Udokotela wamazinyo-implantologist

Kukhona okukhethekile okumbalwa emkhakheni wezamazinyo, enye yazo i-implantology. Ezokwelapha zamazinyo zanamuhla, udokotela wamazinyo-implantologist ungomunye wochwepheshe abafunwa kakhulu, ngoba i-prosthetics yamazinyo ngokulahlekelwa kwawo okuphelele ayisebenzi ngokwanele. Udokotela wamazinyo ofakelwayo uzosiza ukubuyisela ngokugcwele ubuqotho bamazinyo namazinyo, okuzohlala isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi ngeke kudinge noma yiziphi izinyathelo zokwelapha.

Izici zobuchwepheshe

Ukufakelwa kwamazinyo kunomlando wamakhulu eminyaka, kodwa amagama esimanje avela eminyakeni eyi-100 kuphela edlule. Ukufakelwa kanye nokufakelwa kusho into engaziwa emzimbeni womuntu, eyethulwa kusetshenziswa amasu ezokwelapha ukuze yenze imisebenzi yaleso sitho (ekudokotela wamazinyo - izinyo) okuhloswe ngaso ukukushintsha. Uchwepheshe be-dentist-implantologist bavela kuphela phakathi nekhulu lama-20, lapho amazinyo okufakelwa akhishwayo futhi angaguquki eqala ukugwenywa kakhulu endaweni yezokwelapha, esikhundleni sawo ngokufakelwa kwamanje.

Ukuze usebenzise ukufakwa kwamazinyo, udokotela wamazinyo kumele, ngaphezu kwemfundo ephakeme yezokwelapha yephrofayili yamazinyo, afundele umsebenzi okhethekile emkhakheni “wokuhlinzwa kwamazinyo”, futhi athathe izifundo ezikhethekile zokufakelwa kwamazinyo. Lapho uhlanganisa umsebenzi we-implantologist nekhono likadokotela wamazinyo (okuvamile kakhulu emithini yesimanje), udokotela kufanele futhi athole ubuchwepheshe bodokotela wamazinyo.

Ngakho-ke, umkhakha wethonya we-dentist-implantologist uhlanganisa ulwazi namakhono okusebenza nge-pathologies yamazinyo evamile, indawo yokuhlinzwa ye-maxillofacial, umsebenzi wamathambo. Udokotela wamazinyo-implantologist kumele abe namakhono okukhetha futhi anikeze i-anesthesia edingekayo, akwazi ukwenza izimbobo zokuhlinzwa endaweni yomhlathi, izilonda ze-suture, enze imisebenzi emathanjeni athambile namathambo.

Izifo nezimpawu

Muva nje, usizo lokufakelwa kwamazinyo luye lwasetshenziselwa kuphela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, nge-adentia ephelele, okungukuthi, lapho kungekho nhlobo amazinyo kumazinyo, noma lapho i-prosthetics ingenakwenzeka ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene. Kodwa-ke, namuhla ukufakelwa kuyindlela evamile kakhulu yokushintsha i-dentition, ikuvumela ukuthi uthole izinyo eligcwele noma ngisho ne-dentition yonke, okuyinto esikhathini esizayo amashumi eminyaka ngeke ibangele izinkinga kumnikazi wayo.

Baphendukela kudokotela wamazinyo-implantologist ukuze babuyisele amazinyo alahlekile kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomlomo womlomo.

Ngosizo lokufakelwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu, kwaba nokwenzeka ukusindisa kokubili amazinyo okuhlafuna nangaphambili, futhi lokhu kungenziwa kokubili ezimweni ezilodwa zamazinyo alahlekile, futhi uma kwenzeka kuba nokukhubazeka ku-dentition ngokungabi khona kwamazinyo amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ngakho-ke, amasu esimanje okufakelwa ngokuvamile abe enye indlela enhle kakhulu yokususa, engaguquki kanye nebhuloho lama-prosthetics azo zonke izinhlobo zamazinyo.

Njengomthetho, isiguli sithola i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wamazinyo-implantologist kwabanye ochwepheshe - abahlinzeki bamazinyo noma abahlinzayo bamazinyo. Namuhla, ukufakwa kwamazinyo kusetshenziselwa, ezimweni eziningi, ngesicelo seziguli ngaphandle kokuphikisana kwezempilo, futhi uma kunezinkomba zokufaka amazinyo, okungukuthi, lapho kungekho khona ithuba lokufaka izakhiwo zokufakelwa. Ukufakwa kwamazinyo kuyindlela yokwelapha echazwe kahle edinga ukuhlolwa okuphelele kweziguli kanye nokulungiselela kwazo le nqubo.

