I-Exobasidium lingonberry (Exobasidium vaccinii) isithombe nencazelo

I-Cowberry Exobasidium (Exobasidium vaccinii)

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I-Exobasidium lingonberry (i-Exobasidium vaccinii) itholakala kaningi cishe kuwo wonke amahlathi e-taiga kuze kufike emngceleni osenyakatho wehlathi e-Arctic. Ekuqaleni noma maphakathi nehlobo, amaqabunga, futhi ngezinye izikhathi iziqu ezincane zama-lingonberry, zikhubazekile: izindawo ezithintekile zamaqabunga ziyakhula, ingaphezulu lendawo engxenyeni engenhla yamaqabunga iba yi-concave futhi ibe bomvu ngombala. Ngaphansi kwamaqabunga, izindawo ezithintekile ziyi-convex, ezimhlophe qhwa. Indawo ekhubazekile iba mkhulu (izikhathi ezi-3-10 uma iqhathaniswa namaqabunga avamile). Ngezinye izikhathi iziqu zikhubazekile: ziyajiya, ziyagoba futhi zibe mhlophe. Ngezikhathi ezithile, izimbali nazo ziyathinteka. Ngaphansi kwe-microscope, kulula ukusungula izinguquko ezinkulu ekwakhekeni kwezicubu zeqabunga. Amaseli makhulu ngokuphawulekayo kunosayizi abavamile (hypertrophy), makhulu kunokuvamile. I-Chlorophyll ayikho emangqamuzaneni ezindawo ezithintekile, kodwa i-pigment ebomvu, i-anthocyanin, ivela kuncindi yeseli. Inikeza amaqabunga athintekile umbala obomvu.

I-hyphae ye-fungus ibonakala phakathi kwamaseli we-lingonberry, kukhona amaningi awo eduze nendawo engezansi yeqabunga. I-hyphae ewugqinsi ikhula phakathi kwamaseli e-epidermal; phezu kwabo, ngaphansi kwe-cuticle, i-basidia encane ikhula. I-cuticle idabukile, ichithwe izicucu, futhi ku-basidium ngayinye evuthiwe kwakhiwa ama-basidiospores amise okwe-spindle angama-2-6. Kubo, kuvela i-coat emhlophe ethambile, efana nesithwathwa, ebonakala ngaphansi kweqabunga elithintekile. I-Basidiospores, ewela ethonsini lamanzi, ngokushesha iba ngamaseli angama-3-5. Kusuka emaphethelweni womabili, izinhlamvu zikhula eduze kwe-hypha encane, kusukela ekugcineni lapho i-conidia encane ifakwe khona. Bangakwazi-ke ukwakha ama-blastospores. Uma kungenjalo, lawo ma-basidiospores aqhuma awela emaqabunga ama-lingonberry amancane. I-hyphae ephakama ngesikhathi sokuhluma ingena nge-stomata yamaqabunga ingene esitshalweni, futhi i-mycelium yakheka lapho. Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-4-5, amabala aphuzi avela emaqabunga, futhi ngemva kwelinye isonto, isifo se-lingonberry sinesithombe esijwayelekile. I-Basidium iyakhiwa, izinhlamvu ezintsha zikhishwa.

Umjikelezo wokuthuthuka ogcwele we-Exobasidium lingonberry (Exobasidium vaccinii) udinga isikhathi esingaphansi kwamasonto amabili. I-Exobasidium lingonberry (i-Exobasidium vaccinii) iyinto kanye nembangela yengxabano ezizukulwaneni eziningi zama-mycologists. Abanye ososayensi babona isikhunta se-exobasidial njengeqembu lakudala, eliqinisekisa i-hymenomycetes yemvelaphi ye-hymenomycetes evela ku-fungus ye-parasitic; ngakho-ke, lezi sikhunta zimelelwa ezinhlelweni zazo ngokulandelana okuzimele ngaphambi kwawo wonke amanye ama-hymenomycetes. Abanye, njengombhali wale migqa, babheka isikhunta se-exobasidial njengeqembu elikhethekile lesikhunta, njengegatsha elihlangothini lokuthuthukiswa kwe-saprotrophic primitive hymenomycetes.

Incazelo:

Umzimba othela izithelo we-Exobasidium lingonberry (Exobasidium vaccinii) awukho. Okokuqala, ezinsukwini ezingu-5-7 ngemva kokutheleleka, amabala ansundu aphuzi avela phezulu kwamaqabunga, aphenduka abomvu ngemva kwesonto. Indawo ithatha ingxenye yeqabunga noma cishe lonke iqabunga, ukusuka phezulu icindezelwe iqabunga elikhubazekile ngokujula kuka-0,2-0,3 cm nosayizi we-0,5-0,8 cm, okubomvu okubomvu ( i-anthocyanin). Phansi kweqabunga kukhona iqhubu elijiyile, ukukhula okufana ne-tumor 0,4-0,5 cm ngosayizi, nendawo engalingani kanye nengubo emhlophe (basidiospores).

I-Pulp:

Ukufana:

Nezinye izinhlobo ezikhethekile ze-Exobasidium: kuma-blueberries (i-Exobasidium myrtilli), ama-cranberries, ama-bearberries namanye ama-heather.

Ukuhlola: