Ukunciphisa umbungu, kuyini?

Izinkinga zokukhulelwa okuphindwe kathathu futhi ikakhulukazi okuphindwe kane noma ngaphezulu zivamile, kokubili komama nengane esanda kuzalwa. Uhlangothi lwezokwelapha akulona lodwa olukhathazayo. Ukukhulelwa kaningi futhi kudala iziyaluyalu emndenini, okungalungiselelwanga ngokwengqondo, ngokwenhlalo noma ngokwezimali, ukwamukela izingane ezintathu, ezine noma… eziyisithupha ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukuze unqobe lobu bunzima, kunesixazululo, ukunciphisa i-embryonic. Le nqubo yezokwelapha ihlose ukuvumela kuphela inani eliphezulu lezingane ezimbili ukuba zikhule esibelethweni ngokuqeda imibungu eyeqile.

Ukuncishiswa kombungu: ubani othintekayo?

Ukwakhiwa kwemishanguzo yegciwane lengculaza sekuholele ekwenyukeni kwesibalo sokukhulelwa kwezingane eziningi. Kodwa ukulindela izingane ezintathu noma ezine ngesikhathi esisodwa akuyona ingozi kumama nasezinsaneni. Ukwehliswa kwe-embryonic kunganikezwa kubazali.

Awukho umthetho okwamanje olawula ukuncishiswa kombungu. Izizathu zakhona zihlukile kulezo zokunqanyulwa kokukhulelwa “okujwayelekile” ngokuzithandela, kodwa kwenzeka phakathi nemikhawulo yesikhathi esifanayo naleyo egunyazwe umthetho wokukhipha isisu. Ngakho, ayidingi inqubo ethile. Kodwa-ke, njengangaphambi kwanoma yisiphi isenzo sezokwelapha, umbhangqwana uthola ulwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nendlela futhi unenkathi yokuzindla ngaphambi kokunikeza imvume yabo ebhaliwe. THEukwehliswa ngokuvamile kunikezwa kubazali, kodwa futhi ngezinye izikhathi kuyacelwa ngabashadikazi asebevele bengabazali abazizwa bengakulungele, isibonelo, ukuthatha ukukhulelwa kathathu. Kodwa-ke, akubona bonke abakhulelwe abaningi (> 3) abancishisiwe ngenxa yokuthi inani elithile labazali (cishe 50%) likhetha ukukuyeka ukuthi kuthuthuke ngokuzenzakalelayo.

Ukukhulelwa okuthintekayo ukuncishiswa kombungu

Ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinzima zezempilo kumama, ukukhulelwa kwamawele akuthinteki ngokunciphisa i-embryonic. Lesi senzo sezokwelapha sinikezwa ikakhulukazi lapho ukukhulelwa kunemibungu engaphezu kwemithathu. Ngaphezu kwezinkinga zomama ezivame kakhulu kulokhu kukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ingozi yokuba ngaphambi kwesikhathi kakhulu okuyinto ehamba phambili esinqumweni. Kubantu abakhulelwe kathathu, le nkinga ayicaci kakhulu ngoba ukuthuthuka kwemithi yokubeletha kuye kwathuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo ukubikezela okubalulekile kwezingane ezintathu ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Kulokhu, izimpikiswano eziningi zomndeni nezengqondo nezenhlalo ezinquma inkomba yesenzo.

Ukuncishiswa kombungu, ukuthinta okungandile

Ukuncishiswa kombungu kuyinkambiso yezokwelapha ehlala ingavamile eFrance futhi okuyinto iyaqhubeka nokuncipha iminyaka eyishumi, ngenxa yezinyathelo ezithathwe izikhungo ezenza inzala ngosizo lwezokwelapha (PMA). Inani lemibungu edluliswa ngemva kokuvundiswa kwe-in vitro manje selibili, okunciphisa ukwenzeka kokukhulelwa okuningi okungaphezu kokuthathu. Ngokufanayo, ngemva kokuvuselela i-ovulation, ukuhlolwa kwe-hormonal kanye ne-ultrasounds eyenziwa njalo kuvimbela ukubonakala kwenani eliningi lama-follicle. Ngeshwa, ngezikhathi ezithile, imvelo ithatha izintambo, futhi imibungu emithathu noma emine iyakhula, okubeka abazali kanye nethimba lokubelethisa ngaphambi kwesinqumo esinzima.

