EFrance, intsha engaba ngu-600 nentsha ephakathi kweminyaka engu-000 nengu-12 ubudala inenkinga yokuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla (ADD). Phakathi kwabo, u-35% ngamantombazane amancane noma abesifazane abasebasha. Ukuphatha kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukuze kuvinjwe ingozi yokuthi lesi sifo siqhubekele esimweni esingamahlalakhona. Kodwa imizwa yokuhlazeka nokuhlukaniswa ngokuvamile ivimbela izisulu ekukhulumeni ngakho futhi zifune usizo. Futhi, abazi njalo ukuthi babhekephi. Amathuba amaningana avulekele bona.

Sikhuluma ngokuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla lapho indlela yomuntu yokudla evamile iphazanyiswa ukuziphatha okungavamile okunemiphumela emibi empilweni yakhe engokomzimba nengqondo. Phakathi kwezinkinga zokudla, kukhona:

• I-Anorexia nervosa: umuntu one-anorexia uzibekela ukudla kuphela ngoba esaba ukukhuluphala noma ukukhuluphala naphezu kokuba nesisindo esincane. Ngaphezu kokuvinjelwa kokudla, abanesifo sokuzincisha ukudla bavame ukuphalaza ngemva kokudla ukudla noma basebenzise ama-laxatives, ama-diuretics, amaphilisi okucindezela ukudla kanye nokungabi namandla komzimba ukuze bagweme ukukhuluphala. Baphinde bahlupheke ngenxa yoshintsho endleleni ababona ngayo isisindo sabo kanye nesimo somzimba wabo futhi ababuboni ubunzima bobuncane babo.
• I-Bulimia: umuntu one-bulimic udonsa ukudla okuningi kakhulu kunokuvamile, futhi lokhu, ngesikhathi esifushane. Uyaqikelela futhi ukuthi angakhuluphali ngokuziphatha okuyisinxephezelo njengokuhlanza okubangelwa, ukuphuza ama-laxatives nama-diuretics, ukuvivinya umzimba ngokweqile nokuzila ukudla.
• Ukudla ngokweqile noma ukudla ngokweqile: umuntu ohlushwa ukudla ngokweqile udle ukudla okuningi kakhulu kunokuvamile ngesikhathi esifushane (ngokwesibonelo esingaphansi kwamahora ama-2) ngokulahlekelwa ukulawula ubuningi obudliwe. Ukwengeza, kukhona okungenani oku-3 kwalokhu kuziphatha okulandelayo: ukudla ngokushesha, ukudla kuze kube yilapho uphatheke kabi esiswini, ukudla kakhulu ngaphandle kokulamba, ukudla wedwa ngoba unamahloni ngenani elidliwe, uzizwa unecala futhi ucindezelekile ngemva kokudla. Ngokungafani ne-anorexia ne-bulimia, iziguli ezine-hyperphagic azimisi ukuziphatha okunxeshezelwayo ukuze zigweme ukukhuluphala (ukuhlanza, ukuzila ukudla, njll.)
• Okunye okubizwa ngokuthi "ukudla ukudla" ukuphazamiseka: i-orthorexia, i-pica, i-merycism, ukuvinjelwa noma ukugwema ukudla, noma ukudla okulula okuyimpoqo.

Uhlu lwemibuzo lwe-SCOFF, olwakhiwe ososayensi, lungathola ukuba khona kokuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla. Iqukethe imibuzo emi-5 ehloselwe abantu okungenzeka baphathwe yi-TCA:

1. Ungasho yini ukuthi ukudla kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwakho?
2. Ingabe uzenza uhlakazeke lapho uzwa sengathi isisu sakho sigcwele kakhulu?
3. Ingabe usanda kulahlekelwa ngaphezu kuka-6 kg esikhathini esingaphansi kwezinyanga ezi-3?
4. Ingabe ucabanga ukuthi ukhuluphele kakhulu lapho abanye bekutshela ukuthi uzacile?
5. Ingabe uzizwa sengathi awusakwazi ukulawula inani lokudla okudlayo?

Uma uphendule ngokuthi “yebo” emibuzweni emibili noma ngaphezulu, ungase ube nenkinga yemikhuba yokudla futhi kufanele ukhulume nalabo abaseduze kwakho ukuze ukwazi ukuphatha. I-ACT ingaba nemiphumela emibi kakhulu yezempilo uma iba yizifo ezingelapheki.

Ukuphathwa kwe-TCA akulula ngoba iziguli azilokothi zikhulume ngakho, zidliwe ngamahloni. Ukuziphatha kwabo okungajwayelekile kokudla nakho kubakhuthaza ukuba bazihlukanise ukuze badle. Ngenxa yalokho, ubuhlobo babo nabanye buba buthaka njengoba lesi sifo siqala. Ngakho-ke amahloni nokuzihlukanisa kuyizithiyo ezimbili eziyinhloko ekunakekelweni kwabantu abanenkinga yokudla.

