo nendlela inja ephila ngayo.

Udokotela wezilwane uzokwenza ukuhlolwa okuphelele komtholampilo futhi angenza izivivinyo ezengeziwe ukuthola ukuxilongwa. 

Ukuhlolwa kwe-coprological (ukuhlolwa kwendle yezinja) kuvame ukusetshenziselwa ukubuka i-parasite endle. Lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa elabhorethri noma emtholampilo. Kwesinye isikhathi kuyadingeka ukuqoqa amasampula endle izinsuku ezimbalwa ukwenza lokhu. 

Kukhona nokuhlolwa okusheshayo okufanele kwenziwe emtholampilo, kodwa ukwethembeka kwemiphumela kuyahlukahluka. Olunye uvivinyo olunembe kakhulu lunikezwa ngama-laboratories athile: i-PCR, i-immunofluorescence. 

I-Giardiosis ingelashwa nge-anti-protozoan therapy njenge-fenbendazole noma i-metronidazole. Lokhu kwelashwa kuthatha izinsuku ezimbalwa futhi kungavuselelwa uma kwenzeka kuphindelela.

Ngaphezu kokwelashwa, kubalulekile ukubeka izinyathelo zokuhlanzeka ukuze kukhawulwe ukutheleleka okusha: sebenzisa ishampoo yokubulala amagciwane engutsheni yenja ukuze ukhiphe ama-cyst akhona futhi ukhiphe amagciwane endaweni ezungezile nezinto ezingcolile. 

IGiardiasis ibaluleke kakhulu emapulazini noma ezindlini zezinja ngoba ingasakazeka ngokushesha futhi iqhubeke ngenxa yokungcola kabusha.

Uma kwenzeka sigula, zonke izilwane kufanele zelashwe ukuze kuqedwe izinto ezithwala impilo ezinempilo ezibandakanyeka ekusakazekeni kwalo gciwane.

Okubaluleke nakakhulu izinyathelo zokuhlanzeka ezihambisanayo. Kunconywa ukuhlanza, ukomisa bese ubulala amagciwane endaweni nge-bleach, i-chloroxylenol noma i-quaternary ammoniums. Okokulala kufanele kugezwe ku-60 ° noma ngaphezulu. Kunconywa isikhala sokucaca samahora angu-48 ngaphambi kwanoma yikuphi ukubuyiselwa kwezilwane. 

Ukuhlolwa kokuhlolwa kanye nokuvalelwa yedwa kungenziwa lapho isilwane esisha singeniswa ekhaya noma emphakathini.

I-Giardiasis iphinde iphakamise imibuzo yezempilo yomphakathi ngoba i-zoonosis. Isinambuzane siyakwazi ukuhlasela abantu kodwa futhi namakati nezilwane eziningi ezincelisayo.

Ingozi yokungcoliswa izinja ngabantu ibhekwa njengephansi kakhulu ngoba izinhlobo ezitholakala kakhulu ezinjeni azivamile ukuba khona kubantu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lesi sifo sivame ukuba mnene kumuntu omdala onempilo. 

Izimpawu zivela ikakhulukazi ezinganeni nakubantu abanezimo ezibuthakathaka noma ezingancishisiwe.

Uma inja yakho ine-giardiasis, akukho okumele ukhathazeke ngakho inqobo nje uma kunezinyathelo eziqinile zokuhlanzeka.

Ukwelashwa kwe-giardiosis kusekelwe ekusetshenzisweni kwe-anti-protozoan nezinyathelo ezibalulekile zenhlanzeko. Uma kwenzeka kuba nezimpawu ezihambisana nesifo esilwaneni sakho, akusona isimo esiphuthumayo kodwa thintana nodokotela wakho wezilwane ukuze akhulule uhudo futhi anqande ukusabalala kwe-parasite ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.