😉 Ukubingelela kubafundi abavamile nabasha! Isihloko esithi “David Hume: Philosophy, Biography, Facts and Videos” sikhuluma ngempilo yesazi sefilosofi esidumile saseScotland. Izinkulumo zevidiyo ngefilosofi kaHume. Isihloko sizoba usizo kubafundi.
UDavid Hume: Biography
Isazi sefilosofi saseScotland, isazi sezokuhlalisana kwabantu, isazi-mlando kanye nesazi sezomnotho uDavid Hume wazalwa ngoMeyi 7, 1711 e-Edinburgh emndenini ocebile wezicukuthwane. Ngokuphikelela kwabazali bakhe, wangena ukuyofundela ubumeli. Ngokushesha uDavid wasiyeka isikole, eqaphela ukuthi isayensi yezomthetho yayingamkhangi ngokukhethekile.
Ngemva kwesikhashana, umzamo ongaphumelelanga wokwenza ibhizinisi uyenzeka. Kamuva wanikela ukuphila kwakhe konke ekucwaningeni emkhakheni wefilosofi.
Ngo-1734, uHume waya eFrance. Ehlatshwe umxhwele imibono ye-encyclopedist yesiFulentshi, wasebenza kanzima iminyaka emithathu encwadini yakhe yokuqala enemiqulu emithathu ethi “A Treatise on Human Nature …”. Umsebenzi awuzange uthole imvume efanele futhi uHume wabuyela ekhaya labazali bakhe.
UDavid Hume (1711-1776)
Indlela yakhe yokusebenza ingafingqwa ngegama elithi “ukungabaza”, kodwa hhayi ngomqondo “wokungathembani”, kodwa ngomqondo wokwenqaba ukukholelwa ngokweqile ekubukekeni, emasikweni, emandleni, nasezikhungweni. Kunesizathu esiphusile nesithembekile salokhu kuphika - ukuzicabangela wena.
Futhi lokhu kusho - akayeki ukuziqinisekisa. Lokhu kwesinye isikhathi kungaholela “ekuzifuneni okunengqondo”, okuthi, nokho, kube umeluleki ophephe kakhudlwana ekuphileni “kunozwela ngokwemizwa.” Impilo yesazi sefilosofi ikhombisa ukuthi wayehlala eqinisekisa amalungelo akhe futhi wenza ngokuzikhukhumeza.
Ngenkathi u-tractatus … ebhekene nokungaqondi kahle kwezilaleli ezazifundiswe ngokwesiko, u-Hume akazange awulahle umbono wakhe wefilosofi. Wanquma ukuzenza njengomuntu ocabangayo ngezinye izindlela eziqondakala kakhudlwana: indaba.
iminyaka yokugcina yokuphila
Kuze kube ngu-1768, uDavid Hume wakhonza njengoNobhala Womsizi Wezwe Wezindaba ZaseNyakatho. Wabe esesula wabuyela kwelakubo njengomuntu ocebile. Lapha udala umphakathi wezazi zefilosofi, owawuhlanganisa: A. Ferguson, A. Smith, A. Monroe, J. Black, H. Blair nabanye.
Ekupheleni kwempilo yakhe, u-Hume wabhala i-Autobiography yakhe. Lapho wazichaza njengomuntu othanda ukuhlalisana nabantu, kodwa enobuthakathaka obuthile bodumo lombhali. Ngo-1775, u-Hume waba nezimpawu zesifo samathumbu. Wabulawa umdlavuza ngo-August 25, 1776. Wayeneminyaka engu-65 ubudala.
Ethuneni lakhe, uHume wanikeza ifa lokubhala umbhalo omfushane: “David Hume. Wazalwa ngoMeyi 7, 1711, wafa ... ". “Ngikushiyela inzalo,” ebhala, “ukwengeza okunye.”
Ifilosofi kaDavid Hume
Amafomu ashintshile, kodwa umgomo uhlala, wengezwe yisimo esinqumayo: ukuqinisekiswa komuntu siqu - ukuzidalula kwengqondo.
Ingxenye yokuqala yendatshana yakhe ethi “Indaba Yokuziphatha Nezombangazwe” yamukelwa ngokufudumele umphakathi wezesayensi. Waqokwa njengomphathi wezincwadi e-Edinburgh College of Law, lapho aqala khona ukubhala uMlando wakhe waseNgilandi.
Le ncwadi yanyatheliswa izingxenye kusukela ngo-1754 kuya ku-1762. Amanye amayunithi ahlangabezana nokungavunyelwa ngokuphelele ngabameleli bonxiwankulu benkululeko.
U-Hume usethe umsebenzi wokwethula indlela yokuhlola ukuhlola kubantu. Uzama ukukhulula ifilosofi yokuziphatha kukho konke ukuqagela. Izici ezibalulekile zokuziphatha kwakhe amaphuzu alandelayo:
- ukwehluka kokuziphatha kuvela ngenxa yemizwa yokuvunyelwa noma yokungavunyelwa mayelana nobuhlungu noma injabulo;
- umuzwa ungaphansi kwalokho esikubona “njengokuhle” noma “okubi”, “ubuhle” noma “okubi”;
- ngokomthetho, isizathu singokwethiyori;
- imizwa nezinkanuko kuyabusa ekwakhiweni kwesahlulelo sokuziphatha: “ingqondo iyisigqila sezinkanuko”;
- ukuziphatha kusekelwe ebuhleni, emisebenzini kanye nemizwa yemvelo evamile (ukubonga, umusa nozwela);
- ubulungisa bungubuhle bokwenziwa obuvela ekucabangeni kwethu nesifiso sokwanelisa ukuthambekela kwethu kwemvelo.
Isihloko sesifundo: "David Hume: Philosophy"
Isifundo esithakazelisayo sefilosofi, Ph.D., uprofesa ohlangene u-Pavlova Elena Leonidovna ↓
Bafundi abathandekayo, uma nithanda isihloko esithi "David Hume: Philosophy, Biography", sicela wabelane ngayo ezinkundleni zokuxhumana. Kuze kube ngokuzayo! 😉 Ngena, kunezinto eziningi ezithakazelisayo ezizayo!