Bazi kahle ukuthi lokhu abakwenzayo akulungile. Nokho abakwazi ukuma ngaphandle kosizo. Amahloni awawona nje umphakathi kuphela, okusho ukuthi iziguli ziyazi ukuthi indlela ezidla ngayo ibhekwa njengengajwayelekile kwabanye. Kodwa futhi ingaphakathi, okusho ukuthi abantu abahlukunyezwayo abahambisani nokuziphatha kwabo. Yileli hlazo eliholela ekuzihlukaniseni: kancane kancane siyenqaba izimemo zokudla kwakusihlwa noma isidlo sasemini, sikhetha ukuhlala ekhaya ukuze sidle ukudla okuningi futhi / noma sizihlanze, ukuya emsebenzini kuba nzima lapho ukuphazamiseka kungapheli ...

Kudokotela wakhe olaphayo

Udokotela ohambelayo uvame ukuba yi-interlocutor yokuqala yezokwelapha emindenini. Ukukhuluma ngokuphazamiseka kwakhe kwemikhuba yokudla nodokotela wakhe ovamile kubonakala kulula kunomunye udokotela ongasazi futhi esingakabi naye isibopho sokwethembana. Uma sekutholakele ukuxilongwa, udokotela ojwayelekile uzonikeza izinketho eziningana zokuphatha lesi sifo, kuye ngesimo sesiguli.

Emndenini noma ezihlotsheni zakhe

Umndeni kanye nabathandekayo bomuntu ogulayo basesimweni esingcono kakhulu sokubona inkinga ngoba bangase bathole ukuthi ukuziphatha kwabo kungavamile ngesikhathi sokudla noma ukuthi isisindo sabo sesisindo noma ukwehla kuye kwaba ngokweqile ezinyangeni zamuva. Akufanele bangabaze ukuxoxa ngenkinga nomuntu othintekayo futhi bamsize athole usizo lwezokwelapha nolwengqondo. Njengalokhu nje akufanele umuntu angangabazi ukucela usizo kwabaseduze kwakhe.

Kuzinhlangano

Izinhlangano eziningana nezinhlaka zisiza iziguli nemindeni yazo. Phakathi kwazo, iNational Federation of associations exhunywe nokuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla (FNA-TCA), inhlangano ye-Enfine, i-Fil Santé Jeunes, inhlangano ye-Autrement, noma i-French Anorexia Bulimia Federation (FFAB).

Nakwabanye abantu abadlula entweni efanayo

Lena cishe indlela elula yokuvuma ukuthi unenkinga yokudla. Ubani oqonda kangcono umuntu ophethwe yi-TCA, kunomunye umuntu ophethwe yi-TCA? Ukwabelana ngolwazi lwakho nabantu abahlushwa i-TCA nsuku zonke (abagulayo nabaseduze nokugula) kubonisa ukuthi ufuna ukuphuma kukho. Kunamaqembu ezingxoxo nezinkundla ezibhekele ukuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla kulokhu. Ngithanda izinkundla ezinikezwa izinhlangano ezilwa nokuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla lapho izingxoxo zenganyelwa khona. Ngempela, kwesinye isikhathi umuntu uthola kuWebhu yamakati kanye namabhulogi enza ukuxolisa nge-anorexia.

Inezinhlaka ezehlukene ezinikezelwe ku-TCA

Ezinye izikhungo zezempilo zinikeza isakhiwo esinikezelwe ekulawuleni ukuphazamiseka kwemikhuba yokudla. Nansi indaba yokuthi:

• I-Maison de Solenn-Maison des adolescents, exhunywe esibhedlela sase-Cochin eParis. Odokotela abahlinzeka nge-somatic, psychological and psychiatric management of anorexia kanye ne-bulimia entsheni esukela eminyakeni eyi-11 kuye kweyi-18.
• IJean Abadie Centre exhunywe eqenjini lesibhedlela iSaint-André eBordeaux. Lesi sikhungo sigxile kakhulu ekwamukelweni nasekunakekelweni kwezingane nentsha ezindaweni ezahlukene.
• I-TCA Garches Nutrition Unit. Lena iyunithi yezokwelapha ezinikezelwe ekuphathweni kwezinkinga ze-somatic kanye nokungondleki okunzima kweziguli ezine-TCA.

Lawa mayunithi akhethekile avame ukukhungatheka futhi anomkhawulo ngokwezindawo. Kodwa qaphela ukuthi uma uhlala e-Ile-de-France noma eduzane, ungaphendukela ku-TCA Francilien Network. Ihlanganisa ndawonye bonke ochwepheshe bezempilo abanakekela i-TCA esifundeni: odokotela bengqondo, odokotela bengqondo yezingane, odokotela bezingane, odokotela abajwayelekile, izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo, izazi zokudla okunomsoco, odokotela bezimo eziphuthumayo, abavuselelayo, izazi zokudla, othisha, abasebenzi bezenhlalakahle, izinhlangano zesiguli, njll.