Ukwakhiwa kwesitayela sokuziphatha kwabesifazane emantombazaneni asesikoleni esiphakeme njengenye yezindlela zokuvimbela ulaka

Njengamanje, kunezimo ezimbalwa ezingokwengqondo nezamasiko ezingafaneleka njengokuphambuka okungafuneki:

• okokuqala, wukudlondlobala kwamantombazane okusobala nokwandayo kanye nokwandiswa kwabafana;
• okwesibili, ukuvela kwenani elikhulayo lokuziphatha okudlulele, okungafuneki kwentsha yasesikoleni esiphakeme: ukukhathazeka akubangelwa nje kuphela ukuhlukaniswa okuqhubekayo, ukukhathazeka okukhulayo, ukungabi nalutho okungokomoya, kodwa futhi ngonya nolaka;
• okwesithathu, ukubhebhetheka kwenkinga yesizungu esemncane kanye nokungazinzi kobudlelwane bomshado emindenini emincane.

Konke lokhu kuzibonakalisa kakhulu ezingeni lokushintsha komntwana kusukela ebuntwaneni kuya ekubeni umuntu omdala—ebusheni. I-microenvironment lapho osemusha wesimanje ezungeza khona ayilungile neze. Uhlangana ngezinga elithile ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuziphatha okuphambene endleleni eya esikoleni, nasegcekeni, nasezindaweni zomphakathi, ngisho nasekhaya (emkhayeni), nasesikoleni. Indawo engathandeki ikakhulukazi eholela ekuveleni kokuphambuka emkhakheni wokuziphatha nokuziphatha ukukhululeka ezinkambisweni zendabuko, izindinganiso, ukungabikho kwamaphethini aqinile okuziphatha kanye nemingcele yokuziphatha, ukuwohloka kokulawulwa komphakathi, okunomthelela ekukhuleni kokuphambuka. kanye nokuziphatha okuzilimazayo phakathi kwentsha.

Imibono engaqondakali ebekwe yizinkolelo zesimanje "zokusinda" eziphoqelelwe, isibonelo, owesifazane ukuba azivikele futhi azuze izindinganiso zamadoda kuphela, ngaleyo ndlela abangele ukuphambuka ekuthuthukiseni ubulili obungokwengqondo, ukwakheka kobunikazi bobulili. Ngokomlando, abesifazane baseRussia, ngezinga elikhulu kunabesifazane baseNtshonalanga, babengagcini nje ngokufuna ukuhlangana namadoda ngokwemibandela yesimo somzimba (isikhangiso esake saduma kumabonakude, lapho izalukazi ezigqoke amavesti awolintshi ezisebenzi zikaloliwe zilala khona, akekho ngaphandle abezinye izizwe, akuzange kubonakale kushaqisa ngaleso sikhathi), kodwa futhi ukuthatha uhlobo lokuziphatha wesilisa, ukuqonda isimo sengqondo sobudoda emhlabeni. Ezingxoxweni zomuntu siqu, amantombazane anamuhla esikoleni esiphakeme abiza izici ezinjalo ezifiselekayo kwabesifazane njengobudoda, ukuzimisela, amandla omzimba, ukuzimela, ukuzethemba, umsebenzi, kanye nekhono "lokulwa." Lezi zici (ngokwesiko zowesilisa), nakuba zizifanele kakhulu ngokwazo, ngokusobala zibusa ngokwesiko abesifazane.

Inqubo yokwenziwa kwabesifazane kwabesilisa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwabesilisa kwabesifazane iye yathinta kakhulu zonke izici zokuphila kwethu, kodwa ibonakala ikakhulukazi emndenini wanamuhla, lapho izingane zibamba iqhaza elikhulu emisebenzini yazo. Baphinde bathole ulwazi lwabo lokuqala mayelana nezibonelo zokuziphatha okunolaka emndenini. Njengoba kuphawulwe u-R. Baron no-D. Richardson, umkhaya ungabonisa ngesikhathi esisodwa izibonelo zokuziphatha okunolaka futhi unikeze ukuqiniswa kwakho. Esikoleni, le nqubo ibhebhetheka kuphela:

