Okuqukethwe
I-Salaka, i-herring yaseBaltic iyinhlanzi, i-subspecies ye-Atlantic herring evela emndenini wegama elifanayo. Ngokubukeka - ummeleli ojwayelekile we-herring. Inhlanzi inomzimba omise okweziphonso kanye nekhanda elikhulu elinamehlo amakhulu. Umlomo uphakathi, kukhona amazinyo amancane abukhali ku-vomer. Olwandle, i-herring yakha imihlambi yendawo, engase yehluke ngendawo yokuhlala kanye nesikhathi sokuzala. Izinhlanzi ezihlala ngasogwini lwaseJalimane noma eSweden zithe ukukhudlwana futhi zingafinyelela ubukhulu obungamasentimitha angama-35, kodwa lezi ziyizinhlobo ezikhula ngokushesha zezinhlanzi ezifanayo. Eduze nogu olusenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-Baltic Baltic herring incane futhi ayivamile ukudlula u-14-16 cm ubude. I-Baltic herring iyinhlanzi yasolwandle, kodwa ibekezelela kalula amanzi akhishwe usawoti kanye nama-brackish ase-Baltic bays. I-Herring labantu baziwa emachibini anamanzi ahlanzekile eSweden. Ukufuduka nokuphila kwezinhlanzi kuncike ngokuqondile embusweni wamazinga okushisa olwandle. I-Salaka inhlanzi ehlala emanzini ukudla kwayo okuyinhloko kuyizilwane ezingenamgogodla ezihlala engxenyeni engenhla naphakathi yamanzi. Izinhlanzi zinamathela ezindaweni ezivulekile olwandle, kodwa entwasahlobo zifika ogwini zifuna ukudla, kodwa lapho amanzi asogwini efudumele ngokweqile, ziya ezindaweni ezijulile futhi zingahlala phakathi kwezingqimba zamanzi. Esikhathini sasekwindla-ebusika, izinhlanzi zifuduka kude nogu futhi zinamathele ezingqimbeni ezingezansi zamanzi. Lapho ifuna i-zooplankton, i-Baltic herring iqhudelana nama-sprats nezinye izinhlobo ezincane, kodwa abantu abakhulu bangashintshela ekudleni i-stickleback kanye nentsha yezinye izinhlobo zezilwane. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-herring ngokwayo iwukudla okuvamile kwezinhlobo ezinkulu, njenge-salmon yaseBaltic, i-cod, nezinye.
Izindlela zokudoba
Ukudoba ezimbonini kwenziwa ngegiya elinetha. Kodwa ukudoba ama-amateur herring nakho kuthandwa kakhulu futhi kungenziwa kokubili ogwini nasezikebheni. Izindlela eziyinhloko zokudoba ziyi-multi-hook tackle njengokuthi "umashiqela" njalonjalo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abadobi abanolwazi bayeluleka ukusebenzisa amaqhinga amhlophe noma aphuzi.
Ukubamba inhlanzi ngezinduku ezinde
Iningi lamagama ama-multi-hook rigs angaba namagama ahlukene, njenge-"cascade", "herringbone" njalonjalo, kodwa empeleni, afanayo futhi angaphindana ngokuphelele. Umehluko omkhulu ungavela kuphela endabeni yokudoba ogwini noma ezikebheni, ikakhulukazi lapho kukhona izinhlobo ezahlukene zezinduku noma ukungabikho kwazo. I-Baltic herring ivame ukubanjwa ogwini, ngakho-ke kulula kakhulu ukudoba ngezinduku ezinde "nge-rig egijima". Ngokuvamile, ama-rigs amaningi afana, ngakho-ke izincomo ezijwayelekile zokudoba nge-multi-hook gear zifanelekile. Ukudoba "umashiqela", naphezu kwegama, okusobala ukuthi livela eRussia, kusakazeke kakhulu futhi kusetshenziswa abadobi emhlabeni wonke. Kukhona umehluko omncane wesifunda, kodwa isimiso sokudoba siyefana yonke indawo. Futhi, kufanelekile ukuqaphela ukuthi umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwama-rigs kunalokho uhlobene nobukhulu benyamazane. Ekuqaleni, ukusetshenziswa kwanoma yiziphi izinduku akuzange kunikezwe. Inani elithile lentambo lilinyazwa ku-reel yokuma okungahleliwe, kuye ngokujula kokudoba, kungaba amamitha angamakhulu amaningana. I-sinker enesisindo esifanele esingafika ku-400 g ilungiswa ekugcineni, ngezinye izikhathi nge-loop