Phakathi kwezinkinga eziyinhloko zokufakelwa kwamazinyo, okuyinto yokugcina ekwazi ukuyixazulula ngokugcwele, singakwazi ukuhlukanisa izinkinga ezilandelayo, izimpawu nezifo ze-dentition:

• ukungabi khona kweyunithi yamazinyo noma kuphi emhlathini;
• ukungabi khona kwamazinyo amaningana (amaqembu) kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomhlathi;
• ukungabi khona kwamazinyo aseduze nalawo adinga ukufakelwa, okungukuthi, esimweni lapho isakhiwo sebhuloho singenalutho lokunamathisela ngenxa yokuntuleka kwamazinyo afanelekayo asekelayo endaweni;
• ukungabi khona kweqembu lamazinyo ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomhlathi owodwa nasemihlathini ehlukene (ukukhubazeka kwamazinyo okuyinkimbinkimbi);
• i-adentia ephelele, okungukuthi, isidingo sokushintsha amazinyo aphelele;
• izici zomzimba zomzimba ezingakuvumeli ukugqoka amazinyo okufakelwa akhiphekayo, isibonelo, i-gag reflex lapho ufaka amazinyo okufakelwa noma ukungezwani nezinto zokwakha okwenziwa ngazo;
• i-physiological atrophy yezicubu zethambo lomhlathi ophansi, ongakuvumeli ukuba ulungise ngokuphepha futhi ugqoke i-prosthesis ekhishwayo;
• ukungafuni kwesiguli ukugqoka amazinyo okufakelwa akhiphekayo.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ngisho nalapho kukhona lezi zinkinga, i-implantologist ayikwazi ukugcizelela ngaso sonke isikhathi ekufakweni, ngoba ukufakwa kunezingqinamba ezimbi kakhulu zokusetshenziswa.

Phakathi kokuphikisana okunjalo, isifo sikashukela i-mellitus, izifo ezihlukahlukene ze-gland yegilo, izifo ze-broncho-pulmonary kanye ne-cardiovascular in the acute and decompensating stages, i-oncological pathologies iyahlukaniswa. Kukhona futhi ukungqubuzana kokufakelwa kohlobo lwendawo - lezi ama-caries amaningi, izifo zolwelwesi lwamafinyila emlonyeni wesiguli kanye nezinye izimpawu isiguli esingazilungisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi bese siphendukela kudokotela wamazinyo ofakelwayo futhi ukuze afakwe.

Ukwamukela kanye nezindlela zomsebenzi we-dentist-implantologist

Udokotela wamazinyo-implantologist ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwakhe kumele enze izinqubo eziningi eziphoqelekile, ekugcineni eziholela ekufakweni kwezimila ezidingekayo emlonyeni wesiguli.

Izinqubo ezinjalo ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwezokwelapha zihlanganisa:

• ukuhlolwa kwamazinyo okuyisisekelo;
• ukubonisana nabanye ochwepheshe abafanelekile;
• ukuqokwa kokuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene kwe-laboratory yesiguli;
• izindlela zokuxilonga zokuhlola umgodi womlomo;
• umsebenzi ngamunye ekukhetheni ukuma nosayizi wezimila;
• ukukhiqizwa kohlobo oluthile lokufakelwa kanye nokungeniswa kwalo emgodini womlomo kanye nezicubu zethambo lesiguli;
• ama-prosthetics wamazinyo.

Kuze kube yisikhathi lapho udokotela eqala ukwenza ukuhlinzwa okuqondile, isiguli kuzodingeka simvakashele izikhathi eziningana. Phakathi nesigaba sokulungiselela, udokotela wamazinyo omuhle wokufakelwa uzoqoqa lonke ulwazi aludingayo ukuze enze umsebenzi oqhubekayo mayelana nesiguli kanye nomlando waso wezokwelapha, anikeze ukuhlolwa okudingekayo ukuze abone ukuphikisana futhi akwazi ukubikezela umphumela wokufakelwa ngokunembe ngangokunokwenzeka.

Lapho ehlola umgodi womlomo wesiguli, udokotela wamazinyo ofakelwayo udinga imiphumela yocwaningo olwenziwe, njengesibalo segazi eliphelele, ukuhlolwa kwegazi le-hepatitis, ushukela, ukutheleleka nge-HIV, i-panoramic x-ray noma i-computed tomography yomhlathi owodwa noma yomibili. isiguli.

Lapho kukhona izifo zenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi, udokotela wamazinyo uzodinga imiphumela ye-electrocardiogram yesiguli, uma kwenzeka ukungezwani nezidakamizwa, kuzodingeka ukuthi kudlule ukuhlolwa kokungezwani komzimba nokuzwela izingxenye zezidakamizwa ezibulala izinzwa. Uma kwenzeka kuba nezinkinga ngawo wonke amazinyo noma izinsini, isiguli sihlanzwa emgodini womlomo ukuze kuvinjelwe ukutheleleka ekungeneni enxebeni elivulekile ngesikhathi sokufakelwa.

