I-Gastroenterology iwuchwepheshe bezokwelapha obugxile ocwaningweni lomgudu wokugaya ukudla, iziyaluyalu zawo nokungajwayelekile, kanye nokwelashwa kwawo. Ngakho-ke isiyalo sinesithakazelo ezithweni ezahlukene (umminzo, ithumbu elincane, ikholoni, i-rectum, i-anus), kodwa futhi nezindlala zokugaya (isibindi, i-bile ducts, i-pancreas).

Kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-gastroenterology ihlanganisa izici ezimbili eziyinhloko (odokotela abathile abazenza ngokuqondile): i-hepatology (ethinta izifo zesibindi) kanye I-procology (ubani onentshisekelo kuma-pathologies we-anus ne-rectum).

I-gastroenterologist ivame ukuboniswa:

• we ubuhlungu besisu i-reflux ye-gastroesophageal;
• a ukuqunjelwa ;
• we ukuvuvukala ;
• we isifo sohudo ;
• noma ubuhlungu besisu. 

Ama-pathologies amaningi angabangela ukuphazamiseka kwesistimu yokugaya futhi adinga ukuvakashela ku-gastroenterologist. Lezi zihlanganisa:

• we inyongo ;
• a ukuvimbelwa kwamathumbu ;
• we hemorrhoids ;
• a i-cirrhosis ;
• la isifo Crohn (isifo samathumbu esivuthayo esingapheli);
• ukuvuvukala kwe-rectum (proctitis), i-pancreas (i-pancreatitis), i-appendicitis (i-appendicitis), isibindi (i-hepatitis), njll;
• isilonda esiswini noma i-duodenal;
• we polyps emathunjini ;
• isifo se-celiac;
• un engaphathekile wamathumbu syndrome ;
• noma izimila (eziyingozi noma ezimbi) zesisu, isibindi, umphimbo, ikholoni, njll.

Qaphela ukuthi uma izinhlungu zibuhlungu futhi ziphikelela, kunconywa kakhulu ukubonisana ngokushesha.

Izifo zesistimu yokugaya ukudla kungenzeka zithinte wonke umuntu, kepha kunezici ezithile ezibonwayo eziyingozi, kufaka phakathi:

• ukubhema, ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile;
• ubudala (kumdlavuza othile, njengalowo wamathumbu amancane);
• noma ukudla okunothe ngamafutha.

Ukubonisana nodokotela we-gastroenterologist akubandakanyi noma yiziphi izingozi ezithile zesiguli. Kunoma yikuphi indima kadokotela ukuchaza ngokucacile izindlela, ubunzima obungase bube khona noma ngisho nezingozi ezihlobene nezinqubo, ukuhlolwa kanye nokwelashwa okuzodingeka akwenze.

Qaphela ukuthi ezinye izivivinyo ezenziwa yi-gastroenterologist azikhululekile. Ngisho nangaphezulu uma kuziwa endaweni ye-anus. Kulesi simo, kubalulekile ukusungula inkhulumomphendvulwano yokuthembana phakathi kukadokotela nesiguli sakhe.

Ukuqeqeshwa njenge-gastroenterologist eFrance

Ukuze abe yi-gastroenterologist, umfundi kufanele athole idiploma yezifundo ezikhethekile (DES) ku-hepato-gastroenterology:

• kufanele aqale alandele iminyaka eyi-6 ku-faculty yezokwelapha, ngemuva kwe-baccalaureate yakhe;
• ekupheleni konyaka wesi-6, abafundi benza izivivinyo zokuhlukanisa zikazwelonke ukuze bangene esikoleni okuhlalwa kuso. Ngokuya ngezigaba zabo, bazokwazi ukukhetha okukhethekile kanye nendawo abasebenzela kuyo. I-internship ithatha iminyaka emi-4 futhi iphetha ngokuthola i-DES ku-hepato-gastroenterology.

Ekugcineni, ukuze akwazi ukuzijwayeza ukuphatha isihloko sobudokotela, umfundi kumele futhi avikele ithisisi yocwaningo.

Ukuqeqeshwa njenge-gastroenterologist eQuebec

Ngemuva kwezifundo zasekolishi, umfundi kumele:

• landela iziqu zobudokotela kwezokwelapha, ezihlala iminyaka eyi-1 noma eyi-4 (unyaka wokulungiselela noma ongenawo unyaka wezokwelapha wabafundi abavunyelwe ukuqeqeshwa ekolishi noma eyunivesithi okubhekwa njengokwanele kwisayensi eyisisekelo yezinto eziphilayo);
• bese uchwepheshe ngokulandela indawo yokuhlala ku-gastroenterology iminyaka engu-5.

Ngaphambi kokuya ku-aphoyintimenti nodokotela we-gastroenterologist, kubalulekile ukuletha imiyalelo yakamuva, kanye nanoma yiziphi izivivinyo ze-imaging noma ze-biology kakade ezenziwe.

Ukuze uthole i-gastroenterologist:

• eQuebec, ungabheka iwebhusayithi ye-Association des gastro-enterologues du Quebec (3);
• eFrance, ngewebhusayithi yoMkhandlu Kazwelonke We-Order of Physicians (4).

Lapho ukubonisana kunqunywa ngudokotela oya khona, kumbozwa yi-Health Insurance (France) noma iRégie de l'assurance maladie du Québec.