ngezansi ukuze kuvikeleke i-leash eyengeziwe. Ama-leashes agxiliwe entanjeni, ngokuvamile, ngenani lezicucu ezingaba ngu-10-15. Ama-leashes angenziwa ngezinto zokwakha, kuye ngokuthi kuhloswe ukubamba. Kungaba i-monofilament noma impahla yokuhola yensimbi noma ucingo. Kufanele kucaciswe ukuthi izinhlanzi zasolwandle “azinasici” ebukhulu bemishini, ngakho-ke ungasebenzisa ama-monofilaments aqinile (0.5-0.6 mm). Mayelana nezingxenye zensimbi zemishini, ikakhulukazi izingwegwe, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kufanele zimbozwe nge-anti-corrosion coating, ngoba amanzi olwandle agqwala izinsimbi ngokushesha okukhulu. Enguqulweni "yakudala", "umashiqela" uhlome izinti, ezinezimpaphe ezinemibala enamathiselwe, izintambo zoboya noma izingcezu zezinto zokwenziwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-spinners amancane, ubuhlalu obumisiwe ngaphezu kwalokho, ubuhlalu, njll. asetshenziselwa ukudoba. Ezinguqulweni zanamuhla, lapho uxhuma izingxenye zemishini, ama-swivel ahlukahlukene, izindandatho, nokunye kuyasetshenziswa. Lokhu kwandisa ukuguquguquka kwe-tackle, kodwa kungalimaza ukuqina kwayo. Kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa izinto ezinokwethenjelwa, ezibizayo. Emikhumbini eyisipesheli yokudoba “kumashiqela”, kungase kuhlinzekwe amathuluzi akhethekile angaphakathi ebhodini emishini yokudoba. Lokhu kuyasiza kakhulu lapho udoba ekujuleni okukhulu. Uma ukudoba kwenzeka eqhweni noma esikebheni, emigqeni emincane, khona-ke ama-reels ajwayelekile anele, angasebenza njengezinduku ezimfushane. Uma usebenzisa ama-onboard rods anezindandatho zokukhipha amanzi noma izinti zokuphotha zasolwandle ezimfushane, kuphakama inkinga evamile kuwo wonke ama-hook amaningi anokunyakaziswa kwerigi lapho udlala inhlanzi. Lapho ubamba izinhlanzi ezincane, lokhu kuphazamiseka kuxazululwa ngokusebenzisa izinduku 6-7 m ubude, futhi lapho ubamba izinhlanzi ezinkulu, ngokunciphisa inani lezintambo "zokusebenza". Kunoma yikuphi, lapho ulungiselela i-tackle yokudoba, i-leitmotif eyinhloko kufanele ibe lula futhi ibe lula ngesikhathi sokudoba. Umgomo wokudoba ulula kakhulu, ngemva kokwehlisa i-sinker endaweni eqondile ukuze ifinyelele ekujuleni okunqunywe kusengaphambili, i-angler yenza ama-twitches of tackle, ngokomgomo wokukhanya okuqondile. Endabeni yokulunywa okusebenzayo, lokhu, ngezinye izikhathi, akudingekile. "Ukuhlaliswa" kwezinhlanzi ezingwegweni kungenzeka lapho wehlisa izinto zokusebenza noma ekujikeni komkhumbi.
Izindawo zokudoba kanye nezindawo zokuhlala
Indawo eyinhloko ye-herring, njengoba ibonakala egameni lesibili, i-Baltic Sea. Uma kucatshangelwa iqiniso lokuthi i-Baltic, ngokuvamile, iwumthombo wamanzi ongajulile futhi anosawoti omncane, abantu abaningi bama-herring bahlala ezindaweni ezingajulile ezikhishwe usawoti ezifana neFinnish, Curonian, Kaliningrad nezinye. Ebusika, izinhlanzi zinamathela ezingxenyeni ezijulile zedamu futhi zihambela kude nogu. Izinhlanzi zihola indlela yokuphila ye-pelargic, zifudukela ezindaweni ezisogwini lolwandle ziyofuna ukudla nokuzalanisa.
Ukuzalela
Kunezinhlanga ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-herring, ezihluka ngesikhathi sokuzala: ekwindla nasentwasahlobo. Izinhlanzi zivuthwa ngokobulili lapho zineminyaka engu-2-4 ubudala. I-herring yasentwasahlobo izala endaweni esogwini ekujuleni kuka-5-7 m. Isikhathi sokuqhakaza nguMeyi-Juni. Ekwindla, kuvela ngo-August-September, kwenzeka ekujuleni okukhulu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi umjaho wasekwindla mncane kakhulu.