• amantombazane asemabangeni aphansi angaphambi kwabafana ekukhuleni kwawo ngokwesilinganiso seminyaka engu-2,5 futhi awakwazi ukubona abavikeli bawo ekugcineni, ngakho-ke, abonisa isimo sokucwasa sobudlelwane kubo. Okubhekwe eminyakeni yamuva kwenza kube nokwenzeka ukuqaphela ukuthi kaningi amantombazane akhuluma ngontanga yawo ngamagama anjengokuthi «ama-moons» noma «ama-suckers», futhi enze ukuhlasela okunonya kwafunda nabo ekilasini. Abazali babafana bakhala ngokuthi izingane zabo ziyaxhashazwa futhi zishaywa amantombazane esikoleni, okubuye kubangele uhlobo lokuzivikela kubafana, okuholela ekujuleni kwezingxabano phakathi kwabantu, okwenza kube nokwenzeka ukubonisana ngamazwi noma ngokomzimba;
• umthwalo wemfundo oyinhloko emndenini esikhathini sethu uvame ukuthwalwa owesifazane, kuyilapho esebenzisa izindlela ezinamandla zethonya lemfundo ezinganeni (okuphawulwe lapho ukuya emihlanganweni yabazali nothisha esikoleni kwabonisa ukuthi ukuba khona kobaba kuyivelakancane kakhulu. isenzakalo);
• amaqembu okufundisa ezikole zethu ahlanganisa ikakhulukazi abesifazane, abavame ukuphoqwa, ngaphandle kokufuna, ukuba ngothisha abaphumelelayo, babambe iqhaza lowesilisa (isandla esiqinile).

Ngakho, amantombazane athatha indlela yabesilisa “enamandla” yokuxazulula izingxabano, kamuva edala indawo evundile yokuziphatha okuphambukayo. Ebusheni, ukuphambuka komphakathi kokuma okunolaka kuyaqhubeka nokukhula futhi kubonakale ezenzweni eziqondiswe kumuntu ngamunye (ukuhlambalaza, ubuxhwanguxhwangu, ukushaya), futhi umkhakha wokungenelela okunamandla kwamantombazane asakhula udlulela ngalé kwekilasi lesikole, ngenxa yezimpawu zeminyaka yobudala. Kanye nenqubo yokuthola izindima ezintsha zezenhlalo, amantombazane esikole samabanga aphezulu abuye abe nezindlela ezintsha zokucacisa ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu. Ezibalweni zokulwa kwentsha, amantombazane aya ngokuya ehileleka, futhi isisusa sokulwa okunjalo, ngokusho kwabahlanganyeli ngokwabo, siwukuvikela isithunzi nesithunzi sawo ekunyundelweni nasekunyundeleni kwabangane bawo abaseduze.

Sibhekene nezindima zobulili ezingaqondakali. Kukhona into efana neqhaza lobulili emphakathini, okungukuthi, indima edlalwa abantu nsuku zonke njengamadoda nabesifazane. Le ndima inquma ukumelwa komphakathi okuhlotshaniswa nezici zokuziphatha zamasiko omphakathi. Ukuzethemba ekukhulumisaneni nabo kanye nabobulili obuhlukile, ukuzethemba kwabesifazane kuncike ekutheni amantombazane asakhula afunda kanjani ngendlela efanele amaphethini okuziphatha okuyisici sobulili besifazane: ukuguquguquka, ukubekezela, ukuhlakanipha, ukuqapha, ubuqili nobumnene. Kuya ngokuthi ubuhlobo buyoba mnandi kangakanani emndenini wakhe wesikhathi esizayo, ukuthi ingane yakhe izoba nempilo kangakanani, ngoba umqondo wobudoda-ubufazi ungaba umlawuli wokuziphatha kokuziphatha kwakhe.

Ngokungangabazeki, umsebenzi wokwakhiwa kwesitayela sokuziphatha kwabesifazane phakathi kwabafundi basesikoleni esiphakeme ubaluleke kakhulu esikoleni nasemphakathini wonkana, njengoba kusiza "umuntu okhulayo" athole "mina" wakhe weqiniso, azivumelanise nokuphila. , abone umuzwa wakhe wokuvuthwa futhi athole indawo yakhe ohlelweni lokusebenzelana kwabantu.

Uhlu lwezincwadi

1. Bozhovich LI Izinkinga zokwakheka kobuntu. Okuthandwayo. ingqondo. isebenza. - M.: I-Moscow Psychological and Social Institute; Voronezh: NPO "MODEK", 2001.
2. Buyanov MI Ingane evela emndenini ongasebenzi kahle. Amanothi kadokotela wengqondo yengane. - M.: Ezemfundo, 1988.
3. Baron R., Richardson D. Aggression. — ESt. Petersburg, ngo-1999.
4. Volkov BS Psychology osemusha. — 3rd ed., ilungisiwe. Futhi okwengeziwe. - M .: Pedagogical Society of Russia, 2001.
5. Garbuzov VI Practical psychotherapy, noma Indlela yokubuyisela ukuzethemba, isithunzi sangempela nempilo enganeni nentsha. - St. Petersburg: North - West, 1994.
6. U-Olifirenko L.Ya., Chepurnykh EE, Shulga TI , Bykov AV, Amasu amasha emsebenzini wochwepheshe ezikhungweni zenhlalo nezengqondo. - M.: Isevisi ye-Polygraph, 2001.
7. I-Smirnova EO Inkinga yokuxhumana phakathi kwengane nomuntu omdala emisebenzini ka-LS Vygotsky no-MI Lisina // Imibuzo yengqondo, 1996. No. 6.
8. UShulga TI Sebenza nomndeni ongasebenzi kahle. - M.: Bustard, 2007.

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