Okuqukethwe
I-Dyslexia, kuyini?
I-World Health Organization (WHO) ikuchaza kanje: I-dyslexia iwukuphazamiseka kokufunda okuthile. Kuphinde kube wukuphazamiseka okuphikelelayo ekutholeni ulimi olubhaliwe, okubonakala ngobunzima obukhulu ekutholeni nasekuzenzeleni izindlela ezidingekayo ukuze ukwazi ukubhala kahle (ukufunda, ukubhala, ukupela isipelingi, njll.) . Ingane inembi ukumelwa kwephimboloji yamagama. Ngezinye izikhathi uwabiza kabi, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke, akayazi imisindo eyakha amagama. EyamiUma ilawulwa kahle, i-dyslexia ingase ithuthuke ngokuya ngeminyaka. I-WHO ilinganisela ukuthi u-8 kuya ku-10% wezingane uyathinteka, nabafana baphindwe kathathu kunamantombazane.
Inkinga ukuyibona. Ngoba zonke izingane, ezine-dyslexic noma cha, zihlangabezana nokudideka kwamagama (“imoto” iba “u-cra”), izengezo (“ihholo ledolobha” elithi “ihholo ledolobha”) noma ukuguqulwa njengokuthi “isazi senhloli” noma “i-pestacle. “! Lawa "maphutha" aba yi-pathological lapho ukudideka kukhulu futhi kubonwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi okungenani iminyaka emibili, futhi avimbela ukufundwa kokufunda.
Ivelaphi i-dyslexia?
Selokhu yatholakala ngekhulu lesi-XNUMX, abacwaningi baye baphindaphinda imibono. Njengamanje, ucwaningo luqhubekela ezindleleni ezimbili eziyinhloko:
Ukushoda ekuqwashiseni ngemisindo. Okusho ukuthi, ingane ene-dyslexia ikuthola kunzima ukuyiqonda. lolo limi lwakhiwe amayunithi namayunithi amancane (amafonimu) ahlanganiswa akhe amaqoqo namagama.
Imvelaphi yofuzo : Izakhi zofuzo eziyisithupha zihlotshaniswe ne-dyslexia. Futhi cishe u-60% wezingane ezihlaselwe yilesi sifo zinomlando womndeni we-dyslexia.
Iqala kanjani i-dyslexia?
Kusukela esigabeni esiphakathi, ingane iba nobunzima ekukhumbuleni imilolozelo ngoba iguqula izitanza.
Ezingxenyeni ezinkulu, akathandi ukubhekana nomkhuba wokubeka usuku, usuku nenyanga ekhalendeni lekilasi; uhlezi kahle ngesikhathi. Akakhululekile ukudweba.
Ulimi lwakhe lugcwele amaphutha ekubizeni amagama: ukuguquguquka, ukuphindaphinda kwamagama, njll. Ukhuluma “umntwana”, ukutholakala kwakhe kwamagama amile.
Akakwazi ngempela ukuthola amagama avusa izinto: uma ecelwa ukuba abonise i-apula, akukho nkinga, kodwa uma simbuza, esithombeni se-apula, ukuthi liyini, uzocinga amagama akhe. Uphinde abe nenkinga ngamacharades, nezimfumbe (“Ngiyisithelo esiyindilinga nesibomvu, futhi ngimila esihlahleni, ngiyini?”)
Ku-CP, kanye neminyaka elandelayo, uzophindaphinda amaphutha esipelingi "oyisiphukuphuku" angenakuchazwa ngokufunda okubi kwemithetho (isibonelo: ubhala "i-teries" ye "ubisi" ngoba uhlukanisa amagama amabi).
Incwadi ezosisiza:
“Ngisiza ingane yami ene-dyslexia - bona, uqonde futhi usekele ubunzima » ngu-Marie Coulon, ama-Eyrolles editions, 2019.
Kucebile ngezibonelo, izeluleko kanye nobufakazi, le ncwadi inikeza ithrekhi yokuzijwayeza ukusiza ingane ekusebenzeni ekhaya futhi iyithuluzi elibalulekile lokuxoxisana nochwepheshe. Okusha uhlelo lunothiswe ngu-a ibhuku lokusebenzela okumele kwenziwe nsuku zonke ukukhuthaza ukusebenza kobuchopho.
Yiziphi izixazululo zokubhekana ne-dyslexia?
Noma ngabe iziphi izinsolo zikamama nonkosikazi, ukubambezeleka kolimi akwenzi kube nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo okuncane. Qaphela ukuthi ungachazi lutho nakho konke ngaleli gama eliwumlingo! Kwaze kwaba sekupheleni kuka-CE1, lapho ingane yayisele ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyishumi nesishiyagalombili ifunda ukufunda, ukuze yenze ukuxilongwa okuqinisekile. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa kolimi kungathola ukuphazamiseka okuvela enkulisa, futhi uma kwenzeka ukungabaza, ingane izothunyelwa kumelaphi wokukhuluma. THEUdokotela ngempela unquma ukuhlolwa kokwelashwa kwenkulumo futhi ngokuvamile ukuhlolwa kwe-orthoptic, ophthalmological kanye ne-ENT ukuze ahlole ukuthi ingane izwa kahle, ibona kahle, ine-motricity enhle yokuskena kweso… Ukuhlolwa kwe-psychomotor nakho ngokuvamile kuyadingeka.
Uma ubunzima bakhe bumenza akhathazeke, okuyinto evamile, ukusekelwa kwengqondo nakho kuyafiseleka. Okokugcina, into ebalulekile ukuthi ingane igcina ukuzethemba futhi iyaqhubeka ifuna ukufunda: i-dyslexics inhle kakhulu embonweni we-3D, ngakho-ke kungase kuthakazelise ukumtholela imisebenzi yezandla noma ukuba aqeqeshe umdlalo.