I-antenna yokunikeza: kusuka kumathini kabhiya, ifreyimu, i-broadband (all-wave)

Ezindlini zasehlobo, isignali yethelevishini ayitholakali kalula ngaphandle kokukhulisa: ikude kakhulu ne-repeater, indawo ngokuvamile ayilingani, futhi izihlahla ziyaphazamisa. Ukuze uthole ikhwalithi evamile "yesithombe", izimpondo ziyadingeka. Noma ubani owazi ukuphatha insimbi ye-soldering okungenani kancane angenza i-antenna yokupha ngezandla zakhe. I-aesthetics ngaphandle kwedolobha ayinikezwa ukubaluleka okungaka, into eyinhloko yikhwalithi yokwamukela, ukuklama okulula, izindleko eziphansi nokuthembeka. Ungazama futhi ukwenze ngokwakho.

I-antenna ye-TV elula

Uma i-repeater itholakala ku-30 ​​km ukusuka ku-dacha yakho, ungenza ingxenye elula yokuthola ekwakhiweni. Lawa amashubhu amabili afanayo axhunywe ngekhebula. Okukhiphayo kwekhebula kufakwa okokufaka okuhambisanayo kwe-TV.

Okudingayo ukwenza lolu uthi lwe-TV

Okokuqala, udinga ukuthola ukuthi umbhoshongo we-TV oseduze usakaza kuphi. Ubude "bentshebe" buncike ebuningini. Ibhendi yokusakaza iku-50-230 MHz. Ihlukaniswe yaba iziteshi ezingu-12. Ngamunye udinga ubude bawo bamashubhu. Uhlu lwamashaneli kamabonakude asemhlabeni, amaza azo kanye nemingcele yothi lukamabonakude lokuzikhiqiza luzonikezwa etafuleni.

Ngakho-ke, ukuze wenze i-antenna ye-TV ngezandla zakho, udinga izinto ezilandelayo:

1. Ipayipi lensimbi lifushane ngo-6-7 cm kunalokho okukhonjiswe etafuleni. Izinto ezibonakalayo - noma iyiphi insimbi: ithusi, insimbi, i-duralumin, njll. Ububanzi - kusuka ku-8 mm kuya ku-24 mm (okuvame ukubeka 16 mm). Isimo esiyinhloko: kokubili "izintshebe" kufanele zifane: kusukela ezintweni ezifanayo, ubude obufanayo, kusukela kumbhobho wobubanzi obufanayo obunodonga olufanayo.
2. Ikhebuli ye-TV ene-impedance engu-75 ohm. Ubude bayo bunqunywa endaweni: ukusuka othini kuya ku-TV, kanye nemitha nengxenye yokuhlehla kanye nengxenye yemitha yeluphu ehambisanayo.
3. Ucezu lwe-textolite ewugqinsi noma i-getinax (okungenani ugqinsi oluyi-4 mm),
4. Ama-clamps amaningana noma amapheshana ensimbi ukuze avikele amapayipi esibambi.
5. Induku ye-antenna (ipayipi lensimbi noma ekhoneni, elinobude obungaphakeme kakhulu - ibhulokhi yokhuni, njll.).
   

Kungaba kuhle ukuba nensimbi ye-soldering, i-flux ye-soldering yethusi kanye ne-solder esandleni: kuhle ukuthengisa konke ukuxhumeka kwama-conductor aphakathi: ikhwalithi yesithombe izoba ngcono futhi i-antenna izosebenza isikhathi eside. Izindawo ze-soldering ke zidinga ukuvikelwa ku-oxidation: kungcono ukuyigcwalisa ngesendlalelo se-silicone, ungasebenzisa i-epoxy, njll Njengendlela yokugcina, yibeke nge-tape kagesi, kodwa lokhu akuthembeki kakhulu.

Le-antenna ye-TV eyenziwe ekhaya, ngisho nasekhaya, izokwenziwa ingane. Udinga ukusika ishubhu lobude elifana nemvamisa yokusakaza yesiphindaphindi esiseduze, bese uyisika phakathi ncamashi.

Umyalo womhlangano

Amashubhu avelayo acatshangelwe ohlangothini olulodwa. Ngalezi ziphetho zixhunywe kumnikazi - ucezu lwe-getinax noma i-textolite 4-6 mm ubukhulu (bheka umfanekiso). Amashubhu abekwe ebangeni elingama-6-7 cm ukusuka komunye nomunye, iziphetho zawo ezikude kufanele zibe kude okukhonjiswe etafuleni. Zigxiliswe kusibambi ngezinsimbi, kufanele zibambe ziqine.