Udokotela wamazinyo-implantologist ukwazisa ngempela isiguli mayelana nezindlela ezikhona zokufakelwa kwamazinyo, izinhlobo zokufakelwa okufanele zifakwe, ubude besikhathi sokuphulukiswa kwesilonda kanye nezinye izitho zokufakelwa. Ngemva kwesivumelwano sokugcina nesiguli ngendlela ekhethiwe yokufakelwa, udokotela uyaqhubeka nokuhlela ukuhlinzwa.

Phakathi nesigaba sokuhlinzwa somsebenzi we-dentist-implantologist, izindlela ezimbili zokwenza umsebenzi zingasetshenziswa - ukufakwa kwezigaba ezimbili kanye nesiteji esisodwa. Isinqumo sokusebenzisa enye yalezi zinhlobo zamasu senziwa udokotela kuphela, ngokusho kwesithombe senkambo yesifo angasibona esigulini.

Ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa nganoma iyiphi indlela yokufakelwa kwenziwa ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo, okuqinisekisa ukungabi nabuhlungu okuphelele kwenqubo yesiguli. Uchwepheshe wezinyo lokufakelwa izinyo elilodwa kuthatha cishe imizuzu engama-30 ngokwesilinganiso. Ngemuva kokufakelwa, i-x-ray yokulawula yendawo yokufakelwa ithathwa, emva kwalokho isiguli singashiya ukuqokwa kwamazinyo.

Kamuva, isiguli kufanele sivakashele udokotela wamazinyo ofakelwayo owafakela ukuze asuse ama-sutures futhi aphinde athathe i-x-ray yendawo ethintekile ngokwelashwa, kanye nezinyanga ezimbalwa ngemva kokufakelwa, ukuze afake i-titanium screw - i-gum shaper enikeza umqhele wesikhathi esizayo wamakhonto. Futhi, ekugcineni, ekuvakasheni kwesithathu, esikhundleni se-shapper, i-abutment ifakwe ku-gum, ezosebenza njengokweseka umqhele wensimbi-ceramic esikhathini esizayo.

Ezinyangeni ezi-3-6 ngemuva kokufakelwa, isiguli sinikezwa ama-prosthetics wezinyo elifakiwe. Lesi sigaba, esingahlala cishe inyanga engu-1 ngokwesilinganiso, sihlanganisa ukuthatha umbono wemihlathi yesiguli, ukukhiqizwa kwelabhorethri yesakhiwo samathambo sohlobo oluvunyelwe ngaphambilini, ukufaka i-prosthesis nokuyifaka emgodini womlomo, nokulungiswa kokugcina kwe-prosthesis. isakhiwo emgodini womlomo.

Impilo yesevisi yokufakelwa kwamazinyo ngokuyinhloko incike ekutheni isiguli ngokwaso sizoqhubeka nokuqapha ngokucophelela isimo somlomo womlomo. Futhi-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi uvakashele udokotela wamazinyo njalo ukuze udokotela akwazi ukuqapha ngokuzimela zonke izinguquko ezenzeka esigulini ngesikhathi senqubo yokugqoka isakhiwo.

Izincomo ezigulini

Lapho kukhishwa noma yimaphi amazinyo, kwenzeka izinguquko ezingenakuhlehliswa emgodini womlomo womuntu. Uma noma yimaphi amayunithi wamazinyo asusiwe futhi angabuyiselwa, khona-ke ukuphulwa kokuvalwa kwemihlathi kuzoqala, okuvame ukuholela ekuguleni kwe-periodontal esikhathini esizayo. Kukhona nokugudluka kwamazinyo emhlathini - amanye amazinyo aya phambili (amazinyo phambi kweyunithi ekhishiwe), kanti amanye aqala ukulwela ukuthatha indawo yezinyo elikhishiwe. Ngakho, kukhona ukwephulwa kokuxhumana kwamazinyo okulungile emlonyeni womuntu. Lokhu kungaholela ekutheni izinhlayiya zokudla njalo zibhajwe phakathi kwamazinyo, ukukhula kwe-caries noma i-gingivitis.

Futhi, ukuthambekela kwamayunithi okuhlafuna omgodi womlomo kuholela ekulayisheni ngokweqile kwezicubu ezizungeze amazinyo asele, kanye nokuncipha kokuphakama kokuluma kanye nokugudluzwa kwamayunithi asele amazinyo phambili eduze komhlathi. Lokhu kugcwele iqiniso lokuthi amazinyo angaphambili angase aqale ukuhlukana ngendlela emise okwefeni, axege. Zonke lezi zinqubo, ngandlela thile, zivusa ukufa ngokushesha kwethambo lamazinyo. Kungakho, lapho ukhipha amazinyo, kufanele nakanjani uxhumane nodokotela wamazinyo wokufakelwa okuhle ukuze uthole i-aphoyintimenti yokubuyisela zonke izingxenye ezidingekayo zomgodi womlomo futhi ugcine umsebenzi ofanele wokuhlafuna wawo wonke amazinyo.