Okuqukethwe
I-pike evamile ingenye yezinhlanzi ezinkulu ezidla amanzi ahlanzekile eYurophu. Ngokusho kwamaqiniso aqinisekisiwe, ubude bayo bungafinyelela kumamitha angu-1,5, isisindo kuze kufike ku-35 kg - yabanjwa eLake Ilmen eRussia. Ngokusho okungaqinisekisiwe, ama-pikes amakhulu anesisindo esingama-65 kg abanjwe eNyakatho Dvina naseDnieper.
Izici eziphilayo
Ukuma komzimba we-pike kuyashanelwa, cishe i-cylindrical, i-dorsal kanye ne-anal fins iyiswa emuva emuva. Umzimba umbozwe izikali ezincane eziminyene kanye nongqimba lwamafinyila. Ikhanda likhulu, lide nekhala elide kakhulu futhi eliyisicaba, umhlathi ongezansi uphumela phambili. Amazinyo amaningi abukhali atholakala emlonyeni; emhlathini ongezansi makhulu futhi awavamile. Ama-gill rakers mafushane futhi awugqinsi, ane-apex eyisicaba. Amehlo ezinhlanzi makhulu futhi ayahamba. Umbala womzimba uvame ukumpunga-luhlaza, ingemuva limnyama, izinhlangothi zilula, zinamabala ansundu, kwesinye isikhathi zihlangana zibe yimigqa emnyama ephambanayo, isisu simhlophe.
Ngokuya ngendawo yokuhlala, umbala womzimba ungahluka kakhulu. Emachibini anodaka anamanzi anodaka ansundu, kumnyama, emifuleni enamanzi acwebile futhi asobala kuba grey-greenish, grey-yellow noma grey-brown. Umbala we-pike uyashintsha ngokuya ngeminyaka futhi uba mnyama. I-pectoral kanye ne-ventral fins inombala ophuzi ngokubomvu, i-dorsal, i-anal kanye ne-caudal fins inombala ophuzi ngokumpunga namabala ansundu noma amnyama.
Amaqiniso mayelana nokuthunjwa kwe-pike enkulu ngabadobi
- Ngo-1930, i-pike yokuqala enkulu kunazo zonke eRussia yabhalwa, futhi iqiniso lokubamba i-pike, elinesisindo esingu-35 kg, labhaliswa ngokomthetho okokuqala ngqa. Indawo lapho kwabanjwa khona izinhlanzi kuvele ukuthi yiLake Ilmen, bheka i-Wikipedia. Abadobi abaningi bathi lezi akuzona izigameko zodwa, kodwa bavele bazithulele ngempumelelo ngoba besaba umsindo ongenasidingo nokuthathwa kwezinhlanzi ezibanjiwe.
- Esifundazweni saseNew York, i-maskinong pike, enesisindo esingu-32 kg, yabanjwa eMfuleni iSt.
- E-Sortavala, iqiniso lokubamba i-pike enkulu kunazo zonke enesisindo esingama-49 kg labhalwa, i-bait ephilayo isetshenziswe njenge-bait, i-pike nayo ayincane ngobukhulu, ukucacisa, i-5 kg.
- ELake Uvldach, elisenyakatho, i-pike enkulu yabanjwa, isisindo sayo sasingu-56 kg.
- Kukhona futhi amaqiniso okubamba i-pike ephawulekayo eLake Ladoga nase-our country, kodwa isisindo sayo asiyona into emangalisa kakhulu, okungenakushiwo mayelana nobudala bayo. Imithombo esemthethweni ibika ukuthi i-pike endala kunazo zonke emhlabeni yahlala iminyaka engaba ngu-33.
- Icala elithakazelisayo lenzeka eNetherlands, lapho kubanjwe khona umhlaseli, ubude bawo buyi-120 cm, futhi kuthatha imizuzu eyi-10 kuphela ukuyikhipha. Inhlanzi yakhululwa endaweni yayo yomdabu ngokushesha ngemva kokuthwebula izithombe nokulinganisa.
- Futhi maduzane, ngo-2011, eCanada, iqiniso lokubamba i-pike 118 cm ubude labhalwa, okwathi ngemva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa lashaywa ama-anglers eMfuleni iSt.
I-pike enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni
I-pike enkulu ibilokhu ikhona futhi izoba yindaba yezinganekwane, izinganekwane nezindaba ama-anglers asebezihlanganisa amakhulu eminyaka. Inganekwane edume kakhulu ithi i-pike enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni yabanjwa eJalimane. Isisindo sawo sasiyi-140 kg, futhi ubude buyi-5,7 amamitha. Iphinde ikhulume ngeminyaka erekhodiwe yezinhlanzi, eyayiyiminyaka engama-270; lokhu kwakusekelwe kudatha etholakala mayelana nendandatho, eyafakwa ezinhlanzi ngo-1230 ngomyalo woMbusi uFrederick II.
Uhlaka lwamathambo ale nhlanzi lwalusemnyuziyamu wedolobha laseMannheim isikhathi eside, lujabulisa amehlo ezivakashi futhi lungakhathazi muntu. Kodwa ngolunye usuku oluhle, ososayensi banquma ukuhlola ubuqiniso balo mbukiso. Futhi bafakazela ukuthi lokhu kungumhlangano nje wamathambo ezinhlanzi ezimbalwa ezincane ezidla ezinye. Ngakho akuyona into engaphezu kwenganekwane.