Isidlidlizi esifakiwe sigxilile ku-mast. Manje udinga ukuxhuma "amadevu" amabili ngokusebenzisa idivayisi efanayo. Lena iluphu yekhebula enokumelana kwe-75 ohms (uhlobo RK-1, 3, 4). Imingcele yayo ikhonjiswe kukholamu engakwesokudla kwetafula, futhi ukuthi kwenziwa kanjani ngakwesokudla kwesithombe.

Ama-cores aphakathi kwekhebula ahlutshiwe (athengiswa) emikhawulweni eyisicaba yamashubhu, i-braid yabo ixhunywe nesiqephu somqhubi ofanayo. Kulula ukuthola ucingo: nqamula ucezu lwekhebula kancane kunosayizi odingekayo bese ukhulula kuwo wonke amagobolondo. Hlikihla amaphethelo bese usikulufa kuma-conductor wekhebula (kungcono uku-solder).

Khona-ke amakhondaktha amaphakathi asuka ezicucu ezimbili zeluphu efanayo kanye nekhebula eliya ku-TV axhunyiwe. I-braid yabo nayo ixhunywe ngocingo lwethusi.

Isenzo sokugcina: iluphu ephakathi ixhunywe kubha, futhi ikhebula eliya phansi liboshwe kuyo. Ibha iphakanyiswe ekuphakameni okudingekayo futhi "ishuniwe" lapho. Kudingeka abantu ababili ukuze bamise: oyedwa uphendulela uthi, owesibili ubuka i-TV futhi ahlole ikhwalithi yesithombe. Ngemva kokunquma ukuthi isignali yamukelwa kuphi kangcono kakhulu, i-antenna yokuzenzela ilungiswa kule ndawo. Ukuze ungahlupheki isikhathi eside "nge-tuning", bheka lapho abamukeli bomakhelwane (ama-antenna asemhlabeni) baqondiswa khona. I-antenna elula yokupha ngezandla zakho yenziwe. Setha futhi "bamba" isiqondiso ngokuyijika nge-eksisi yayo.

Buka ividiyo yokuthi ungasika kanjani ikhebula le-coaxial.

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Iluphu kusuka epayipini

Le antenna yokuzenzela inzima kancane ukwenza: udinga i-bender yepayipi, kodwa i-radius yokwamukela inkulu - kufika ku-40 km. Izinto zokuqala zicishe zifane: ithubhu lensimbi, ikhebula kanye nenduku.

I-bend radius yepayipi ayibalulekile. Kudingekile ukuthi ipayipi inobude obudingekayo, futhi ibanga phakathi kwemikhawulo liyi-65-70 mm. Womabili "amaphiko" kufanele abe ubude obufanayo, futhi iziphetho kufanele zilingane phakathi nendawo.

Ubude bepayipi nekhebula buboniswa etafuleni. Thola ukuthi isiphindaphinda esiseduze nawe sisakaza ngasiphi isikhathi, khetha ulayini ofanele. I-Saw off ipayipi yobukhulu obudingekayo (ububanzi kungcono 12-18 mm, kubo imingcele ye-loop ehambisanayo inikezwa).

Assembly

Ishubhu yobude obudingekayo igobile, iyenza ilingane ngokuphelele phakathi nendawo. Unqenqema olulodwa luyisicaba futhi lwenziwa / luvalwe uphawu. Gcwalisa ngesihlabathi, bese uvala uhlangothi lwesibili. Uma kungekho welding, ungakwazi ukuxhuma iziphetho, vele ubeke amapulaki ku-glue enhle noma i-silicone.

Isidlidlizi esiphumayo sigxilile ku-mast (induku). Zikrufulwe kuze kube sekugcineni kwepayipi, bese kuthi amakhondatha amaphakathi eluphu ehambisanayo kanye nekhebula eliya ku-TV liyadayiswa. Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuxhuma ucezu lwentambo yethusi ngaphandle kokufakwa kwe-insulation ku-braid yezintambo. Umhlangano usuqedile - ungaqhubekela "ekucushweni".

