Ukungenelela okungenziwa ngesisekelo sokugula, i-cardioversion kagesi isiza ukubuyisela ukushaya kwenhliziyo evamile kubantu abahlukunyezwa yi-arrhythmias ethile. Senza kanjani lesi senzo futhi iyini imikhawulo yaso?

I-Electrical cardioversion (CVE) iyindlela yokwelapha elula ebuyisela isigqi senhliziyo esivamile kubantu abanesigqi esingavamile (arrhythmia) esiqhubekayo naphezu kokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa okufanelekile. Kubizwa nangokuthi ukusetshenziswa kwe-"current ngqo" noma "DC current" ye-cardioversion kagesi. I-cardioversion kagesi ifana ne-defibrillation, kodwa isebenzisa ugesi omncane.

Emergency

I-electrical cardioversion iyisimo esiphuthumayo esisindisa impilo ngokuphelele ukuze kuqedwe ukuqina kwe-ventricular okungasekelwe noma i-tachycardia ye-ventricular ebangela ukuboshwa kwenhliziyo. Ukusinda kanye nemiphumela yokuboshwa okunjalo kwenhliziyo kuncike ekutheni i-cardioversion yenziwa ngokushesha kangakanani. Ezindaweni zomphakathi, ezibhedlela, nasezikhungweni eziphuthumayo (izicishamlilo, izinsizakalo zama-ambulensi, njll.), ama-semi-automatic defibrillator (DSA) akwenza kube nokwenzeka ukunciphisa ukubambezeleka.

Ngaphandle kwesimo esiphuthumayo

Kube sekuwumbuzo wokwelapha isimo esibucayi ukuze siqedwe. Isinqumo sokufinyelela ukushaqeka kukagesi sifika kuwo wonke umuntu.

Iningi lama-cardioversions kagesi ahloselwe abantu abanobuhlungu:

• I-fibrillation ye-atrial eqhubekayo. I-Atrial fibrillation ayisongeli impilo yesiguli, kodwa ingaphazamisa ukusebenza kahle kokumpompa kwenhliziyo futhi ibangele ukushaya okungajwayelekile noma okusheshayo;
• Ukuphazamiseka kwesigqi emakamelweni aphezulu (atria) enhliziyo. 

I-cardioversion kagesi yenziwa endaweni yesibhedlela. Lena inqubo ehlelwe kusengaphambili. Ukwelashwa kwenziwa ngesisekelo sokulaliswa esibhedlela futhi umuntu kufanele azilile futhi angavunyelwe ukushayela ngemuva kokuhlolwa.

Nazi izinyathelo:

• Umhlengikazi uzobeka iziqephu ezinkulu ezimbalwa ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-electrode ezimbanjeni zesiguli noma esisodwa esifubeni nesinye emhlane. Ama-electrode azoxhunywa kudivayisi ye-cardioversion (defibrillator) esebenzisa izintambo. I-defibrillator izorekhoda ukushaya kwenhliziyo kuyo yonke inqubo;
• Inani elinqunyelwe kusengaphambili lamandla noma umfutho kagesi uthwalwa ama-electrode emzimbeni, ukuya enhliziyweni;
• Ngaphambi kokuba kuhanjiswe ukushaqeka, i-anesthesia ejwayelekile emfushane yenziwa ukuze ungezwa ubuhlungu obubangelwa ukushaywa esikhumbeni sesifuba;
• Lokhu kuphuma kwamandla kwenza inhliziyo igxume, iphazamise ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwe-atrial, futhi ibuyisele isigqi senhliziyo esivamile.

Ukuphindaphinda ukushaqeka kukagesi kumuntu ofanayo kungenzeka futhi akubangeli ingozi ethile. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukusebenzisa ukushaqeka okuningi kungase kube uphawu lokuthi ukunakekelwa kweziguli ezingaphandle akwanele nokuthi kudingeka ezinye izinyathelo zokukugwema.

Kubantu abaningi, i-cardioversion kagesi iyindlela esheshayo nephumelelayo yokwenza:

• Ukwelapha izimpawu ezihambisana ne-arrhythmia (ukushaya kwenhliziyo lapho uphumule noma ukuzikhandla, ukuphefumula kanzima, noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo noma i-angina). Lokhu kubuyela esigqini se-sinus akuyona "isibopho" kuze kube yilapho i-cardioversion ihloselwe kuphela ukukhulula lezi zimpawu;
• Ukubuyisela isigqi senhliziyo esijwayelekile;
• Ukumisa noma iyiphi i-arrhythmia eqhubekayo. 

Izinga lokuphumelela liphansi uma i-arrhythmia indala. Kungakhathaliseki ukuphumelela kokushaqeka okufinyelelwe, kungenzeka ukuphinda inqubo ngoba i-cardioversion kagesi ibuyisela kuphela isigqi esivamile futhi ayinayo indima yokuvimbela ngokuphathelene nokuphindaphinda okungenzeka. Yingakho ukwelashwa okuhambisanayo kwesidakamizwa esilwa nokuvuvukala ngokuvamile kudingekile futhi kuqinisekisa ngangokunokwenzeka le ndima yokuvimbela ukuphindeka. 

Ukukhishwa kwe-Radiofrequency noma i-cryotherapy kungase kucatshangelwe, kodwa kuzoxoxwa ngakho kuye ngokuthi umuntu kanye nesifo senhliziyo yakhe.

Ngakho-ke, isikhathi sokuzinza kwesigqi esivamile esivela kuso sincike kulowo nalowo, ngokusho kwezingozi zokuphindaphinda.

Izinkinga ezivela ku-electrical cardioversion azivamile futhi odokotela bangathatha izinyathelo zokuzinciphisa.

Amahlule egazi akhishiwe

I-cardioversion kagesi ingabangela amahlule egazi ukuba akheke kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba futhi lokhu kungaholela ezinkingeni ezisongela ukuphila. Ukuze uvimbele le nkinga, ukwelashwa kwe-anticoagulant kunqunywe amasonto angu-3 ngaphambi kwenqubo kanye nokuhlolwa kwe-echocardiography nakho kungenziwa. Uma le anticoagulation ingagculisi, inqubo ingahlehliswa.

Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile

Phakathi noma ngemva kwenqubo, abanye abantu babangela ezinye izinkinga ngesigqi senhliziyo. Kuyinkinga engavamile ukuthi, uma kwenzeka, ngokuvamile ayiveli kuze kube yimizuzu embalwa ngemva kwe-cardioversion kagesi. Ukuze ulungise inkinga, udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi eyengeziwe noma ukushaqeka.     

Isikhumba siyasha

Lapho ama-electrode ebekwe khona, abanye abantu bangase babe nokusha okuncane kwesikhumba. Abesifazane abakhulelwe bangaba ne-cardioversion. Kunconywa kuphela ukuqapha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yengane ngesikhathi senqubo.