I-follicle stimulating hormone, noma i-FSH, iyi-hormone eyinhloko yokuzala kokubili amadoda nabesifazane. Yingakho ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kokuzala, izinga layo lihlolwa ngendlela ehlelekile.

Kwabesifazane

I-HSF yenzeka esigabeni sokuqala somjikelezo we-ovarian, owaziwa ngokuthi isigaba se-follicular. Phakathi nalesi sigaba, esiqala ngosuku lokuqala lokuya esikhathini futhi siphele ngesikhathi sokuvuthwa, i-hypothalamus ikhiqiza i-neurohormone, i-GnRH (i-gonadotropin ekhulula ihomoni). Ukusabela kwe-chain kuzolandela:

• I-GnRH ivuselela i-pituitary gland, okuthi ngokuphendula ikhiphe i-FSH;
• ngaphansi kwethonya le-FSH, cishe ama-ovarian follicles angamashumi amabili azoqala ukukhula;
• lezi zinhlayiya ezikhulayo zizophinde zikhiphe i-estrogen, enesibopho sokujiya kolwelwesi lwesibeletho ukuze kulungiselelwe isibeletho ukuthola iqanda elivundisiwe okungenzeka;
• ngaphakathi kweqembu, i-follicle eyodwa, ebizwa ngokuthi i-follicle evelele, ifinyelela i-ovulation. Ezinye zizoqedwa;
• lapho kukhethwa i-follicle ye-preovulatory evelele, ukukhiqizwa kwe-estrogen kukhula kakhulu. Lokhu kwanda kubangela ukukhuphuka kwe-LH (i-hormone ye-luteinizing) okuzobangela ukuvuthwa kweqanda: i-follicle ekhulile iyaphuka futhi ikhiphe i-oocyte.

Enkabeni yalokhu kusabela kweketango, i-FSH ngakho-ke iyihomoni eyinhloko yokuzala.

Kubantu

I-FSH ibandakanyeka ku-spermatogenesis kanye nokukhiqizwa kwe-testosterone. Ivuselela amaseli eSertoli akhiqiza isidoda kumasende.

Kwabesifazane, Umthamo we-FSH unganqunywa ezimweni ezahlukahlukene:

• uma kwenzeka i-amenorrhea eyinhloko kanye / noma ukuthomba sekwephuzile: isilinganiso esihlanganisiwe se-FSH ne-LH senziwa ukuze kuhlukaniswe phakathi kwesisekelo (imvelaphi ye-ovarian) noma yesibili (imvelaphi ephezulu: i-hypothalamus noma i-pituitary) i-hypogonadism;
• uma kwenzeka i-amenorrhea yesibili;
• uma kwenzeka kunenkinga yokuzala, ukuhlolwa kwe-hormonal kwenziwa ngomthamo wama-hormone ocansi ahlukene: i-follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), i-estradiol, i-luteinizing hormone (LH), i-antimulleric hormone (AMH) futhi kwezinye izimo i-prolactin, i-TSH (i-thyroid). , testosterone. Ukuhlola i-FSH kusiza ukuhlola indawo yokugcina amaqanda kanye nekhwalithi yokuphuma kwamaqanda. Ivumela ukwazi ukuthi i-ovulation disorder noma i-amenorrhea ibangelwa ukuguga kwe-ovarian noma ukubandakanyeka kwe-pituitary gland.
• ekunqamukeni kokuya esikhathini, ukuzimisela kwe-FSH akusanconywa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuqala kokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini kanye nokunqamuka kokuya esikhathini (HAS, 2005) (1).

Kubantu

Ukuhlolwa kwe-FSH kungenziwa njengengxenye yokuhlolwa kokuzala, lapho kubhekwana nokungajwayelekile kwesidoda (i-azoospermia noma i-oligospermia enzima), ukuze kutholwe i-hypogonadism.

Izilinganiso zamahomoni zithathwa ekuhlolweni kwegazi, hhayi esiswini esingenalutho.

• kwabesifazane, ukunqunywa kwe-FSH, LH ne-estradiol kwenziwa ngosuku lwesi-2, lwesi-3 noma lwesi-4 lomjikelezo elabhorethri yokubhekisela.
• kubantu, umthamo we-FSH ungenziwa noma nini.

Kwabesifazane:

• ukwanda okuphawulekayo kwe-FSH ne-LH kubonisa ukwehluleka okuyinhloko kwe-ovarian;
• ukwehla okuphawulekayo kwe-LH ne-FSH ngokuvamile kubonisa ukulimala kwe-pituitary gland, eyinhloko noma yesibili (i-tumor, i-pituitary necrosis, i-hypophysectomy, njll.);
• uma i-FSH iphezulu kanye / noma i-estradiol iphansi, kusolwa ukwehla kwe-ovarian reserve (“ukunqamuka kokuya esikhathini” kwangaphambi kwesikhathi).

Kubantu:

• izinga eliphezulu le-FSH libonisa ukulimala kwe-testicle noma i-seminiferous tubular;
• uma iphansi, ukubandakanyeka "okuphezulu" (hypathalamus, pituitary) kusolwa. I-MRI kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi okuhambisanayo kuzokwenziwa ukuze kubhekwe ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-pituitary.

Kwabesifazane:

• uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kwe-ovarian noma ukubandakanyeka kwe-pituitary gland, ukwelashwa kwe-ovarian stimulation kuzonikezwa. Inhloso yawo ukukhiqizwa kwe-oocyte eyodwa noma amabili avuthiwe. Kunemithethonqubo ehlukene, ngomzila womlomo noma ngemijovo;
• uma kwenzeka ukuyeka ukuya esikhathini ngaphambi kwesikhathi, umnikelo we-oocyte ungase unikezwe.

Kubantu:

• uma kwenzeka i-hypogonatotropic hypogonadism (ukuguqulwa kwe-hypotalamic-pituitary axis) ene-azoospermia enzima noma i-oligospermia, ukwelashwa kokubuyisela isidoda kuzobekwa. Izinhlobo ezimbili zama-molecule zingasetshenziswa: i-gonadotropin enomsebenzi we-FSH kanye nama-gonadotropin anomsebenzi we-LH. Imithethonqubo, ehluka ngokuya ngesiguli, ihlala izinyanga ezi-3 kuye kwezi-4, noma ngaphezulu ezimeni ezithile.
• uma kwenzeka kuba noshintsho olukhulu lwesidoda kanye ne-azoospermia ethile (okungenzeka ukuthi kukhishwe ngokuhlinzwa isidoda ku-epididymis noma kumasende), i-IVF ne-ICSI ingase inikezwe. Le nqubo ye-AMP iqukethe ukujova isidoda ngokuqondile ku-cytoplasm ye-oocyte evuthiwe;
• umnikelo wesidoda ungase unikezwe umbhangqwana uma i-spermatogenesis ingakwazi ukubuyiselwa.