Uma ungafuni ukuzenzela, funda ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani uthi ongalunikeza lapha.

I-antenna kabhiya

Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi ubukeka engenangqondo, isithombe siba ngcono kakhulu. Ihlolwe izikhathi eziningi. Izame!

I-antenna yangaphandle kabhiya

Ufuna:

• amathini amabili anamandla angu-0,5 amalitha,
• ukhuni noma ipulasitiki cishe ngamamitha angu-0,5 ubude,
• ucezu lwentambo ye-TV RG-58,
• i-soldering iron,
• i-flux ye-aluminium (uma amathini ayi-aluminium),
• i-solder.
  

Siqoqa kanje:

1. Sifaka imbobo phansi embizeni phakathi nendawo (5-6 mm ububanzi).
2. Ngale mbobo sinweba ikhebula, siyikhiphe ngembobo esembozweni.
3. Silungisa le mbiza ngakwesobunxele kusibambi ukuze ikhebula liqondiswe phakathi.
4. Sikhipha ikhebula ebhodweni cishe ngo-5-6 cm, sisuse u-insulation cishe ngo-3 cm, sihlukanise i-braid.
5. Sinquma i-braid, ubude bayo kufanele bube ngu-1,5 cm.
6. Sisabalalisa phezu kwe-can bese siyithengisa.
7. I-conductor emaphakathi ephuma ngo-3 cm kufanele ithengiswe phansi kwekani lesibili.
8. Ibanga phakathi kwamabhange amabili kufanele lenziwe libe lincane ngangokunokwenzeka, futhi lilungiswe ngandlela thize. Enye inketho iteyiphu enamathelayo noma itheyiphu yokudonsa.
9. Yilokho nje, i-antenna ye-UHF eyenziwe ekhaya isilungile.

Qeda enye ingxenye yentambo ngepulaki efanelekile, uyixhume kusokhethi ye-TV oyidingayo. Lo mklamo, ngendlela, ungasetshenziswa ukuthola ithelevishini yedijithali. Uma i-TV yakho isekela le fomethi yesiginali (i-DVB T2) noma kunebhokisi elikhethekile lokumisa i-TV endala, ungakwazi ukubamba isignali evela kumphindi oseduze. Udinga nje ukuthola ukuthi ikuphi futhi uqondise i-antenna yakho yethelevishini eyenziwe ngamathini kathayela lapho.

Umklamo ofanayo ungashintshwa ukuze uthole iziteshi ze-VHF. Esikhundleni sezimbiza ezingu-0,5 zamalitha, gqoka ilitha elingu-1. Izothola ibhande le-MW.

Enye inketho: uma ungenayo i-soldering iron, noma ungazi ukuthi ungayifaka kanjani, ungenza kube lula. Bopha amathini amabili ebangeni elingamasentimitha ambalwa kusibambi. Hlikihla ukuphela kwekhebula ngamasentimitha angu-4-5 (susa ngokucophelela ukufakwa). Hlukanisa i-braid, uyisonte ibe yinqwaba, wenze indandatho kuyo, lapho ufaka khona isikulufu sokuzishaya. Kusukela ku-conductor omaphakathi, yenza indandatho yesibili bese uxhuma isikulufu sesibili sokuzithepha kuso. Manje, ezansi kwekani elilodwa, uhlanza (nge-sandpaper) ichashaza lapho ugoqa khona izikulufu.

Eqinisweni, i-soldering iyadingeka ukuze uxhumane kangcono: kungcono ukuthayela futhi uthengise indandatho ye-braid, kanye nendawo yokuxhumana nensimbi ye-can. Kodwa ngisho nasezikulungeni zokuzithinta ngokwakho kuvela kahle, nokho, othintana naye ufakwa i-oxid ngezikhathi ezithile futhi udinga ukuhlanzwa. Njengoba “kukhithika” uzokwazi ukuthi kungani…

Ungase uzibuze ukuthi ungayenza kanjani i-brazier kusuka kubhaluni noma emgqonyeni, ungafunda ngakho lapha.

Zenzele wena i-digital TV antenna

Idizayini ye-antenna - ifreyimu. Kule nguqulo yomamukeli, uzodinga i-crosspiece eyenziwe ngamabhodi okhuni nentambo yethelevishini. Uzodinga futhi itheyiphu kagesi, izinzipho ezimbalwa. Konke.

