Kuyaxaka ukuthi abantu abathambekele ekukhathazekeni ngezinye izikhathi bayenqaba ngenkani ukuphumula. Isizathu salokhu kuziphatha okuxakile kungenzeka ukuthi balwela ukugwema ukwanda okukhulu kokukhathazeka uma kwenzeka okuthile okubi.
Sonke siyazi ukuthi ukuphumula kuhle futhi kuyajabulisa, kokubili emphefumulweni nasemzimbeni. Yini ngempela okungenzeka ukuthi ayilungile lapha? Okuxaka kakhulu ukuziphatha kwabantu abamelana nokuphumula futhi bagcine izinga labo elijwayelekile lokukhathazeka. Ocwaningweni lwakamuva, abacwaningi basePennsylvania State University bathola ukuthi ababambiqhaza ababethambekele kakhulu emizweni engafanele—ngokwesibonelo, labo abasheshe bethuka—bangase babe nokukhathazeka lapho benza izivivinyo zokuphumula. Okwakufanele kubehlise umoya empeleni kwakungabaxakile.
"Laba bantu bangaqhubeka nokukhathazeka ukuze bagweme ukukhuphuka okukhulu kokukhathazeka," kuchaza uNewman. “Kodwa empeleni, kusafaneleka ukuzivumela ngokwakho. Lapho wenza lokhu kaningi, yilapho uqonda ngokwengeziwe ukuthi akukho okumele ukhathazeke ngakho. Ukuqeqeshwa kwengqondo neminye imikhuba kungasiza abantu bakhulule ukungezwani futhi bahlale kulesi sikhathi samanje.”
Umfundi we-PhD kanye nomhlanganyeli wephrojekthi u-Hanju Kim uthi lolu cwaningo luphinde lunikeze ukukhanya kokuthi kungani izindlela zokwelapha zokuphumula, ezakhelwe ukuthuthukisa impilo-mpilo, zingadala ukukhathazeka okwengeziwe kwabanye. “Yilokhu okwenzeka kulabo abanenkinga yokukhathazeka futhi badinga nje ukuphumula kunabanye. Sithemba ukuthi imiphumela yocwaningo lwethu ingabasiza abantu abanjalo.”
Abacwaningi bazi mayelana nokukhathazeka okubangelwa ukuphumula kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1980, kusho uNewman, kodwa imbangela yalesi simo ayikakaziwa. Esebenza kumbono wokugwema umehluko ngo-2011, usosayensi wacabanga ukuthi le miqondo emibili ingaxhunyaniswa. Umnyombo wethiyori yakhe umqondo wokuthi abantu bangakhathazeka ngamabomu: lena yindlela abazama ngayo ukugwema ukudumazeka okuzodingeka bakubekezelele uma kwenzeka okuthile okubi.
Ayisizi ngempela, ivele imphathe kabi kakhulu umuntu. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi izinto eziningi esizikhathazayo azigcini zenzeke, umqondo uyasimama: «Ngangikhathazekile futhi akwenzekanga, ngakho-ke ngidinga ukuqhubeka nokukhathazeka.
Abantu abanesifo sokukhathazeka okujwayelekile bayazwela ekuqhumeni kwemizwa okungazelelwe.
Ukuze bahlanganyele ocwaningweni lwakamuva, abacwaningi bameme abafundi abangu-96: abangu-32 abane-generalized disorder disorder, 34 abane-depressive disorder enkulu, kanye nabantu abangu-30 abangenazo iziyaluyalu. Abacwaningi baqale bacela ababambiqhaza ukuthi benze izivivinyo zokuphumula bese bekhombisa amavidiyo angabangela ukwesaba noma ukudabuka.
Lezi zihloko zibe seziphendula uchungechunge lwemibuzo ukukala ukuzwela kwazo izinguquko esimweni sazo somzwelo. Ngokwesibonelo, kwabanye abantu, ukubukela i-video ngemva nje kokuphumula kwabangela ukungakhululeki, kuyilapho abanye benomuzwa wokuthi iseshini yabasiza ukuba babhekane nemizwa engemihle.
Esigabeni sesibili, abahleli bokuhlolwa baphinde bafaka ababambiqhaza ochungechungeni lwezivivinyo zokuphumula base bephinda babacela ukuthi bagcwalise uhlu lwemibuzo ukuze balinganise ukukhathazeka.
Ngemva kokuhlaziya idatha, abacwaningi bathola ukuthi abantu abanenkinga yokukhathazeka evamile kungenzeka ukuthi bazwele ekuqhumeni kwemizwelo kungazelelwe, njengokusuka ekuphumuleni baye ekubeni novalo noma becindezelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kuzwela kwakubuye kwahlotshaniswa nemizwa yokukhathazeka izihloko eziye zabhekana nazo phakathi nezikhathi zokuphumula. Amazinga ayefana kubantu abanenkinga enkulu yokucindezeleka, nakuba esimweni sabo umphumela wawungavezwanga.
U-Hanju Kim wethemba ukuthi imiphumela yocwaningo ingasiza ochwepheshe basebenze nabantu abaphethwe yizinkinga zokukhathazeka ukuze behlise amazinga abo okukhathazeka. Ekugcineni, ucwaningo lososayensi luhloselwe ukuqonda kangcono umsebenzi wengqondo, ukuthola izindlela ezisebenza kahle zokusiza abantu nokuthuthukisa izinga labo lempilo.