1. Umncane kunabo bonke owake waba nomdlavuza webele wayeneminyaka emithathu kuphela ngesikhathi egula. wase-Ontario, eCanada, wenza i-mastectomy isiyonke ngo-2010.
2. E-US, umdlavuza webele uvame kakhulu phakathi kwabesifazane ngemva komdlavuza wesikhumba. Yimbangela yesibili yokufa kwabantu besifazane ngemuva komdlavuza wamaphaphu.
3. Ukuhlinzwa kokuqala kusetshenziswa izinzwa kwakuwukuhlinzwa komdlavuza webele.
4. Izehlakalo zomdlavuza webele ziphezulu kakhulu emazweni asethuthuke kakhulu futhi ziphansi kakhulu emazweni asathuthuka kancane.
5. Umdlavuza webele kuphela ovela kwabesifazane abanofuzo kuwo. Kodwa-ke, abesifazane abanokuguqulwa kofuzo basengozini yokuphila konke futhi banengozi eyengeziwe yokuba nomdlavuza wesibeletho.
6. Nsuku zonke e-US isilinganiso sabesifazane sibulawa umdlavuza webele. Lokhu kwenzeka kanye njalo ngemizuzu eyi-15.
7. Ibele lesokunxele lisengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza kunesokudla. Ososayensi abakwazi ukusho ngokuqondile ukuthi kungani.
8. Uma umdlavuza webele usakazeka ngaphandle kwebele, uthathwa ngokuthi “i-metastatic”. Ama-metastases asakazeka ikakhulukazi emathanjeni, esibindini nasemaphashini.
9. Abesifazane abamhlophe basengozini yokuba nomdlavuza webele kunabesifazane base-Afrika baseMelika. Nokho, laba bakamuva banamathuba amaningi okuthi babulawe umdlavuza webele kunangaphambili.
10. Njengamanje, cishe owesifazane oyedwa kwabayi-1 abakhulelwe noma abancelisayo uba nomdlavuza webele. Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi uma owesifazane etholakale enomdlavuza webele ngesikhathi ekhulelwe, amathuba akhe okusinda mancane kunawabesifazane abangazithwele.
11. Izici eziyingozi zomdlavuza webele emadodeni: iminyaka, ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA, i-Klinefelter syndrome, ukungasebenzi kahle kwamasende, umlando womndeni womdlavuza webele kwabesifazane, isifo esibi sesibindi, ukuchayeka emisebeni, ukwelashwa ngezidakamizwa ezihlobene ne-estrogen, nokukhuluphala.
12. Abaphawulekayo abaye batholakala benomdlavuza webele futhi abaye balulama kulesi sifo: uCynthia Nixon (oneminyaka engu-40), uSheryl Crow (oneminyaka engu-44), uKylie Minogue (oneminyaka engu-36), uJacqueline Smith (oneminyaka engu-56) ). Ezinye izibalo zomlando zihlanganisa uMary Washington (unina kaGeorge Washington), uMpress Theodora (umkaJustinian) no-Anne wase-Austria (unina kaLouis XIV).
13. Umdlavuza webele awuvamile, ubala cishe i-1% yenani eliphelele leziguli. Babalelwa ku-400 amadoda abulawa umdlavuza webele minyaka yonke. Abantu base-Afrika baseMelika banamathuba amaningi okuthi babulawe umdlavuza webele kunamadoda amhlophe.
14. Oyedwa kwabesifazane abangama-40 base-Ashkenazi (isiFulentshi, isiJalimane noma eMpumalanga Yurophu) bozalo lobuJuda banezakhi zofuzo ze-BRCA1 ne-BRCA2 (umdlavuza webele), eziphakeme kakhulu kunomphakathi jikelele, lapho owesifazane oyedwa kuphela kwabangama-500-800 onofuzo. .
15. Amathuba okuba nomdlavuza webele ayanda lapho owesifazane ethatha izinto zokuvimbela inzalo iminyaka engaphezu kwemihlanu. Ingozi enkulu ilapho kokubili i-estrogen ne-progesterone kuthathwa ndawonye. Abesifazane ababehlinzwe isisu futhi baphuza amaphilisi e-estrogen kuphela babesengozini encane.
16. Enye yezinganekwane ngomdlavuza webele ukuthi ingozi yomuntu iyanda kuphela uma kukhona abathintekile ngasohlangothini lukamama. Kodwa-ke, ulayini kababa ubaluleke kakhulu ekuhloleni ubungozi njengolayini kamama.
17. Amathumba maningi amathuba okuba abe yingozi uma eqinile futhi engahlelekile, kuyilapho izimila eziyingozi ziba yindilinga futhi zithambe. Nokho, kubalulekile ukuvakashela udokotela uma kukhona isigaxa ebeleni.
18. Ngo-1810, indodakazi kaJohn no-Abigail Adams u-Abigail “Nabbi” Adams Smith (1765-1813) kwatholakala ukuthi inomdlavuza wamabele. Wahlinzwa i-mastectomy eqeda amandla - ngaphandle kokubulala izinzwa. Ngeshwa, intombazane yabulawa ukugula ngemva kweminyaka emithathu.
19. I-mastectomy yebele yokuqala erekhodiwe yenziwa kuMbusi waseByzantium uTheodora.
20. Umdlavuza wamabele ngokuvamile ubizwa ngokuthi “isifo sezindela” ngenxa yokwanda kwezindela.
21. Nakuba kungafakazelwanga ngokugcwele, ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi i-pre-eclampsia (isimo esingaba khona kowesifazane phakathi nengxenye yesithathu yokukhulelwa) ihlotshaniswa nokuncipha kwengozi yomdlavuza webele enzalweni kamama.
22. Kunemibono eminingi eyiphutha mayelana nokuthi yini engabangela umdlavuza webele. Lokhu kufaka phakathi: ukusetshenziswa kweziqedaphunga nezinqanda ukujuluka, ukugqoka obhodisi abanezindwangu zangaphandle, ukuphuphuma kwesisu noma ukukhipha isisu, ukulimala kwebele kanye nemihuzuko.
23. phakathi kokufakelwa kwebele kanye nengozi eyengeziwe yomdlavuza webele ayikahlonzwa. Kodwa-ke, iFood and Drug Administration (FDA) imemezele ukuthi ukufakelwa kwebele kungase kuhlotshaniswe ne-anaplastic big cell lymphoma. Akuwona umdlavuza webele, kodwa ungase uvele ku-capsule yesibanda ezungeze ukufakelwa.
24. Omunye ubonise ukuthi ukuchayeka okwengeziwe ku-ethylene oxide (imfucuza esetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha) kuhlotshaniswa nengozi enkulu yomdlavuza webele phakathi kwabesifazane abasebenza ezindaweni zokuthengisa inzalo.
25. Ucwaningo lwe-JAMA lwabika ukuthi abesifazane abathatha phakathi kwemiyalelo yemithi elwa namagciwane eyodwa kanye nama-25 esikhathini esiphakathi kweminyaka eyi-17 babesengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza webele. Imiphumela ayisho ukuthi abesifazane kufanele bayeke ukuthatha ama-antibiotics, kodwa le mithi kufanele isetshenziswe ngokuhlakanipha.
26. Ukuncelisa ibele kuboniswe ukunciphisa ingozi yomdlavuza webele - uma ukuncelisa isikhathi eside, inzuzo enkulu.