Sesivele sishilo ukuthi ukuze uthole isignali yedijithali, udinga kuphela idesimitha ye-antenna yasemhlabeni kanye nedekhoda efanelekile. Ingakhiwa kuma-TV (isizukulwane esisha) noma yenziwe njengesisetshenziswa esihlukile. Uma i-TV inomsebenzi wokwamukela isignali kukhodi ye-DVB T2, xhuma okukhiphayo kothi ngqo ku-TV. Uma i-TV ingenayo i-decoder, uzodinga ukuthenga ibhokisi le-digital set-top box bese uxhuma okuphumayo okuvela othini kulo, kanye nesethi ye-TV.

Indlela yokunquma isiteshi nokubala umjikelezo wamafreyimu

E-Russia, uhlelo lwamukelwe, ngokusho ukuthi imibhoshongo yakhiwa njalo. Ekupheleni kuka-2015, yonke indawo kufanele ihlanganiswe ngabaphindaphindayo. Kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni ethi http://xn--p1aadc.xn--p1ai/when/ thola umbhoshongo oseduze nawe. Ibonisa imvamisa yokusakaza nenombolo yesiteshi. Ipherimitha yohlaka lwe-antenna incike enambeni yesiteshi.

Isibonelo, isiteshi 37 sisakaza ngemvamisa engu-602 MHz. Ubude begagasi bubhekwa kanjena: 300 / 602 u50d 22 cm. Lokhu kuzoba yipherimitha yohlaka. Asibale esinye isiteshi ngendlela efanayo. Makube yisiteshi 482. Imvamisa i-300 MHz, ubude be-waveleng 482/62 = XNUMX cm.

Njengoba lolu thi luqukethe amafreyimu amabili, ubude bomqhubi kufanele bulingane nobude obuphindwe kabili, kanye no-5 cm ekuxhumekeni ngakunye:

• ngesiteshi 37 sithatha i-105 cm yocingo lwethusi (50 cm * 2 + 5 cm = 105 cm);
• eziteshini ezingu-22 udinga 129 cm (62 cm * 2 + 5 cm = 129 cm).

Mhlawumbe unesithakazelo kakhulu ekusebenzeni ngokhuni? Indlela yokwenza indlu yezinyoni ibhalwe lapha futhi mayelana nokwenza i-doghouse - kulesi sihloko.

Assembly

Intambo yethusi isetshenziswa kangcono ukusuka kukhebuli ezodlulela kumamukeli. Okusho ukuthi, thatha ikhebula bese ususa i-sheath kanye ne-braid kuyo, ukhulule umqhubi ophakathi wobude obufunayo. Qaphela ukuthi ungalimazi.

Okulandelayo, sakha ukusekelwa okuvela emabhodini, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukunquma ubude bohlangothi lwefreyimu. Njengoba lesi kuyisikwele esihlanekezelwe, sihlukanisa umjikelezo otholiwe ngo-4:

• ngesiteshi 37: 50 cm / 4 = 12,5 cm;
• kumashaneli angu-22: 62 cm / 4 = 15,5 cm.

Ibanga ukusuka kwesinye isipikili ukuya kwesinye kufanele lihambisane nalezi zilinganiso. Ukufakwa kocingo lwethusi kuqala kwesokudla, ukusuka maphakathi, kuya phansi futhi kuqhubeke kuwo wonke amaphuzu. Kuphela endaweni lapho amafreyimu esondelana khona, ungafinyeleli ama-conductor. Kufanele zibe kude (2-4 cm).

Lapho yonke i-perimeter ibekwe, i-braid evela ekhebula elingamasentimitha ambalwa ubude iphonswa ibe yinqwaba futhi ifakwe i-soldered (inxeba uma kungenakwenzeka ukudayiswa) kuya kolunye uhlangothi lwefreyimu. Okulandelayo, ikhebula libekwe njengoba kuboniswe emfanekisweni, liyigoqa nge-tape kagesi (kaningi, kodwa umzila wokubeka awukwazi ukushintshwa). Khona-ke ikhebula liya kusikhikhoda (esihlukene noma esakhelwe ngaphakathi). Lonke i-antenna yokupha ngezandla zakho ukuze uthole umabonakude wedijithali isilungile.

Indlela yokwenza i-antenna yethelevishini yedijithali ngezandla zakho - omunye umklamo - uboniswa kuvidiyo.