Ukunciphisa umbungu ekusebenzeni

Iyiphi inqubo esiyisebenzisayo?

Isimo sengqondo esivame kakhulu esokunciphisa inani lemibungu ibe mibili. Kuye ngeminyaka yokukhulelwa, kwenziwa izindlela ezimbili, njalo eqondiswa i-ultrasound. Okuvame kakhulu ukudlula umzila wesisu sikamama (okufana ncamashi nangesikhathi se-amniocentesis) cishe amasonto ayi-11 e-amenorrhea (AS). Inaliti yethulwa ethangeni le-embryo eyodwa (noma ngaphezulu) bese imikhiqizo ijovwa kuqala ukuze umbungu ulale, bese kumisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.. Qiniseka ukuthi imibungu ayinabuhlungu, njengoba inhliziyo iyeka ukushaya ngemizuzwana. Imibungu ayikhethwa ngokungahleliwe kodwa ngemibandela ehlukene. Okuyivelakancane, njengokuba khona kokonakala noma ukusolwa kwe-chromosomal anomaly, kuvumela ukukhetha kokuqala. Udokotela ube esebheka ngokucophelela inani lama-placenta namaphakethe amanzi. Ekugcineni, “ukhetha” imibungu ngokuvumelana nokufinyeleleka kwayo kanye nesimo sayo maqondana nomlomo wesibeletho. Indlela yesibili, engasetshenzisiwe kancane, idlula umzila we-transvaginal futhi yenzeka cishe amasonto angu-8.

Ukuncishiswa kombungu: ukuthi ukusebenza kusebenza kanjani

Akukho ukulaliswa esibhedlela isikhathi eside, njengoba ukunciphisa kwenzeka esibhedlela sosuku. Awudingi ukuzila ukudla ngoba awudingi i-anesthesia. Qiniseka ukuthi inaliti esetshenzisiwe inhle kakhulu futhi uzozwa ukulunywa okuncane kakhulu, okungajabulisi ukwedlula okomiyane. Inqubo yangempela ihlale yandulelwa i-ultrasound ejulile evumela indawo yemibungu. Ubude besikhathi besenzo buyahlukahluka. Kuncike ezimweni zobuchwepheshe (inombolo, indawo yemibungu, njll.), esigulini (i-morphology, imizwa, njll.) kanye nolwazi lomqhubi. Ukuze ugweme ukutheleleka, ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic kubalulekile. Isibeletho, ngakolunye uhlangothi, sibekwe ukuphumula ngama-antispasmodics. Uma isenzo sesiqediwe, isiguli sihlala sigadiwe ihora ngaphambi kokuba sikwazi ukubuyela ekhaya. Ngemva kwamahora angamashumi amabili nane, kwenziwa i-ultrasound yokulandelela ukuze kuhlolwe ubungqabavu bamawele agciniwe kanye nokungabikho komsebenzi wenhliziyo emibungu encishisiwe.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi ezihlobene nokunciphisa umbungu?

Inkinga eyinhloko yokunciphisa umbungu ukuphuphuma kwesisu okuzenzakalelayo (cishe ama-4% ezimo ngendlela esetshenziswa kakhulu). Ngokuvamile, kwenzeka ngemva kokutheleleka ku-placenta (chorioamnionitis) esikhathini esithile ngemva kokuthinta. Ngenhlanhla iningi lomama abakhulelwe, ukukhulelwa kuqhubeka ngendlela evamile. Nokho, izibalo zibonisa lokho ukukhulelwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kukhulu kunokukhulelwa okungayedwana noma okungamawele, yingakho omama bedinga ukuphumula okwengeziwe futhi bayamiswa phakathi nokukhulelwa.