I-pike enkulu ibanjwe eRussia
Ama-pikes amarekhodi eRussia abhekwa njengezilwane ezidla ezinye eziphila iminyaka engu-20 ubudala futhi zinesisindo esisuka ku-16 kilogram. Imvamisa, izindebe ezinjalo ziwela eLake Ladoga. Kodwa abadobi bahlale bethule ngabo, beshukunyiswa ukuthi izinhlanzi zizothathwa, futhi ngeke sithole lutho.
I-pike enkulu kunazo zonke ebanjwe eRussia yabanjwa futhi yabhaliswa ngokusemthethweni echibini laseLadoga okukhulunywe ngalo ngenhla eduze nedolobha laseSortavala, inhlanzi yayinesisindo esingamakhilogremu angu-49 200 amagremu, futhi yabanjwa ngesiheho esiphilayo - i-pike enesisindo esingu-5 kg, eyayisanda wabanjwa i-wobbler futhi wahudulelwa ogwini.
Indawo yokuhlala ye-pike evamile
Lolu hlobo lusatshalaliswa kabanzi eYurophu, e-Asia naseNyakatho Melika. I-Pike yaqale yalethwa eCrimea phakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule ngabadobi abayizimfundamakhwela futhi yakhululwa echibini le-Alma.
Ithonya layo ku-ichthyofauna yaleli chibi laqashelwa njengelibi, ngemva kwalokho i-reservoir yehliswa futhi i-pike yaqedwa lapho, kodwa lokhu akuzange kumise ukungena kwayo e-peninsula. Njengamanje, lezi zinhlanzi zihlala cishe kuwo wonke amadamu asemfuleni nangaphandle kwemifudlana; ngezikhathi ezithile nazo zitholakala emifuleni (isibonelo, i-Chernaya, i-Belbek, i-Biyuk-Karasu), lapho zinamathela khona emifudlaneni nasezindaweni ezijulile ezinomsinga obuthakathaka, futhi zivamile ku-SCC. I-Pike iphinde itholakale kwamanye amadamu angawodwa, lapho, ngokusobala, abadobi abangagunyaziwe bethulwa khona.
Imikhuba kanye nokuzala
Ama-Pike ngokuvamile athanda izindawo ezithule ezinezihlahlana ezingaphansi kwamanzi, lapho izingane zezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ziningi khona. I-pike enkulu igcina emifudlaneni ejulile, emigodini, eduze kwama-rifts, i-pike ephakathi nendawo encane - eduze nomkhawulo wezitshalo zasemanzini, ngaphansi kwama-snags namagatsha alenga emanzini. Izinhlanzi azenzi ukufuduka okukhulu.
Njengomthetho, izindawo zayo zokudla zitholakala eduze nezindawo zokuzala. I-Fry idla ama-zooplankton crustaceans ize ifinyelele ubude obuyi-12-15 mm, bese iqala ukudla okuthosiwe futhi, lapho ifinyelela ubude buka-5 cm, ishintshela ngokuphelele ekudleni izinhlanzi zezingane. Ama-pikes asebekhulile nawo adla ikakhulukazi izinhlanzi, ngaphezu kokudla izikelemu, oshobishobi, amaxoxo, izinyoni zamanzi ezincane namagundane. Njengomthetho, zonke izilwane zaleli chibi zitholakala ekudleni kwazo. Izici ezingavamile zendlela yokuphila ye-pike zibonakala kahle ngegama lesayensi lesiLatini, elisho ukuthi "impisi elambile" ekuhumusheni.
I-Pike iqala ukuzala eneminyaka engu-2-3 ubudala, ukuzala kwabo kusesekuseni kakhulu, kwenzeka ngokushesha ngemva kokuba iqhwa lincibilika emanzini angajulile, ezimweni zengxenye yaseYurophu yaseRussia - ngokuvamile ngoFebhuwari - March, kanye. Abantu abakhulu baqala ukuzala kuqala, bese kuba abantu abaphakathi nendawo, bese kuthi abancane, abazalela okokuqala, baqedele imidlalo yokukhwelana. Insikazi eyodwa iphelezelwa abesilisa abambalwa ukuze bazalele, amaqanda abekwe ezitshalweni ezisogwini. I-Caviar inkulu, 2,5-3 mm ububanzi, umbala ophuzi-amber. I-fecundity yezinhlanzi isukela ku-13,8 kuya kumaqanda ayizinkulungwane ezingama-384. Insikazi, engama-91 cm ubude nesisindo esingu-7,8 kg, yayinamaqanda ayizinkulungwane ezingu-2595.
Isiphetho: Ndawana thize ngaphansi kwamanzi, i-pike endala, ehlakaniphile futhi eqaphile, ibhukuda kancane ezindaweni zayo zokuzingela. Uma kunomdobi wezinhlanzi onenhlanhla okwazi ukwedlula lo mzingeli, futhi unamandla anele nokukhuthazela ukudonsa inhlanzi enkulu ogwini, khona-ke umhlaba uzokwazi ngerekhodi elilandelayo laseRussia ... Futhi uzoqonda ukuthi i-toothy yayibukelwa phansi kangakanani.